Modern attacks routinely breach SCADA networks that are defended to IT standards. This is unacceptable. Defense in depth has failed us. In ""SCADA Security"" Ginter describes this failure and describes an alternative. Strong SCADA security is possible, practical, and cheaper than failed, IT-centric, defense-in-depth. While nothing can be completely secure, we decide how high to set the bar for our attackers. For important SCADA systems, effective attacks should always be ruinously expensive and difficult. We can and should defend our SCADA systems so thoroughly that even our most resourceful enemies tear their hair out and curse the names of our SCADA systems' designers.
Imagine you work in a power plant that uses a half dozen massive, 5-story-tall steam boilers. If a cyber attack makes a boiler over-pressurize and explode, the event will most likely kill you and everyone else nearby. Which mitigation for that risk would you prefer? A mechanical over-pressure valve on each boiler where, if the pressure in the boiler gets too high, then the steam forces the valve open, the steam escapes, and the pressure is released? Or a longer password on the computer controlling the boilers? Addressing cyber risks to physical operations takes more than cybersecurity. The engineering profession has managed physical risks and threats to safety and public safety for over a century. Process, automation and network engineering are powerful tools to address OT cyber risks - tools that simply do not exist in the IT domain. This text explores these tools, explores risk and looks at what "due care" means in today's changing cyber threat landscape. Note: Chapters 3-6 of the book Secure Operations Technology are reproduced in this text as Appendix B.
This book provides the most recent security, privacy, technical and legal challenges in the IoT environments. This book offers a wide range of theoretical and technical solutions to address these challenges. Topics covered in this book include; IoT, privacy, ethics and security, the use of machine learning algorithms in classifying malicious websites, investigation of cases involving cryptocurrency, the challenges police and law enforcement face in policing cyberspace, the use of the IoT in modern terrorism and violent extremism, the challenges of the IoT in view of industrial control systems, and the impact of social media platforms on radicalisation to terrorism and violent extremism. This book also focuses on the ethical design of the IoT and the large volumes of data being collected and processed in an attempt to understand individuals’ perceptions of data and trust. A particular emphasis is placed on data ownership and perceived rights online. It examines cyber security challenges associated with the IoT, by making use of Industrial Control Systems, using an example with practical real-time considerations. Furthermore, this book compares and analyses different machine learning techniques, i.e., Gaussian Process Classification, Decision Tree Classification, and Support Vector Classification, based on their ability to learn and detect the attributes of malicious web applications. The data is subjected to multiple steps of pre-processing including; data formatting, missing value replacement, scaling and principal component analysis. This book has a multidisciplinary approach. Researchers working within security, privacy, technical and legal challenges in the IoT environments and advanced-level students majoring in computer science will find this book useful as a reference. Professionals working within this related field will also want to purchase this book.
The field of cybersecurity is becoming increasingly important due to the continuously expanding reliance on computer systems, the internet, wireless network standards such as Bluetooth and wi-fi, and the growth of "smart" devices, including smartphones, televisions, and the various devices that constitute the internet of things (IoT). Cybersecurity is also one of the significant challenges in the contemporary world, due to its complexity, both in terms of political usage and technology. The Handbook of Research on Cybersecurity Risk in Contemporary Business Systems examines current risks involved in the cybersecurity of various business systems today from a global perspective and investigates critical business systems. Covering key topics such as artificial intelligence, hacking, and software, this reference work is ideal for computer scientists, industry professionals, policymakers, researchers, academicians, scholars, instructors, and students.
In today's interconnected world, the management and control of critical infrastructure and industrial processes have become paramount. Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems stand at the forefront of this technological revolution, enabling efficient monitoring, control, and optimization across various domains, from energy and utilities to manufacturing and transportation. This book, "Mastering SCADA Systems: A Comprehensive Guide," seeks to demystify the complexities surrounding SCADA technology while providing a practical and insightful resource for professionals, students, and enthusiasts alike. Whether you are an engineer, a technician, a researcher, or a decision-maker in industries relying on SCADA systems, this book aims to equip you with the knowledge and tools necessary to understand, implement, and leverage SCADA technology effectively. Our journey begins with an exploration of the fundamental concepts underlying SCADA systems, delving into their architecture, components, and operational principles. We will examine the intricate network of sensors, controllers, and communication protocols that form the backbone of SCADA infrastructure, laying the groundwork for deeper exploration. Throughout the chapters that follow, we will navigate the intricacies of SCADA system design, implementation, and integration, addressing critical considerations such as security, reliability, and scalability. Drawing upon real-world examples and case studies, we will uncover the diverse applications of SCADA technology across industries, from power plants and water treatment facilities to smart cities and beyond. As we embark on this journey, it is essential to recognize the evolving landscape of SCADA technology and the challenges it presents. From cybersecurity threats to regulatory compliance, the field of SCADA systems is constantly evolving, demanding continuous adaptation and innovation. By embracing emerging technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT) and artificial intelligence, we can unlock new opportunities for efficiency, resilience, and sustainability within SCADA ecosystems. At its core, this book is a testament to the transformative power of SCADA technology and the collective expertise of professionals dedicated to its advancement. It is my hope that the insights, strategies, and best practices shared within these pages will empower you to navigate the complexities of SCADA systems with confidence and foresight. I extend my deepest gratitude to the countless individuals and organizations whose contributions have shaped the landscape of SCADA technology. It is through their innovation, dedication, and collaboration that we continue to push the boundaries of what is possible in the realm of industrial automation and control. May this book serve as a guiding light on your journey to mastering SCADA systems, empowering you to unlock new frontiers of efficiency, reliability, and resilience in the digital age.
