The Structure of Aristotelian Logic
The Structure of Aristotelian Logic

Author: James Wilkinson Miller

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2015-08-14

Total Pages: 97

ISBN-13: 1317375424

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Originally published in 1938. This compact treatise is a complete treatment of Aristotle’s logic as containing negative terms. It begins with defining Aristotelian logic as a subject-predicate logic confining itself to the four forms of categorical proposition known as the A, E, I and O forms. It assigns conventional meanings to these categorical forms such that subalternation holds. It continues to discuss the development of the logic since the time of its founder and address traditional logic as it existed in the twentieth century. The primary consideration of the book is the inclusion of negative terms - obversion, contraposition etc. – within traditional logic by addressing three questions, of systematization, the rules, and the interpretation.

Routledge Library Editions: Logic
Routledge Library Editions: Logic

Author: Various

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2021-09-30

Total Pages: 4814

ISBN-13: 1000518469

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Reissuing works originally published between 1931 and 1990, this set of twenty-four books covers the full range of the philosophy of logic, from introductions to logic, to calculus and mathematical logic, to logic in language and linguistics and logical reasoning in law and ethics. An international array of authors are represented in this comprehensive collection.

Logic in Practice
Logic in Practice

Author: L. Susan Stebbing

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2019-11-04

Total Pages: 111

ISBN-13: 1000737152

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Originally published in 1934. This fourth edition originally published 1954., revised by C. W. K. Mundle. "It must be the desire of every reasonable person to know how to justify a contention which is of sufficient importance to be seriously questioned. The explicit formulation of the principles of sound reasoning is the concern of Logic". This book discusses the habit of sound reasoning which is acquired by consciously attending to the logical principles of sound reasoning, in order to apply them to test the soundness of arguments. It isn’t an introduction to logic but it encourages the practice of logic, of deciding whether reasons in argument are sound or unsound. Stress is laid upon the importance of considering language, which is a key instrument of our thinking and is imperfect.

The Logic of Education (RLE Edu K)
The Logic of Education (RLE Edu K)

Author: Paul H Hirst

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2012-05-16

Total Pages: 162

ISBN-13: 1136492291

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This book explores the implications for the curriculum, for teaching and for the authority structure of schools and colleges of an analysis of ‘education’ in which the development of knowledge and understanding is accorded a central position. The book explains what philosophy of education is, and by concentrating on its central concepts, initiates readers into exploring it for themselves. It also serves as a succinct introduction to the growing literature on philosophy of education in the UK.

Truth-Functional Logic
Truth-Functional Logic

Author: J. A. Faris

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2019-11-04

Total Pages: 134

ISBN-13: 1000735532

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Originally published in 1962. This book gives an account of the concepts and methods of a basic part of logic. In chapter I elementary ideas, including those of truth-functional argument and truth-functional validity, are explained. Chapter II begins with a more comprehensive account of truth-functionality; the leading characteristics of the most important monadic and dyadic truth-functions are described, and the different notations in use are set forth. The main part of the book describes and explains three different methods of testing truth-functional aguments and agument forms for validity: the truthtable method, the deductive method and the method of normal forms; for the benefit mainly of readers who have not acquired in one way or another a general facility in the manipulation of symbols some of the procedures have been described in rather more detail than is common in texts of this kind. In the final chapter the author discusses and rejects the view, based largely on the so called paradoxes of material implication, that truth-functional logic is not applicable in any really important way to arguments of ordinary discourse.

Topics in Modern Logic
Topics in Modern Logic

Author: D. C. Makinson

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2019-11-04

Total Pages: 137

ISBN-13: 1000737063

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Originally published in 1973. This book is directed to the student of philosophy whose background in mathematics is very limited. The author strikes a balance between material of a philosophical and a formal kind, and does this in a way that will bring out the intricate connections between the two. On the formal side, he gives particular care to provide the basic tools from set theory and arithmetic that are needed to study systems of logic, setting out completeness results for two, three, and four valued logic, explaining concepts such as freedom and bondage in quantificational logic, describing the intuitionistic conception of the logical operators, and setting out Zermelo's axiom system for set theory. On the philosophical side, he gives particular attention to such topics as the problem of entailment, the import of the Löwenheim-Skolem theorem, the expressive powers of quantificational logic, the ideas underlying intuitionistic logic, the nature of set theory, and the relationship between logic and set theory. There are exercises within the text, set out alongside the theoretical ideas that they involve.

The Logic of Choice
The Logic of Choice

Author: Gidon Gottlieb

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2019-10-30

Total Pages: 244

ISBN-13: 1000735540

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Originally published in 1968. This is a critical study of the concept of ‘rule’ featuring in law, ethics and much philosophical analysis which the author uses to investigate the concept of ‘rationality’. The author indicates in what manner the modes of reasoning involved in reliance upon rules are unique and in what fashion they provide an alternative both to the modes of logico-mathematical reasoning and to the modes of scientific reasoning. This prepares the groundwork for a methodology meeting the requirements of the fields using rules such as law and ethics which could be significant for communications theory and the use of computers in normative fields. Other substantive issues related to the mainstream of legal philosophy are discussed - theories of interpretation, the notion of purpose and the requirements of principled decision-making. The book utilizes examples drawn from English and American legal decisions to suggest how the positions of legal positivism and of natural law are equally artificial and misleading.

Elementary Formal Logic
Elementary Formal Logic

Author: C. L. Hamblin

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2019-11-04

Total Pages: 142

ISBN-13: 1000737039

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Originally published in 1966. This is a self-instructional course intended for first-year university students who have not had previous acquaintance with Logic. The book deals with "propositional" logic by the truth-table method, briefly introducing axiomatic procedures, and proceeds to the theory of the syllogism, the logic of one-place predicates, and elementary parts of the logic of many-place predicates. Revision material is provided covering the main parts of the course. The course represents from eight to twenty hours work. depending on the student's speed of work and on whether optional chapters are taken.

The Logical Structure of Science
The Logical Structure of Science

Author: A. Cornelius Benjamin

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2019-10-30

Total Pages: 265

ISBN-13: 1000735494

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This book addresses the argument in the history of the philosophy of science between the positivists and the anti-positivists. The author starts from a point of firm conviction that all science and philosophy must start with the given... But that the range of the given is not definite. He begins with an examination of science from the outside and then the inside, explaining his position on metaphysics and attempts to formulate the character of operational acts before a general theory of symbolism is explored. The last five chapters constitute a treatise to show that the development from one stage of symbolismto the next is inevitable, consequently that explanatory science represents the culmination of knowledge.

The Logic of Commands
The Logic of Commands

Author: Nicholas Rescher

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2019-11-04

Total Pages: 163

ISBN-13: 1000736660

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Originally published in 1966. Professor Rescher’s aim is to develop a "logic of commands" in exactly the same general way which standard logic has already developed a "logic of truth-functional statement compounds" or a "logic of quantifiers". The object is to present a tolerably accurate and precise account of the logically relevant facets of a command, to study the nature of "inference" in reasonings involving commands, and above all to establish a viable concept of validity in command inference, so that the logical relationships among commands can be studied with something of the rigour to which one is accustomed in other branches of logic.