Seminar paper from the year 2018 in the subject Film Science, grade: 1,3, Technical University of Munich, language: English, abstract: Cartoon films nowadays look incredibly realistic, compared to movies produced twenty years ago. To make something that was computer generated look realistic is not an easy task. This short paper discusses how animated movies are rendered and which techniques exist. The general rendering pipeline will be explained and real time rasterization will be compared to the REYES algorithm used in movie production. Ray tracing, its extensions, problems and current solutions will be discussed in detail. Finally, hybrid rendering systems and the performance of rendering systems over the years will be discussed in this state-of-the-art report. The performance of the various rendering techniques is also highlighted and the differences between them are shown.
What Is Computer Generated Imagery The use of computer graphics to create or contribute to images in works of art, printed media, video games, simulators, computer animation, and visual effects in motion pictures, television programs, shorts, commercials, and videos is referred to as computer-generated imagery (also abbreviated as CGI). Although the word "CGI" is most generally used to refer to the 3-D computer graphics used for producing characters, scenes, and special effects in films and television, which is defined as "CGI animation," the pictures may be dynamic or static, and they may be two-dimensional (2D). How You Will Benefit (I) Insights, and validations about the following topics: Chapter 1: Computer-generated imagery Chapter 2: Computer animation Chapter 3: Digital art Chapter 4: Autodesk 3ds Max Chapter 5: Visual effects Chapter 6: Scientific visualization Chapter 7: Visualization (graphics) Chapter 8: Non-photorealistic rendering Chapter 9: Real-time computer graphics Chapter 10: Virtual cinematography Chapter 11: 3D rendering Chapter 12: 3D computer graphics Chapter 13: Projection augmented model Chapter 14: Computer graphics (computer science) Chapter 15: Computer graphics Chapter 16: Fractal-generating software Chapter 17: List of 3D computer graphics software Chapter 18: History of computer animation Chapter 19: 3D modeling Chapter 20: Visual computing Chapter 21: Virtual humans (II) Answering the public top questions about computer generated imagery. (III) Real world examples for the usage of computer generated imagery in many fields. (IV) 17 appendices to explain, briefly, 266 emerging technologies in each industry to have 360-degree full understanding of computer generated imagery' technologies. Who This Book Is For Professionals, undergraduate and graduate students, enthusiasts, hobbyists, and those who want to go beyond basic knowledge or information for any kind of computer generated imagery.
As an introduction to the basics of computer graphics, the approach here focusses on the four main concepts: modeling, rendering, animation, and image manipulation. The authors provide a "learning-by-doing" environment, comprising plenty of hands-on exercises and software. The graphics library provided with the book helps simplify the programming required of readers whilst providing a robust platform for experimentation. Exercises at the end of each chapter illustrate the principles covered.
Realistically animated 3D computer graphics rendered in real time is a goal of the computer animation industry. Tomas Mˆller and Eric Haines provide a text that covers the development of real-time rendering for use in computer games, computer-animated movies, advertising, and other applications. The authors have written the book that they wish they had when they started out. Focusing on the entire graphics pipeline, this book covers optimization, visual appearance, speed-up techniques, and collision detection. The authors present new techniques and time-tested algorithms. Entire sections are devoted to special effects, polygon tessellation, and model simplification. A large section on hardware ends the book. Copious references, mathematical appendices, reading recommendations, and a dedicated web site for additional resources make this book an indispensable guide to this rapidly evolving field.The Graphics Rendering Pipeline; Transforms; Visual Appearance; Texturing; Special Effects; Speed-Up Techniques; Pipeline Optimization; Polygonal Techniques; Intersection Test Methods; Collision Detection; Graphics Hardware; The Future; Some Linear Algebra; Trigonometry Second Edition now available.
