Revisiting Inequality
Revisiting Inequality

Author: Achin Chakraborty

Publisher: Taylor & Francis

Published: 2024-06-03

Total Pages: 224

ISBN-13: 104002940X

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This volume discusses the current state of knowledge on the conceptual understanding of inequality. The book poses a range of empirical puzzles in the Indian context and examines inequalities across categories of the region of residence, caste, and sex, using a fascinating range of outcome indicators, comprising education, health, earnings, self-employment, and crime. The empirical chapters of this volume use various large-scale secondary data sources to expose the deep-rooted, structural inequalities in the Indian society. It answers some of the pertinent questions around inequality such as why do the backward regions of India continue to remain backward, both in terms of economic and human development indicators? Why do enterprises owned by backward caste individuals have systematically lower business earnings? Are backward castes and women more likely to face crime when their relative status improves? How do the circumstances that children find given at birth influence their learning outcomes? etc. The book will be of interest to teachers, students, and researchers of economics of education, development studies, development economics, and Indian economics. It will also be useful for policymakers, academicians, and anyone curious to learn about inequality.

Baltimore Revisited
Baltimore Revisited

Author: P. Nicole King

Publisher: Rutgers University Press

Published: 2019-08-09

Total Pages: 379

ISBN-13: 0813594014

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Nicknamed both “Mobtown” and “Charm City” and located on the border of the North and South, Baltimore is a city of contradictions. From media depictions in The Wire to the real-life trial of police officers for the murder of Freddie Gray, Baltimore has become a quintessential example of a struggling American city. Yet the truth about Baltimore is far more complicated—and more fascinating. To help untangle these apparent paradoxes, the editors of Baltimore Revisited have assembled a collection of over thirty experts from inside and outside academia. Together, they reveal that Baltimore has been ground zero for a slew of neoliberal policies, a place where inequality has increased as corporate interests have eagerly privatized public goods and services to maximize profits. But they also uncover how community members resist and reveal a long tradition of Baltimoreans who have fought for social justice. The essays in this collection take readers on a tour through the city’s diverse neighborhoods, from the Lumbee Indian community in East Baltimore to the crusade for environmental justice in South Baltimore. Baltimore Revisited examines the city’s past, reflects upon the city’s present, and envisions the city’s future.

Revisiting Islamic Economics
Revisiting Islamic Economics

Author: Nabil El Maghrebi

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2024-01-21

Total Pages: 392

ISBN-13: 303141134X

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This book discusses the need for a paradigm shift from Islamic economics universe of discourse to Iqtisād, a socio-economic system that is entirely independent from other economic doctrines and systems of thought. It provides an overview of critiques of the science and dogma of mainstream, orthodox, neoclassical, or simply Economics, with its axioms of rationality, scarcity, and unlimited wants. There is also a critical analysis of Islamic economics, and its failures to set its own policy agenda and development objectives. Our contention in this book is that Iqtisād--the Qur’an’s vision of how the economy is to be arranged—provides such a paradigm with a radically different philosophical foundation from that of Economics to the point that makes grafting one onto the other Impossible. Iqtisād offers a genuine and authentic Islamic paradigm with unique etymological and philosophical foundations. It is a unique system that derives its organizing principles from the principal source of the Quran, rather than Economics. The logical coherence of its immutable system of rules compliance, institutional structures, and risk-sharing relations provides the foundations for economic dynamism, financial stability, and shared prosperity. It ensures that resources are efficiently managed, poverty is eradicated, income and wealth mal-distributions are corrected, and the internal sources of economic injustices gripping human societies are eliminated. The Impossibility Theorem proposed in this book implies that, metaphysically, ontologically, epistemologically, axiologically, and teleologically, the two polar cases of Iqtisād and Economics are so radically different to rule out any grafting of one onto the other in order to present an intermediate paradigm with a synthetic discipline called Islamic economics. Given its multidisciplinary contents, this book will be of interest to a wide audience, including economists, policymakers, philosophers, theologians, and jurists, and can guide also free-thinking readers to a clarity of understanding about the conditions of humanity and the imperative of change with a sincerity of purpose and coherence in knowledge.

