Finite-time thermodynamics (FTT) is one of the newest and most challenging areas in thermodynamics. The objective of this book is to provide results from research, which continues at an impressive rate. The authors make a concentrated effort to reach out and encourage academic and industrial participation in this book and to select papers that are relevant to current problems and practice. The numerous contributions from the international community are indicative of the continuing global interest in finite-time thermodynamics. All represent the newest developments in their respective areas.
Over 170 years ago, Sadi Carnot, a French engineer, published his famous article "Reflections on the motive power of fire" and established a new field of science: classical thermodynamics. Since 1985, the scholars in the Naval University of Engineering (from 1949 to 1998) have been making the research work in the field of finite time thermodynamics. This multi-authored book deals with the recent advances of finite time thermodynamics in the Naval University of Engineering. It illustrates how the gap between thermodynamics, heat transfer, and fluid mechanics is bridged. It also illustrates how the gap between physics and engineering is bridged. The readers should find the papers informative and useful for analysis and design of thermodynamic systems with improved performance. The authors hope that this collection of work devoted to finite thermodynamics will provide encouragement for further research in the field.
This book addresses the concept and applications of Finite Time Thermodynamics to various thermal energy conversion systems including heat engines, heat pumps, and refrigeration and air-conditioning systems. The book is the first of its kind, presenting detailed analytical formulations for the design and optimisation of various power producing and cooling cycles including but not limited to: • Vapour power cycles • Gas power cycles • Vapour compression cycles • Vapour absorption cycles • Rankine cycle coupled refrigeration systems Further, the book addresses the thermoeconomic analysis for the optimisation of thermal cycles, an important field of study in the present age and which is characterised by multi-objective optimization regarding energy, ecology, the environment and economics. Lastly, the book provides the readers with key techniques associated with Finite Time Thermodynamics, allowing them to understand the relevance of irreversibilities associated with real processes and the scientific reasons for deviations from ideal performance. The book is aimed at a broad readership, and offers a valuable reference book for graduate students, scholars and professionals working in the areas of thermal science and engineering.
The theory around the concept of finite time describes how processes of any nature can be optimized in situations when their rate is required to be non-negligible, i.e., they must come to completion in a finite time. What the theory makes explicit is "the cost of haste". Intuitively, it is quite obvious that you drive your car differently if you want to reach your destination as quickly as possible as opposed to the case when you are running out of gas. Finite-time thermodynamics quantifies such opposing requirements and may provide the optimal control to achieve the best compromise. The theory was initially developed for heat engines (steam, Otto, Stirling, a.o.) and for refrigerators, but it has by now evolved into essentially all areas of dynamic systems from the most abstract ones to the most practical ones. The present collection shows some fascinating current examples.
Modelling, Assessment, and Optimization of Energy Systems provides comprehensive methodologies for the thermal modelling of energy systems based on thermodynamic, exergoeconomic and exergoenviromental approaches. It provides advanced analytical approaches, assessment criteria and the methodologies to obtain analytical expressions from the experimental data. The concept of single-objective and multi-objective optimization with application to energy systems is provided, along with decision-making tools for multi-objective problems, multi-criteria problems, for simplifying the optimization of large energy systems, and for exergoeconomic improvement integrated with a simulator EIS method. This book provides a comprehensive methodology for modeling, assessment, improvement of any energy system with guidance, and practical examples that provide detailed insights for energy engineering, mechanical engineering, chemical engineering and researchers in the field of analysis and optimization of energy systems. - Offers comprehensive analytical tools for the modeling and simulation of energy systems with applications for decision-making tools - Provides methodologies to obtain analytical models of energy systems for experimental data - Covers decision-making tools in multi-objective problems
Due to the rapid advances in computer technology, intelligent computer software and multimedia have become essential parts of engineering education. Software integration with various media such as graphics, sound, video and animation is providing efficient tools for teaching and learning. A modern textbook should contain both the basic theory and principles, along with an updated pedagogy. Often traditional engineering thermodynamics courses are devoted only to analysis, with the expectation that students will be introduced later to relevant design considerations and concepts. Cycle analysis is logically and traditionally the focus of applied thermodynamics. Type and quantity are constrained, however, by the computational efforts required. The ability for students to approach realistic complexity is limited. Even analyses based upon grossly simplified cycle models can be computationally taxing, with limited educational benefits. Computerised look-up tables reduce computational labour somewhat, but