IT-SEC protects the information. SEC-OT protects physical, industrial operations from information, more specifically from attacks embedded in information. When the consequences of compromise are unacceptable - unscheduled downtime, impaired product quality and damaged equipment - software-based IT-SEC defences are not enough. Secure Operations Technology (SEC-OT) is a perspective, a methodology, and a set of best practices used at secure industrial sites. SEC-OT demands cyber-physical protections - because all software can be compromised. SEC-OT strictly controls the flow of information - because all information can encode attacks. SEC-OT uses a wide range of attack capabilities to determine the strength of security postures - because nothing is secure. This book documents the Secure Operations Technology approach, including physical offline and online protections against cyber attacks and a set of twenty standard cyber-attack patterns to use in risk assessments.
In today's complex world, the intersection of inclusion, equity, and organizational efficiency has reached unprecedented levels, driven by events like the great resignation, the emergence of workplace cultures such as #MeToo and Bro culture, and societal movements like Black Lives Matter and pandemic-exposed disparities. This convergence highlights the urgent need for transformative change in healthcare, education, business, and technology. Organizations grapple with issues like racial bias in Artificial Intelligence, fostering workplace psychological safety, and conflict management. The escalating demands for diversity and inclusivity present a pressing challenge, necessitating holistic solutions that harness collective perspectives to drive real progress. Transformational Interventions for Business, Technology, and Healthcare emerges as a beacon for academic scholars seeking actionable insights. Dr. Burrell's two decades of university teaching experience, combined with a prolific record of academic publications and presentations, uniquely positions them to lead the way. The book, through an interdisciplinary lens, addresses the intricate challenges of our times, offering innovative solutions to reshape organizations and promote inclusivity. Covering topics such as workplace intersectionality, technology's impact on equity, and organizational behavior dynamics, this comprehensive resource directly addresses scholars at the forefront of shaping our future. By dissecting problems and providing evidence-based solutions, the book empowers readers to contribute significantly to the ongoing dialogue on inclusion, equity, and organizational development, making it a guiding light as the call for change reverberates across industries.
The availability and security of many services we rely upon including water treatment, electricity, healthcare, transportation, and financial transactions are routinely put at risk by cyber threats. The Handbook of SCADA/Control Systems Security is a fundamental outline of security concepts, methodologies, and relevant information pertaining to the
Around the world, SCADA (supervisory control and data acquisition) systems and other real-time process control networks run mission-critical infrastructure--everything from the power grid to water treatment, chemical manufacturing to transportation. These networks are at increasing risk due to the move from proprietary systems to more standard platforms and protocols and the interconnection to other networks. Because there has been limited attention paid to security, these systems are seen as largely unsecured and very vulnerable to attack. This book addresses currently undocumented security issues affecting SCADA systems and overall critical infrastructure protection. The respective co-authors are among the leading experts in the world capable of addressing these related-but-independent concerns of SCADA security. Headline-making threats and countermeasures like malware, sidejacking, biometric applications, emergency communications, security awareness llanning, personnel & workplace preparedness and bomb threat planning will be addressed in detail in this one of a kind book-of-books dealing with the threats to critical infrastructure protection. They collectivly have over a century of expertise in their respective fields of infrastructure protection. Included among the contributing authors are Paul Henry, VP of Technology Evangelism, Secure Computing, Chet Hosmer, CEO and Chief Scientist at Wetstone Technologies, Phil Drake, Telecommunications Director, The Charlotte Observer, Patrice Bourgeois, Tenable Network Security, Sean Lowther, President, Stealth Awareness and Jim Windle, Bomb Squad Commander, CMPD. - Internationally known experts provide a detailed discussion of the complexities of SCADA security and its impact on critical infrastructure - Highly technical chapters on the latest vulnerabilities to SCADA and critical infrastructure and countermeasures - Bonus chapters on security awareness training, bomb threat planning, emergency communications, employee safety and much more - Companion Website featuring video interviews with subject matter experts offer a "sit-down" with the leaders in the field
As the sophistication of cyber-attacks increases, understanding how to defend critical infrastructure systems—energy production, water, gas, and other vital systems—becomes more important, and heavily mandated. Industrial Network Security, Second Edition arms you with the knowledge you need to understand the vulnerabilities of these distributed supervisory and control systems. The book examines the unique protocols and applications that are the foundation of industrial control systems, and provides clear guidelines for their protection. This how-to guide gives you thorough understanding of the unique challenges facing critical infrastructures, new guidelines and security measures for critical infrastructure protection, knowledge of new and evolving security tools, and pointers on SCADA protocols and security implementation. - All-new real-world examples of attacks against control systems, and more diagrams of systems - Expanded coverage of protocols such as 61850, Ethernet/IP, CIP, ISA-99, and the evolution to IEC62443 - Expanded coverage of Smart Grid security - New coverage of signature-based detection, exploit-based vs. vulnerability-based detection, and signature reverse engineering
