School Enrollment in Indonesia
School Enrollment in Indonesia

Author: Dov Chernichovsky

Publisher: World Bank Publications

Published: 1985

Total Pages: 48

ISBN-13:

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The objective of this paper is to relate children's school enrollment and level of educational attainment to their household socioeconomic characteristics and the availability of schools. For primary school enrollment, two issues are explored. The first concerns the characteristics of those children who do not attend school, given the relative availability of facilities. The second concerns household expenditures on education, particularly in relation to the availability of facilities and households' ability and willingness to pay for education. The study, based on data, shows that education in Indonesia, especially beyond the primary level, is very much an income-related phenomenon. Education is also strongly influenced by attitudes as implied by the evidence that the relatively rich and well-educated shun vocational training, even though it appears to yield a comparable return in the market to general training. In addition, the fact that girls do not receive more schooling may be related to parents' attitudes, although their behavior may also be influenced by the lower market returns to girls' education. The data clearly show that availability of facilities promotes school attendance and educational attainment. Yet, household considerations should not be disregarded.

Early Childhood Education and Development in Indonesia
Early Childhood Education and Development in Indonesia

Author: Amina Denboba

Publisher: World Bank Publications

Published: 2015-08-06

Total Pages: 143

ISBN-13: 1464806519

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Since the early 2000s, Indonesia has taken a number of steps to prioritize early childhood development - ranging from the inclusion of Early Childhood Development (ECD) in the National Education System Law No. 20 in 2003 to a Presidential Declaration on Holistic and Integrated ECD and the launch of the country's first ever ECD Census in 2011. These policy milestones have occurred in parallel with sustained progress on outcomes included in the Millennium Development Goals, including for child malnutrition, child mortality and universal basic education. Additional progress could be achieved by strengthening ECD policies further. This report presents findings from an assessment of ECD policies and programs in Indonesia based on two World Bank tools: the ECD module of the Systems Approach for Better Education Results (SABER) and a guide on essential interventions for investing in young children. Results from the application of both tools to Indonesia are used to suggest a number of policy options for consideration.

Teacher Reform in Indonesia
Teacher Reform in Indonesia

Author: Mae Chu Chang

Publisher: World Bank Publications

Published: 2013-12-18

Total Pages: 259

ISBN-13: 0821399608

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The book features an analysis of teacher reform in Indonesia, which entailed a doubling of teacher salaries upon certification. It describes the political economy context in which the reform was developed and implemented, and analyzes the impact of the reform on teacher knowledge, skills, and student outcomes.

Indonesian Education
Indonesian Education

Author: Christopher Bjork

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2005-06-01

Total Pages: 207

ISBN-13: 1135484244

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Indonesian Education: Teachers, Schools, and Central Authority, the first published study of life inside Indonesian schools, explores the role that classroom teachers' behavior and locates their actions within the broader cultures of education and government in Indonesia.

Investing in Indonesia's Education
Investing in Indonesia's Education

Author:

Publisher: World Bank Publications

Published: 2007

Total Pages: 45

ISBN-13:

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What are the current trends and main characteristics of public education spending in Indonesia? Is education spending insufficient? Are expenditures in education efficient and equitable? This study reports the first account of Indonesia's aggregated (national and sub-national) spending on education, as well as the economic composition of education spending and its breakdown by programs. It presents estimations of the expected (average) level of education spending for a country with its economic and social characteristics. This analysis sheds light on the efficiency and equity of education spending by presenting social rates of return by level of education, by assessing the adequacy of current teacher earnings relative to other paid workers and the distribution of teachers across urban, rural, and remote regions, and by identifying the main determinants of education enrollment. It concludes that the current challenges in Indonesia are no longer defined by the need of additional spending, but rather the need to improve the quality of education services, and to improve the efficiency of education expenditures by re-allocating teachers to undersupplied regions and re-adjusting the spending mix within and between education programs for future additional spending in the sector. The study finds that poverty and student-aged labor are also significant constraints to education enrollment, stressing the importance of policies aimed at addressing demand-side factors.

Investing in Indonesia's Education
Investing in Indonesia's Education

Author:

Publisher: World Bank Publications

Published: 2012

Total Pages: 45

ISBN-13:

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What are the current trends and main characteristics of public education spending in Indonesia? Is education spending insufficient? Are expenditures in education efficient and equitable? This study reports the first account of Indonesia's aggregated (national and sub-national) spending on education, as well as the economic composition of education spending and its breakdown by programs. It presents estimations of the expected (average) level of education spending for a country with its economic and social characteristics. This analysis sheds light on the efficiency and equity of education spending by presenting social rates of return by level of education, by assessing the adequacy of current teacher earnings relative to other paid workers and the distribution of teachers across urban, rural, and remote regions, and by identifying the main determinants of education enrollment. It concludes that the current challenges in Indonesia are no longer defined by the need of additional spending, but rather the need to improve the quality of education services, and to improve the efficiency of education expenditures by re-allocating teachers to undersupplied regions and re-adjusting the spending mix within and between education programs for future additional spending in the sector. The study finds that poverty and student-aged labor are also significant constraints to education enrollment, stressing the importance of policies aimed at addressing demand-side factors.

Education in Indonesia
Education in Indonesia

Author: Daniel Suryadarma

Publisher: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies

Published: 2013

Total Pages: 306

ISBN-13: 9814515043

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In Indonesia, as elsewhere in Asia, education will inevitably play a key role in the national development experience as the twenty-first century unfolds. Not much international attention is paid to how the education sector is faring in Indonesia, but that is not because nothing is happening. The past decade has seen major changes in the structure of the education system and in the schooling trajectories of Indonesian children and adolescents. The administration of primary and secondary education has been decentralized to the regions. A new paradigm of school-based management has been introduced. Public spending on education has finally reached one-fifth of total government spending, as required by law. But although enrolment rates at all levels continue to increase, the quality of education remains low and has not improved, and the tertiary sector continues to experience problems of autonomy and unsatisfactory performance.

Inclusion Matters
Inclusion Matters

Author: World Bank

Publisher: World Bank Publications

Published: 2013-11-26

Total Pages: 301

ISBN-13: 1464800111

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Social inclusion is on the agenda of governments, policymakers, and nonstate actors around the world. Underpinning this concern is the realization that despite progress on poverty reduction, some people continue to feel left out. This report aims to unpack the concept of social inclusion and understand better how policies can be designed to further inclusion. First, the report offers a definition of social inclusion as the "process of improving the terms for individuals and groups to take part in society." It unpacks different domains of society that excluded groups and individuals are at particular risk of being left out of -- markets, services, and spaces. Second, the report discusses the most important global mega-trends such as migration, climate chnage, and aging of societies, which will impact challenges and opportunities for inclusion. Finally, it argues that despite these challenges, change towards inclusion is possible and offers examples of inclusionary policies.

Diagnosing the Indonesian Economy
Diagnosing the Indonesian Economy

Author: Hal Hill

Publisher: Anthem Press

Published: 2013-10-01

Total Pages: 504

ISBN-13: 1783080523

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‘Diagnosing the Indonesian Economy: Toward Inclusive and Green Growth’ discusses the critical constrains to inclusive economic growth in Indonesia. The volume includes a broad overview of Indonesia’s development since the 1960s, and features an analytic framework for the study that aims to identify the most binding constraints. The chapters analyze macroeconomic management since the Asian financial crisis; the status of Indonesia’s industrial transformation; the challenges pertaining to Indonesia’s infrastructure; the situation of human capital and employment; the record on poverty reduction; the impact and status of the decentralization effort; and the challenges attendant to the country’s environment and natural resources.