Inequality and Growth
Inequality and Growth

Author: Theo S. Eicher

Publisher: MIT Press

Published: 2007-01-26

Total Pages: 343

ISBN-13: 0262550644

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Even minute increases in a country's growth rate can result in dramatic changes in living standards over just one generation. The benefits of growth, however, may not be shared equally. Some may gain less than others, and a fraction of the population may actually be disadvantaged. Recent economic research has found both positive and negative relationships between growth and inequality across nations. The questions raised by these results include: What is the impact on inequality of policies designed to foster growth? Does inequality by itself facilitate or detract from economic growth, and does it amplify or diminish policy effectiveness? This book provides a forum for economists to examine the theoretical, empirical, and policy issues involved in the relationship between growth and inequality. The aim is to develop a framework for determining the role of public policy in enhancing both growth and equality. The diverse range of topics, examined in both developed and developing countries, includes natural resources, taxation, fertility, redistribution, technological change, transition, labor markets, and education. A theme common to all the essays is the importance of education in reducing inequality and increasing growth.

The Welfare State Revisited
The Welfare State Revisited

Author: José Antonio Ocampo

Publisher: Columbia University Press

Published: 2018-03-27

Total Pages: 380

ISBN-13: 0231546165

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The welfare state has been under attack for decades, but now more than ever there is a need for strong social protection systems—the best tools we have to combat inequality, support social justice, and even improve economic performance. In this book, José Antonio Ocampo and Joseph E. Stiglitz bring together distinguished contributors to examine the global variations of social programs and make the case for a redesigned twenty-first-century welfare state. The Welfare State Revisited takes on major debates about social well-being, considering the merits of universal versus targeted policies; responses to market failures; integrating welfare and economic development; and how welfare states around the world have changed since the neoliberal turn. Contributors offer prescriptions for how to respond to the demands generated by demographic changes, the changing role of the family, new features of labor markets, the challenges of aging societies, and technological change. They consider how strengthening or weakening social protection programs affects inequality, suggesting ways to facilitate the spread of effective welfare states throughout the world, especially in developing countries. Presenting new insights into the functions the welfare state can fulfill and how to design a more efficient and more equitable system, The Welfare State Revisited is essential reading on the most discussed issues in social welfare today.

Communication, Consumers, and Citizens: Revisiting the Politics of Consumption
Communication, Consumers, and Citizens: Revisiting the Politics of Consumption

Author: Dhavan V. Shah

Publisher: SAGE

Published: 2012-12-04

Total Pages: 297

ISBN-13: 1452275696

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1 Communication, Consumers, and Citizens: Revisiting the Politics of Consumption Dhavan V. Shah, Lewis A. Friedland, Chris Wells, Young Mie Kim, and Hernando Rojas 2 The Personalization of Politics: Political Identity, Social Media, and Changing Patterns of Participation W. Lance Bennett 3 The Politics of Consumer Debt: U.S. State Policy and the Rise of Investment in Consumer Credit, 1920-2008 Louis Hyman 4 Working-Class Cast: Images of the Working Class in Advertising, 1950-2010 Erika L. Paulson and Thomas C. O'Guinn 5 What Does It Mean to Be a Good Citizen? Citizenship Vocabularies as Resources for Action Kjerstin Thorson 6 Sustainable Citizenship and the New Politics of Consumption Michele Micheletti and Dietlind Stolle 7 Political Consumerism and New Forms of Political Participation: The Gruppi di Acquisto Solidale in Italy Paolo R. Graziano and Francesca Forno 8 Gender and Generation in the Social Positioning of Taste Nam-Jin Lee, Christine L. Garlough, Lewis A. Friedland, and Dhavan V. Shah 9 The Shifting Sands of Citizenship: Toward a Model of the Citizenry in Life Politics Young Mie Kim 10 Does Changing a Light Bulb Lead to Changing the World? Political Action and the Conscious Consumer Margaret M. Willis and Juliet B. Schor 11 Buying In to Social Change: How Private Consumption Choices Engender Concern for the Collective Lucy Atkinson 12 From Concerned Shopper to Dutiful Citizen: Implications of Individual and Collective Orientations toward Political Consumerism Melissa R. Gotlieb and Chris Wells 13 Examining Overconsumption, Competitive Consumption, and Conscious Consumption from 1994 to 2004: Disentangling Cohort and Period Effects D. Jasun Carr, Melissa R. Gotlieb, Nam-Jin Lee, and Dhavan V. Shah 14 Constructing Sustainable Consumption: From Ethical Values to the Cultural Transformation of Unsustainable Markets Douglas B. Holt 15 The Civic Consequences of "Going Negative" Attack Ads and Adolescents' Knowledge, Consumption, and Participation Ming Wang, Itay Gabay, and Dhavan V. Shah 16 Between Complacency and Paternalism: Ethical Controversies over Influencing Political and Consumer Choice Thomas Hove 17 Consuming Ourselves to Dearth: Escalating Inequality and Public Opinion Lewis A. Friedland, Hernando Rojas, and Leticia Bode

