Sensitivity analysis and shape optimization of geometrically non-linear structures

Sensitivity analysis and shape optimization of geometrically non-linear structures

Author:

Publisher:

Published: 2000

Total Pages:

ISBN-13:

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

Este trabalho propõe uma metodologia para a otimização de forma de estruturas geometricamente não-lineares. O objetivo desta metodologia é evitar os problemas deinstabilidade apresentados por estruturas otimizadas de acordo com a formulação clássica. Ela foi implementada para problemas bidimensionais e os resultados obtidos na otimização de diferentes estruturas demonstraram o seu sucesso. Utilizando-se conceitos de modelagem geométrica, a forma da estrutura é defini-da através das curvas de seu contorno. Assim, a representação paramétrica de curvas e adefinição destas em função de um conjunto de pontos de interpolação (pontos-chave) são discutidas detalhadamente. A ênfase é dada à interpolação através de B-splines, devidoa sua grande flexibilidade. O problema de otimização édefinido com base no modelo geométrico e as variáveis de projeto são as coordenadas dos pontos-chave. A simetria da estrutura é garantida através da ligação de variáveis. A estrutura é analisada através de elementos isoparametricos planos. Assim, antes de realizar a análise, é necessário discretizar a estrutura em um conjunto de elementos finitos. Para realizar esta tarefa foram implementados diferentes algoritmos de geração de malhas, tanto estruturadas quanto não-estruturadas. O método de Newton-Raphson é utilizado pa-ra determinar a configuração de equilíbrio e diferentes métodos podem ser aplicados para determinar os pontos críticos. Devido aos problemas de convergência apresentados pelos métodos diretos para a determinação dos pontos crticos, um método semi-direto foi desenvolvidoneste trabalho. Os resultados obtidos na análise de diferentes exemplos mostraram a adequação dos elementos finitos e dos métodos numéricos implementados. Os algoritmos de programação matemática utilizados neste trabalho precisam dos gradientes da função objetivo e das restrições, que são calculadas com base nos gradientesdas respostas da estrutura. Partindo-se de equações gerais válidas para quaisquer elementos, foram desenvolvidas expressões analíticas que permitem o cálculo exato das sensibilidades de elementos finitos isoparamétricos formulados através do procedimento Lagrangiano Total. O desenvolvimento e a implementação de expressões semelhantes para elementos mais complexos é uma tarefa bastante árdua. Por outro lado, o método das diferenças fi-nitas é simples e genérico, mas muito caro computacionalmente. O método semi-analítico mantémm as vantagens da utilização de diferenças finitas e possui um custo computacional baixo, porém pode apresentar sérios problemas de preciso. Devido a estes motivos, foidesenvolvido neste trabalho um procedimento para melhorar a qualidade das sensibilidades semi-analíticas de estruturas geometricamente não-lineares. O procedimento é baseado nadiferenciação exata dos movimentos de corpo rígido do elemento utilizado. Os resultados numéricos obtidos demonstraram a sua eficácia.


Structural Sensitivity Analysis and Optimization 2

Structural Sensitivity Analysis and Optimization 2

Author: K. K. Choi

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2006-12-22

Total Pages: 336

ISBN-13: 0387273069

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

Extensive numerical methods for computing design sensitivity are included in the text for practical application and software development. The numerical method allows integration of CAD-FEA-DSA software tools, so that design optimization can be carried out using CAD geometric models instead of FEA models. This capability allows integration of CAD-CAE-CAM so that optimized designs can be manufactured effectively.


Shape Design Sensitivity Analysis and Optimization Using the Boundary Element Method

Shape Design Sensitivity Analysis and Optimization Using the Boundary Element Method

Author: Zhiye Zhao

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 203

ISBN-13: 3642843824

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

This book investigates the various aspects of shape optimization of two dimensional continuum structures, including shape design sensitivity analysis, structural analysis using the boundary element method (BEM), and shape optimization implementation. The book begins by reviewing the developments of shape optimization, followed by the presentation of the mathematical programming methods for solving optimization problems. The basic theory of the BEM is presented which will be employed later on as the numerical tool to provide the structural responses and the shape design sensitivities. The key issue of shape optimization, the shape design sensitivity analy sis, is fully investigated. A general formulation of stress sensitivity using the continuum approach is presented. The difficulty of the modelling of the ad joint problem is studied, and two approaches are presented for the modelling of the adjoint problem. The first approach uses distributed loads to smooth the concentrated adjoint loads, and the second approach employs the singu larity subtraction method to remove the singular boundary displacements and tractions from the BEM equation. A novel finite difference based approach to shape design sensitivity is pre sented, which overcomes the two drawbacks of the conventional finite difference method. This approach has the advantage of being simple in concept, and eas ier implementation. A shape optimization program for two-dimensional continuum structures is developed, including structural analysis using the BEM, shape design sensitiv ity analysis, mathematical programming, and the design boundary modelling.


