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Author: Augustine Nduka Eneanya
Publisher: IGI Global, Information Science Reference
Published: 2020
Total Pages: 0
ISBN-13: 9781799809692
DOWNLOAD EBOOK"This book examines the historical, political, and socio-cultural contexts of social policies and conceptual and theoretical perspectives of social policy. It also explores the issues of income, wealth, and gender inequality at the global, regional and sub-national levels"--
Author: Melissa Kearney
Publisher: Brookings Institution Press
Published: 2014-06-19
Total Pages: 508
ISBN-13: 0815726473
DOWNLOAD EBOOKOne-in-seven adults and one-in-five children in the United States live in poverty. Individuals and families living in povertyÊnot only lack basic, material necessities, but they are also disproportionally afflicted by many social and economic challenges. Some of these challenges include the increased possibility of an unstable home situation, inadequate education opportunities at all levels, and a high chance of crime and victimization. Given this growing social, economic, and political concern, The Hamilton Project at Brookings asked academic experts to develop policy proposals confronting the various challenges of AmericaÕs poorest citizens, and to introduce innovative approaches to addressing poverty.ÊWhen combined, the scope and impact of these proposals has the potential to vastly improve the lives of the poor. The resulting 14 policy memos are included in The Hamilton ProjectÕs Policies to Address Poverty in America. The main areas of focus include promoting early childhood development, supporting disadvantaged youth, building worker skills, and improving safety net and work support.
Author: Eneanya, Augustine Nduka
Publisher: IGI Global
Published: 2020-04-25
Total Pages: 218
ISBN-13: 1799809714
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThe gap between various social classes occurs due to inequality in various social categories arising from lack of opportunities and exclusion from resource distribution due to various attributes of these societal classifications. The social problems of poverty and inequality created by economic uncertainty become a compelling force for states to introduce welfare programs. Reshaping Social Policy to Combat Poverty and Inequality is a critical scholarly publication that delivers extensive coverage of policy practice and a unique emphasis on the broad issues and human dilemmas inherent in the pursuit of social justice. The book further explores how the economic fluctuations and political change interact with shifting social values to shape and re-shape social policies. Highlighting a range of topics such as economics, discrimination, and sustainable development, this book is essential for policymakers, academicians, researchers, social psychologists, sociologists, government officials, and students.
Author: Yusuf Bangura
Publisher: United Nations Publications
Published: 2010
Total Pages: 388
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKPoverty reduction is a central feature of the international development agenda and contemporary poverty reduction strategies increasingly focus on "targeting the poor", yet poverty and inequality remain intractable foes. The report seeks to explain why people are poor and why inequalities exist, As well as what can be done to rectify these injustices. it explores the causes, dynamics and persistence of poverty; examines what works and what has gone wrong in international policy thinking and practice; and lays out a range of policies and institutional measures that countries can adopt to alleviate poverty.
Author: Ms. Valerie Cerra
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Published: 2021-03-12
Total Pages: 54
ISBN-13: 1513572660
DOWNLOAD EBOOKIs there a tradeoff between raising growth and reducing inequality and poverty? This paper reviews the theoretical and empirical literature on the complex links between growth, inequality, and poverty, with causation going in both directions. The evidence suggests that growth can be effective in reducing poverty, but its impact on inequality is ambiguous and depends on the underlying sources of growth. The impact of poverty and inequality on growth is likewise ambiguous, as several channels mediate the relationship. But most plausible mechanisms suggest that poverty and inequality reduce growth, at least in the long run. Policies play a role in shaping these relationships and those designed to improve equality of opportunity can simultaneously improve inclusiveness and growth.
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
Published: 2019-09-16
Total Pages: 619
ISBN-13: 0309483980
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThe strengths and abilities children develop from infancy through adolescence are crucial for their physical, emotional, and cognitive growth, which in turn help them to achieve success in school and to become responsible, economically self-sufficient, and healthy adults. Capable, responsible, and healthy adults are clearly the foundation of a well-functioning and prosperous society, yet America's future is not as secure as it could be because millions of American children live in families with incomes below the poverty line. A wealth of evidence suggests that a lack of adequate economic resources for families with children compromises these children's ability to grow and achieve adult success, hurting them and the broader society. A Roadmap to Reducing Child Poverty reviews the research on linkages between child poverty and child well-being, and analyzes the poverty-reducing effects of major assistance programs directed at children and families. This report also provides policy and program recommendations for reducing the number of children living in poverty in the United States by half within 10 years.
Author: David Brady
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Published: 2016
Total Pages: 937
ISBN-13: 0199914052
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThe Oxford Handbook of the Social Science of Poverty builds a common scholarly ground in the study of poverty by bringing together an international, inter-disciplinary group of scholars to provide their perspectives on the issue. Contributors engage in discussions about the leading theories and conceptual debates regarding poverty, the most salient topics in poverty research, and the far-reaching consequences of poverty on the individual and societal level.
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
Published: 2017-04-27
Total Pages: 583
ISBN-13: 0309452961
DOWNLOAD EBOOKIn the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
Published: 2013-04-12
Total Pages: 421
ISBN-13: 0309264146
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThe United States is among the wealthiest nations in the world, but it is far from the healthiest. Although life expectancy and survival rates in the United States have improved dramatically over the past century, Americans live shorter lives and experience more injuries and illnesses than people in other high-income countries. The U.S. health disadvantage cannot be attributed solely to the adverse health status of racial or ethnic minorities or poor people: even highly advantaged Americans are in worse health than their counterparts in other, "peer" countries. In light of the new and growing evidence about the U.S. health disadvantage, the National Institutes of Health asked the National Research Council (NRC) and the Institute of Medicine (IOM) to convene a panel of experts to study the issue. The Panel on Understanding Cross-National Health Differences Among High-Income Countries examined whether the U.S. health disadvantage exists across the life span, considered potential explanations, and assessed the larger implications of the findings. U.S. Health in International Perspective presents detailed evidence on the issue, explores the possible explanations for the shorter and less healthy lives of Americans than those of people in comparable countries, and recommends actions by both government and nongovernment agencies and organizations to address the U.S. health disadvantage.
Author: Ms.Era Dabla-Norris
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Published: 2015-06-15
Total Pages: 39
ISBN-13: 1513547437
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis paper analyzes the extent of income inequality from a global perspective, its drivers, and what to do about it. The drivers of inequality vary widely amongst countries, with some common drivers being the skill premium associated with technical change and globalization, weakening protection for labor, and lack of financial inclusion in developing countries. We find that increasing the income share of the poor and the middle class actually increases growth while a rising income share of the top 20 percent results in lower growth—that is, when the rich get richer, benefits do not trickle down. This suggests that policies need to be country specific but should focus on raising the income share of the poor, and ensuring there is no hollowing out of the middle class. To tackle inequality, financial inclusion is imperative in emerging and developing countries while in advanced economies, policies should focus on raising human capital and skills and making tax systems more progressive.