The Construction and Interpretation of Combined Cross-section and Time-series Inequality Datasets
The Construction and Interpretation of Combined Cross-section and Time-series Inequality Datasets

Author: Joseph F. Francois

Publisher: World Bank Publications

Published: 2005

Total Pages: 67

ISBN-13:

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Abstract: The inequality dataset compiled in the 1990s by the World Bank and extended by the United Nations has been both widely used and strongly criticized. The criticisms raise questions about conclusions drawn from secondary inequality datasets in general. The authors develop techniques to deal with national and international comparability problems intrinsic to such datasets. The result is a new dataset of consistent inequality series, allowing them to explore problems of measurement error. In addition, the new data allow the authors to perform parametric non-linear estimation of Lorenz curves from grouped data. This in turn allows them to estimate the entire income distribution, computing alternative inequality indexes and poverty estimates. Finally, the authors use their broadly comparable dataset to examine international patterns of inequality and poverty.

International Studies in Educational Inequality, Theory and Policy
International Studies in Educational Inequality, Theory and Policy

Author: Richard Teese

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2007-05-18

Total Pages: 981

ISBN-13: 1402059159

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Inequality is a marked and persistent feature of education systems, both in the developed and the developing worlds. Major gaps in opportunity and in outcomes have become more critical than in the past, thanks to the knowledge economy and globalization. The pursuit of equity as a goal of public policy is examined in this book through a series of national case-studies. The book covers many different global contexts from the wealthiest to some of the poorest nations on earth. It therefore offers a broad range of different theoretical and methodological approaches, and brings together extensive international experience in equity policy.

Inequality in the Developing World
Inequality in the Developing World

Author: Carlos Gradín

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2021

Total Pages: 373

ISBN-13: 0198863969

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Inequality has emerged as a key development challenge. It holds implications for economic growth and redistribution and translates into power asymmetries that can endanger human rights, create conflict, and embed social exclusion and chronic poverty. For these reasons, it underpins intense public and academic debates and has become a dominant policy concern within many countries and in all multilateral agencies. It is at the core of the 17 goals of the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. This book contributes to this important discussion by presenting assessments of the measurement and analysis of global inequality by leading inequality scholars, aligning these to comprehensive reviews of inequality trends in five of the world's largest developing countries - Brazil, China, India, Mexico, and South Africa.

Inequality
Inequality

Author: Max Rashbrooke

Publisher: Bridget Williams Books

Published: 2013-06-27

Total Pages: 338

ISBN-13: 1927131510

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The divide between New Zealand’s poorest and wealthiest inhabitants has widened alarmingly over recent decades. Differences in income have grown faster than in most other developed countries. New Zealand society is being reshaped, stretching to accommodate new distance between those who ‘have’ and those who ‘have not’. Income inequality is a crisis that affects us all. A diverse gathering of New Zealand scholars, journalists, researchers, business leaders, workers, students and parents share these pages. Their voices speak to the complex shape of income inequality, and its effects on the communities of these Pacific islands.