Justice and Justification

Justice and Justification

Author: Norman Daniels

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 1996-09-28

Total Pages: 388

ISBN-13: 9780521467117

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We all have beliefs, even strong convictions, about what is just and fair in our social arrangements. How should these beliefs and the theories of justice that incorporate them guide our thinking about practical matters of justice? This wide-ranging collection of essays by one of the foremost medical ethicists in the United States explores the claim that justification in ethics, whether concerning matters of theory or practice, involves achieving coherence or "reflective equilibrium" (as Rawls has called it) between our moral and nonmoral beliefs. Among the practical issues the volume addresses are the design of health-care institutions, the distribution of goods between the old and the young, and fairness in hiring and firing practices. In combining ethical theory and practical ethics this volume will prove especially valuable to philosophers concerned with ethics and applied ethics, political theorists, bioethicists, and others involved in the study of public policy.


The Oxford Handbook of Philosophical Methodology

The Oxford Handbook of Philosophical Methodology

Author: Herman Cappelen

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2016

Total Pages: 769

ISBN-13: 0199668779

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This is the most comprehensive book ever published on philosophical methodology. A team of thirty-eight of the world's leading philosophers present original essays on various aspects of how philosophy should be and is done. The first part is devoted to broad traditions and approaches to philosophical methodology (including logical empiricism, phenomenology, and ordinary language philosophy). The entries in the second part address topics in philosophical methodology, such as intuitions, conceptual analysis, and transcendental arguments. The third part of the book is devoted to essays about the interconnections between philosophy and neighbouring fields, including those of mathematics, psychology, literature and film, and neuroscience.


Reflective Equilibrium and the Principles of Logical Analysis

Reflective Equilibrium and the Principles of Logical Analysis

Author: Jaroslav Peregrin

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2017-02-10

Total Pages: 193

ISBN-13: 1315453916

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This book offers a comprehensive account of logic that addresses fundamental issues concerning the nature and foundations of the discipline. The authors claim that these foundations can not only be established without the need for strong metaphysical assumptions, but also without hypostasizing logical forms as specific entities. They present a systematic argument that the primary subject matter of logic is our linguistic interaction rather than our private reasoning and it is thus misleading to see logic as revealing "the laws of thought". In this sense, fundamental logical laws are implicit to our "language games" and are thus more similar to social norms than to the laws of nature. Peregrin and Svoboda also show that logical theories, despite the fact that they rely on rules implicit to our actual linguistic practice, firm up these rules and make them explicit. By carefully scrutinizing the project of logical analysis, the authors demonstrate that logical rules can be best seen as products of the so called reflective equilibrium. They suggest that we can profit from viewing languages as "inferential landscapes" and logicians as "geographers" who map them and try to pave safe routes through them. This book is an essential resource for scholars and researchers engaged with the foundations of logical theories and the philosophy of language.


Moral Knowledge

Moral Knowledge

Author: Sarah McGrath

Publisher:

Published: 2019

Total Pages: 229

ISBN-13: 0198805411

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How fragile is our knowledge of morality, compared to other kinds of knowledge? Does knowledge of the difference between right and wrong fundamentally differ from knowledge of other kinds? Sarah McGrath offers new answers to these questions as she explores the possibilities, sources and characteristic vulnerabilities of moral knowledge.


A Theory of Justice

A Theory of Justice

Author: John RAWLS

Publisher: Harvard University Press

Published: 2009-06-30

Total Pages: 624

ISBN-13: 0674042603

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Though the revised edition of A Theory of Justice, published in 1999, is the definitive statement of Rawls's view, so much of the extensive literature on Rawls's theory refers to the first edition. This reissue makes the first edition once again available for scholars and serious students of Rawls's work.


Methods in Analytical Political Theory

Methods in Analytical Political Theory

Author: Adrian Blau

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2017-05-18

Total Pages: 347

ISBN-13: 1107098793

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A guide to methods in analytical political theory, offering concrete advice and clear examples of good and bad practice.


Reflective Equilibrium

Reflective Equilibrium

Author: Wibren van der Burg

Publisher: Springer

Published: 1998-10-01

Total Pages: 310

ISBN-13: 9780792353041

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Robert Heeger has been professor of ethics at Utrecht University since 1977, both at the Faculty of Theology and at the Faculty of Philosophy. Since 1985, he has also been teaching at the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine. Before he came to Utrecht, he bad worked at Uppsala University for many years. He has always stayed in close contact with bis Swedish colleagues, and twice he was a visiting professor at Uppsala University. With bis eastern-German background, bis roots partly in Russia, bis thesis on the Italian philosopher Gramsei and bis interest in Anglo-American analytical philosophy he has a broad international orientation. It is no wonder, therefore, that he always feit much at home in the Societas Ethica, the European Society for Research in Ethics, which he served as its president from 1991 to 1995. Robert Heeger is primarily a teacher and excels as a discussion partner. With bis sharp analytical mind and bis great intellectual curiosity he not only exposes critically the weak points in an argument, but often also brings up creative suggestions to improve it. Thus he has greatly influenced bis many students (he co-supervised fourteen doctoral theses) and bis colleagues, bothin the Netherlands and abroad. Moreover, he was one of the first moral philosophers in the Netherlands, and even in Europe, to be involved in environmental ethics and in animal and veterinary ethics.


Applying Reflective Equilibrium

Applying Reflective Equilibrium

Author: Tanja Rechnitzer

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2022-07-01

Total Pages: 276

ISBN-13: 3031043332

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This open access book provides the first explicit case study for an application of the method of reflective equilibrium (RE), using it to develop and defend a precautionary principle. It thereby makes an important and original contribution to questions of philosophical method and methodology. The book shows step-by-step how RE is applied, and develops a methodological framework which will be useful for everyone who wishes to use reflective equilibrium. With respect to precautionary principles, the book demonstrates how a rights-based precautionary principle can be constructed and defended. The case study succeeds in demonstrating that RE can be successfully applied and puts real constraints on the justification process. This is all the more remarkable as the case study was designed as an open-ended process, without presupposing any specific results. This book will be highly relevant both to people interested in philosophical methodology and epistemology, as well as to researchers who are interested in using philosophical methods and tools and applying them to practical problems.


Disadvantage

Disadvantage

Author: Jonathan Wolff

Publisher: Oxford University Press on Demand

Published: 2007-04-26

Total Pages: 244

ISBN-13: 0199278261

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The authors combine a philosophical analysis of the idea of disadvantage with proposals for moving society in the discretion of equality, by 'declustering disadvantage'. The book will help political philosophers, social policy theorists, and practitioners involved in the design and delivery of actual social policy.


Ethical Intuitionism

Ethical Intuitionism

Author: M. Huemer

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2007-12-14

Total Pages: 331

ISBN-13: 023059705X

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A defence of ethical intuitionism where (i) there are objective moral truths; (ii) we know these through an immediate, intellectual awareness, or 'intuition'; and (iii) knowing them gives us reasons to act independent of our desires. The author rebuts the major objections to this theory and shows the difficulties in alternative theories of ethics.