Computer Graphics from Scratch demystifies the algorithms used in modern graphics software and guides beginners through building photorealistic 3D renders. Computer graphics programming books are often math-heavy and intimidating for newcomers. Not this one. Computer Graphics from Scratch takes a simpler approach by keeping the math to a minimum and focusing on only one aspect of computer graphics, 3D rendering. You’ll build two complete, fully functional renderers: a raytracer, which simulates rays of light as they bounce off objects, and a rasterizer, which converts 3D models into 2D pixels. As you progress you’ll learn how to create realistic reflections and shadows, and how to render a scene from any point of view. Pseudocode examples throughout make it easy to write your renderers in any language, and links to live JavaScript demos of each algorithm invite you to explore further on your own. Learn how to: Use perspective projection to draw 3D objects on a 2D plane Simulate the way rays of light interact with surfaces Add mirror-like reflections and cast shadows to objects Render a scene from any camera position using clipping planes Use flat, Gouraud, and Phong shading to mimic real surface lighting Paint texture details onto basic shapes to create realistic-looking objects Whether you’re an aspiring graphics engineer or a novice programmer curious about how graphics algorithms work, Gabriel Gambetta’s simple, clear explanations will quickly put computer graphics concepts and rendering techniques within your reach. All you need is basic coding knowledge and high school math. Computer Graphics from Scratch will cover the rest.
The ubiquity of computer-generated imagery around us, in movies, advertising or on the Internet is already being taken for granted and what impresses most people is the photorealistic quality of the images. Pictures, as we have often been told, are worth a thousand words and the information transported by an image can take many different forms. Man
Master the art of computer animation and visual effects production with the latest edition of this cutting-edge guide This remarkable edition of The Art of 3D Computer Animation and Effects offers clear, step-by-step guidelines for the entire process of creating a fully rendered 3D computer animation. With up-to-date coverage of the latest computer animation styles and techniques, this versatile guide provides insightful information for creating animations and visual effects—from creative development and preproduction to finished animation. Designed to work with any computer platform, this Fourth Edition cuts through technical jargon and presents numerous easy-to-understand instructive diagrams. Full-color examples are presented—including VFX and animated feature movies, games, and TV commercials—by such leading companies as Blue Sky, Blur, BUF, Disney, DreamWorks, Electronic Arts, Framestore, ILM, Imagi, Microsoft, Mac Guff, The Mill, Menfond, Pixar, Polygon, Rhythm & Hues, Sony Imageworks, Tippett, Ubisoft, and Weta, and many other studios and groundbreaking independent artists from around the world. This fully revised edition features new material on the latest visual effects techniques, a useful update of the traditional principles of animation, practical information on creative development, multiple production pipeline ideas for shorts and visual effects, plus updated information on current production trends and techniques in animation, rendering, modeling, rigging, and compositing. Whether you are a student, an independent artist or creator, or a production company team member, The Art of 3D Computer Animation and Effects, Fourth Edition gives you a broad palette of tips and techniques for bringing your visions to life through 3D computer animation. Unique focus on creative development and production issues Non-platform specific, with multiple examples illustrated in a practical, step-by-step approach The newest computer animation techniques, including facial animation, image-based and non-photorealistic rendering, model rigging, real-time models, and 2D/3D integration Over 700 full-color images Encyclopedic timeline and production pipelines
The Key to Fully Understanding the Basics of a 3D WorldProminently used in games, movies, and on television, 3D graphics are tools of creation used to enhance how material and light come together to manipulate objects in 3D space. A game-changer written for the non-technical mind, Essential Skills for 3D Modeling, Rendering, and Animation examines
Thoroughly revised, this third edition focuses on modern techniques used to generate synthetic three-dimensional images in a fraction of a second. With the advent of programmable shaders, a wide variety of new algorithms have arisen and evolved over the past few years. This edition discusses current, practical rendering methods used in games and other applications. It also presents a solid theoretical framework and relevant mathematics for the field of interactive computer graphics, all in an approachable style. The authors have made the figures used in the book available for download for fair use.:Download Figures. Reviews Rendering has been a required reference for professional graphics practitioners for nearly a decade. This latest edition is as relevant as ever, covering topics from essential mathematical foundations to advanced techniques used by today’s cutting edge games. -- Gabe Newell, President, Valve, May 2008 Rendering ... has been completely revised and revamped for its updated third edition, which focuses on modern techniques used to generate three-dimensional images in a fraction of the time old processes took. From practical rendering for games to math and details for better interactive applications, it's not to be missed. -- The Bookwatch, November 2008 You'll get brilliantly lucid explanations of concepts like vertex morphing and variance shadow mapping—as well as a new respect for the incredible craftsmanship that goes into today's PC games. -- Logan Decker, PC Gamer Magazine , February 2009