Introduction to Shape Optimization

Introduction to Shape Optimization

Author: Jan Sokolowski

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 254

ISBN-13: 3642581064

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

This book is motivated largely by a desire to solve shape optimization prob lems that arise in applications, particularly in structural mechanics and in the optimal control of distributed parameter systems. Many such problems can be formulated as the minimization of functionals defined over a class of admissible domains. Shape optimization is quite indispensable in the design and construction of industrial structures. For example, aircraft and spacecraft have to satisfy, at the same time, very strict criteria on mechanical performance while weighing as little as possible. The shape optimization problem for such a structure consists in finding a geometry of the structure which minimizes a given functional (e. g. such as the weight of the structure) and yet simultaneously satisfies specific constraints (like thickness, strain energy, or displacement bounds). The geometry of the structure can be considered as a given domain in the three-dimensional Euclidean space. The domain is an open, bounded set whose topology is given, e. g. it may be simply or doubly connected. The boundary is smooth or piecewise smooth, so boundary value problems that are defined in the domain and associated with the classical partial differential equations of mathematical physics are well posed. In general the cost functional takes the form of an integral over the domain or its boundary where the integrand depends smoothly on the solution of a boundary value problem.


Structural Sensitivity Analysis and Optimization 1

Structural Sensitivity Analysis and Optimization 1

Author: Kyung K. Choi

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2006-12-30

Total Pages: 457

ISBN-13: 0387271694

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

Extensive numerical methods for computing design sensitivity are included in the text for practical application and software development. The numerical method allows integration of CAD-FEA-DSA software tools, so that design optimization can be carried out using CAD geometric models instead of FEA models. This capability allows integration of CAD-CAE-CAM so that optimized designs can be manufactured effectively.


Stability and Optimization of Structures

Stability and Optimization of Structures

Author: Makoto Ohsaki

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2007-07-10

Total Pages: 269

ISBN-13: 9780387681832

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

This book focuses on the optimization of a geometrically-nonlinear structure under stability constraint. It presents a deep insight into optimization-based and computer-assisted stability design of discrete structures. Coverage combines design sensitivity analysis developed in structural optimization and imperfection-sensitivity analysis developed in stability analysis.


Numerical Methods in Sensitivity Analysis and Shape Optimization

Numerical Methods in Sensitivity Analysis and Shape Optimization

Author: Emmanuel Laporte

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 202

ISBN-13: 1461200695

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

Sensitivity analysis and optimal shape design are key issues in engineering that have been affected by advances in numerical tools currently available. This book, and its supplementary online files, presents basic optimization techniques that can be used to compute the sensitivity of a given design to local change, or to improve its performance by local optimization of these data. The relevance and scope of these techniques have improved dramatically in recent years because of progress in discretization strategies, optimization algorithms, automatic differentiation, software availability, and the power of personal computers. Numerical Methods in Sensitivity Analysis and Shape Optimization will be of interest to graduate students involved in mathematical modeling and simulation, as well as engineers and researchers in applied mathematics looking for an up-to-date introduction to optimization techniques, sensitivity analysis, and optimal design.


The Isogeometric Boundary Element Method

The Isogeometric Boundary Element Method

Author: Gernot Beer

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2019-09-21

Total Pages: 335

ISBN-13: 3030233391

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

This book discusses the introduction of isogeometric technology to the boundary element method (BEM) in order to establish an improved link between simulation and computer aided design (CAD) that does not require mesh generation. In the isogeometric BEM, non-uniform rational B-splines replace the Lagrange polynomials used in conventional BEM. This may seem a trivial exercise, but if implemented rigorously, it has profound implications for the programming, resulting in software that is extremely user friendly and efficient. The BEM is ideally suited for linking with CAD, as both rely on the definition of objects by boundary representation. The book shows how the isogeometric philosophy can be implemented and how its benefits can be maximised with a minimum of user effort. Using several examples, ranging from potential problems to elasticity, it demonstrates that the isogeometric approach results in a drastic reduction in the number of unknowns and an increase in the quality of the results. In some cases even exact solutions without refinement are possible. The book also presents a number of practical applications, demonstrating that the development is not only of academic interest. It then elegantly addresses heterogeneous and non-linear problems using isogeometric concepts, and tests them on several examples, including a severely non-linear problem in viscous flow. The book makes a significant contribution towards a seamless integration of CAD and simulation, which eliminates the need for tedious mesh generation and provides high-quality results with minimum user intervention and computing.