modelling cycles with many interactive loops can lie well outside the limits of student and faculty time budgets. The need for more design content in thermodynamics books is well documented by industry and educational oversight bodies such as ABET (Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology). Today, thermodynamic systems and cycles are fertile ground for engineering design. For example, niches exist for innovative power generation systems due to deregulation, co-generation, unstable fuel costs and concern for global warming. Professor Kenneth Forbus of the computer science and education department at Northwestern University has developed ideal intelligent computer software for thermodynamic students called CyclePad. CyclePad is a cognitive engineering software. It creates a virtual laboratory where students can efficiently learn the concepts of thermodynamics, and allows systems to be analyzed and designed in a simulated, interactive computer aided design environment. The software guides students through a design process and is able to provide explanations for results and to coach students in improving designs. Like a professor or senior engineer, CyclePad knows the laws of thermodynamics and how to apply them. If the user makes an error in design, the program is able to remind the user of essential principles or design steps that may have been overlooked. If more help is needed, the program can provide a documented, case study that recounts how engineers have resolved similar problems in real life situations. CyclePad eliminates the tedium of learning to apply thermodynamics, and relates what the user sees on the computer screen to the design of actual systems. This integrated, engineering textbook is the result of fourteen semesters of CyclePad usage and evaluation of a course designed to exploit the power of the software, and to chart a path that truly integrates the computer with education. The primary aim is to give students a thorough grounding in both the theory and practice of thermodynamics. The coverage is compact without sacrificing necessary theoretical rigor. Emphasis throughout is on the applications of the theory to actual processes and power cycles. This book will help educators in their effort to enhance education through the effective use of intelligent computer software and computer assisted course work.
This reference illustrates the efficacy of CyclePad software for enhanced simulation of thermodynamic devices and cycles. It improves thermodynamic studies by reducing calculation time, ensuring design accuracy, and allowing for case-specific analyses. Offering a wide-range of pedagogical aids, chapter summaries, review problems, and worked example
This book and the accompanying computer software are intended to enhance and streamline the study of the field of thermodynamics. The package is design and problem-solving oriented. Released from the drain of repetitive and iterative hand calculation, students can be led to a far wider and deeper study than has been possible previously.
Thermodynamic Approaches in Engineering Systems responds to the need for a synthesizing volume that throws light upon the extensive field of thermodynamics from a chemical engineering perspective that applies basic ideas and key results from the field to chemical engineering problems. This book outlines and interprets the most valuable achievements in applied non-equilibrium thermodynamics obtained within the recent fifty years. It synthesizes nontrivial achievements of thermodynamics in important branches of chemical and biochemical engineering. Readers will gain an update on what has been achieved, what new research problems could be stated, and what kind of further studies should be developed within specialized research. - Presents clearly structured chapters beginning with an introduction, elaboration of the process, and results summarized in a conclusion - Written by a first-class expert in the field of advanced methods in thermodynamics - Provides a synthesis of recent thermodynamic developments in practical systems - Presents very elaborate literature discussions from the past fifty years
Complexity and Complex Chemo-Electric Systems presents an analysis and synthesis of chemo-electric systems, providing insights on transports in electrolytes, electrode reactions, electrocatalysis, electrochemical membranes, and various aspects of heterogeneous systems and electrochemical engineering. The book describes the properties of complexity and complex chemo-electric systems as the consequence of formulations, definitions, tools, solutions and results that are often consistent with the best performance of the system. The book handles cybernetics, systems theory and advanced contemporary techniques such as optimal control, neural networks and stochastic optimizations (adaptive random search, genetic algorithms, and simulated annealing). A brief part of the book is devoted to issues such as various definitions of complexity, hierarchical structures, self-organization examples, special references, and historical issues. This resource complements Sieniutycz' recently published book, Complexity and Complex Thermodynamic Systems, with its inclusion of complex chemo-electric systems in which complexities, emergent properties and self-organization play essential roles. - Covers the theory and applications of complex chemo-electric systems through modeling, analysis, synthesis and optimization - Provides a clear presentation of the applications of transport theory to electrolyte solutions, heterogeneous electrochemical systems, membranes, electro-kinetic phenomena and interface processes - Includes numerous explanatory graphs and drawings that illustrate the properties and complexities in complex chemo-electric systems - Written by an experienced expert in the field of advanced methods in thermodynamics and related aspects of macroscopic physics
