Rural-Urban Migration and Agro-Technological Change in Post-Reform China
Rural-Urban Migration and Agro-Technological Change in Post-Reform China

Author: Lena Kaufmann

Publisher: Amsterdam University Press

Published: 2021-02-19

Total Pages:

ISBN-13: 9048552184

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How do rural Chinese households deal with the conflicting pressures of migrating into cities to work as well as staying at home to preserve their fields? This is particularly challenging for rice farmers, because paddy fields have to be cultivated continuously to retain their soil quality and value. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork and written sources, this book describes farming households' strategic solutions to this predicament. It shows how, in light of rural-urban migration and agro-technological change, they manage to sustain both migration and farming. It innovatively conceives rural households as part of a larger farming community of practice that spans both staying and migrating household members and their material world. Focusing on one exemplary resource - paddy fields - it argues that socio-technical resources are key factors in understanding migration flows and migrant-home relations. Overall, this book provides rare insights into the rural side of migration and farmers' knowledge and agency.

Handbook of Welfare in China
Handbook of Welfare in China

Author: Beatriz Carrillo

Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing

Published: 2017

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9781783472734

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This Handbook is a timely compilation dedicated to exploring a rare diversity of perspectives and content on the development, successes, reforms and challenges within China's contemporary welfare system. It showcases an extensive introduction and 20 original chapters by leading and emerging area specialists who explore a century of welfare provision from the Nationalist era, up to and concentrating on economic reform and marketisation (1978 to the present). Organised around five key concerns (social security and welfare; emerging issues and actors, including gender issues, NGOs, and philanthropy; gaps; and future challenges, such as population ageing and environmental pressures) chapters draw on original case-based research from diverse disciplines and perspectives, engage existing literature and further key debates. Key historical insights into welfare provision in the Chinese context serve as a starting point with the remaining chapters combining a review of the literature with original case studies. The book offers novel empirical research and includes topics often not discussed in the literature on welfare in China, including: mental health, highly educated rural-to-urban migrants, NGOs as welfare providers, China's overseas welfare aid, environmental challenges and welfare, amongst others. This comprehensive and multidisciplinary Handbook will be of immense value to researchers and scholars in the fields of China Studies, social policy, the welfare state, politics and related areas. Accessible to a non-specialist audience interested in China's welfare development and welfare states more broadly, it will also serve as a useful resource for undergraduates. Contributors Include: E. Baum, M. Blaxland, O. Bruun, B. Carrillo, J. Chen, S. Cook, X.-y. Dong, T.D. DuBois, M.W. Frazier, K.R. Fisher, R. Hasmath, T. Hesketh, J. Hood, J.Y.J. Hsu, H. Jia, E. Jeffreys, P.I. Kadetz, B. Li, Y. Li, J. Liu, S.-h. Liu, Y. Liu, A.W. MacDonald, A. Saich, X. Shang, D.J. Solinger, K. Suda, Y. Zeng, J. Zhao, Z. Zhao

One Country, Two Societies
One Country, Two Societies

Author: Martin K. Whyte

Publisher: Harvard University Press

Published: 2010-02-25

Total Pages: 462

ISBN-13: 9780674036307

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"A collection of essays that analyzes China's foremost social cleavage: the rural-urban gap. It examines the historical background of rural-urban relations; the size and trend in the income gap between rural and urban residents; aspects of inequality apart from income; and, experiences of discrimination, particularly among urban migrants." -- BOOK PUBLISHER WEBSITE.

Welfare, Work, and Poverty
Welfare, Work, and Poverty

Author: Qin Gao

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2017

Total Pages: 177

ISBN-13: 0190218134

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Introduction -- Background, inception, and development -- Thresholds, financing, and beneficiaries -- Targeting performance -- Anti-poverty effectiveness -- From welfare to work -- Family expenditures and human capital investment -- Social participation and subjective well-being -- What next? : policy solutions and research directions -- References -- Acknowledgements

Rural Urban Migration and Policy Intervention in China
Rural Urban Migration and Policy Intervention in China

Author: Li Sun

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2018-06-26

Total Pages: 201

ISBN-13: 9811080933

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This book examines rural-urban migration policies in China, and considers how Chinese workers cope with migration events in the context of these policies. It explores the contribution of migrant workers to the Chinese economy, the impact of changes within the ‘hukou’ system (household registration) and the impact of recent migration policies promoting rural-urban migration and targeting key events during migrant workers’ migration trajectories - job-seeking, wage exploitation, work injuries and illness - namely the corresponding ‘Skills Training Program for Migrant Workers’, the ‘Circular on Managing Wage Payment to Migrant Workers’, the ‘Circular on Migrant Workers Participating in Work-Related Injury Insurance’, and the ‘New Rural Medical Cooperative Scheme’ (Health Insurance). Through in-depth interviews, it examines how when facing such challenges, migrant workers choose to either make a claim under existing policies, or use other coping strategies. The book notably proposes a typology of “coping” which includes a variety of administrative coping, political coping and social coping, and considers how workers in China harness the power of civil groups and social networks.

Rural Welfare in China
Rural Welfare in China

Author: Yi Pan

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2017-06-14

Total Pages: 215

ISBN-13: 331956627X

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This comprehensive reference views China’s welfare system through a cultural-historical lens to integrate its complex story into the global study of welfare. Focusing on the mainland’s vast, mainly rural population and its long and complicated history, it analyzes rural welfare from the imperial dynasties, to the socialist planned economy under Mao Zedong, to its recent history in the current market economy. Findings from government and academics explore salient topics such as urban/rural inequity, the situation of migrant workers, change of social security system, the community development of the countryside, and the relationships of rural welfare policy with social structure, cultural background, economic development and political institution. This broad and deep knowledge gives readers the tools necessary for understanding the relationship of China’s unique and nuanced past to its prominent status in the evolving global economy. Among the book’s topics: “p> Welfare studies in the West and China Welfare practice in the period of 1840-1949 Creation of the Socialist Welfare System: socialist reformation and construction The Social Security system in rural China, 1979-1998 Re-collectivized process in welfare and economy Welfare’s political contexts: rural grass-roots democracy With its accessible, up-to-date coverage and holistic approach to its subject, Rural Welfare in China will find a diverse interested audience, including sociologists, political economists, and social policymakers.

Beneath the China Boom
Beneath the China Boom

Author: Julia Chuang

Publisher: Univ of California Press

Published: 2020-01-14

Total Pages: 251

ISBN-13: 0520973429

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For nearly four decades, China’s manufacturing boom has been powered by the labor of 287 million rural migrant workers, who travel seasonally between villages where they farm for subsistence and cities where they work. Yet recently local governments have moved away from manufacturing and toward urban expansion and construction as a development strategy. As a result, at least 88 million rural people to date have lost rights to village land. In Beneath the China Boom, Julia Chuang follows the trajectories of rural workers, who were once supported by a village welfare state and are now landless. This book provides a view of the undertow of China’s economic success, and the periodic crises—a rural fiscal crisis, a runaway urbanization—that it first created and now must resolve.

Migrant Labor Markets and the Welfare of Rural Households in the Developing World
Migrant Labor Markets and the Welfare of Rural Households in the Developing World

Author: Alan de Brauw

Publisher: World Bank Publications

Published: 2012

Total Pages: 60

ISBN-13: 2008040208

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In this paper, we examine the impact of reductions in barriers to migration on the consumption of households in rural China. We find that increased migration from rural villages leads to significant increases in consumption per capita, and that this effect is stronger for poorer households within villages. Household income per capita and non-durable consumption per capita both increase with out-migration, and this increase is greater for poorer households. We also establish a causal relationship between increased out-migration and investment in housing and durable goods assets, and these effects are also stronger for poorer households. We do not find robust evidence, however, to support a connection between increased migration and investment in productive activity. Instead, increased migration is associated with two significant changes for poorer households: increases both in the total labor supplied to productive activities and in the land per capita managed by the household. In examining the effect of migration, we pay considerable attention to motivating, developing and evaluating our identification strategy.

China's Social Welfare
China's Social Welfare

Author: Joe C. B. Leung

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2015-04-21

Total Pages: 195

ISBN-13: 0745690475

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The extraordinary rise of China is one of the greatest global stories of recent times. However, China's development has been described as ‘uneven, uncoordinated, and unsustainable’, and has now reached a critical turning point. To transform itself into a successful high-income economy, China urgently needs to develop a new welfare regime. Social policy and social welfare programmes are pivotal not only to meet mounting social needs but also to promote social cohesion. This timely book explores key turning points in China’s trajectory, from the creation of a socialist egalitarian society promising a relatively stable livelihood at the expense of economic development, through the market-oriented reforms which have dismantled the traditional social protection system. The authors present the formidable social challenges ahead, including demographic shift, residential migration, and corrosive inequalities, and outline the emerging forms of social security protection in urban and rural areas, community-based social care services, non-governmental organizations and the social work profession. To redress inequalities and strengthen social cohesion, China needs to construct a robust developmental and redistributive strategy with shared responsibility between different levels of governments, as well as between civil society, the state and the market. This comprehensive and astute guide to one of China’s key current challenges will be welcomed by students and scholars of social policy, welfare, sociology and political science, and all interested in contemporary China.

Urban Inequality and Segregation in Europe and China
Urban Inequality and Segregation in Europe and China

Author: Gwilym Pryce

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2021-11-16

Total Pages: 372

ISBN-13: 3030745449

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This open access book explores new research directions in social inequality and urban segregation. With the goal of fostering an ongoing dialogue between scholars in Europe and China, it brings together an impressive team of international researchers to shed light on the entwined processes of inequality and segregation, and the implications for urban development. Through a rich collection of empirical studies at the city, regional and national levels, the book explores the impact of migration on cities, the related problems of social and spatial segregation, and the ramifications for policy reform. While the literature on both segregation and inequality has traditionally been dominated by European and North American studies, there is growing interest in these issues in the Chinese context. Economic liberalization, rapid industrial restructuring, the enormous growth of cities, and internal migration, have all reshaped the country profoundly. What have we learned from the European and North American experience of segregation and inequality, and what insights can be gleaned to inform the bourgeoning interest in these issues in the Chinese context? How is China different, both in terms of the nature and the consequences of segregation inequality, and what are the implications for future research and policy? Given the continued rise of China’s significance in the world, and its recent declaration of war on poverty, this book offers a timely contribution to scholarship, identifying the core insights to be learned from existing research, and providing important guidance on future directions for policy makers and researchers.