This paper examines the trade-offs in launching new real estate funds, specifically open-end, direct-property funds. This investment vehicle, which is designed to provide the risk-return benefits of private market real estate, is available to retail investors in a number of countries. At the same time, these funds are also subject to liquidity risk, because they hold an inherently illiquid asset in an open-end structure. This format presents fund-family managers with unique challenges, particularly with the decision to open new funds. The data consists of 2,127 German fund openings across 76 fund families in 12 asset classes over the 1992-2010 period. Including a wide range of asset classes allows for a comparison between real estate and other investment objectives. We find a substantial cannibalization effect across the existing real estate funds of a family, while we note the opposite effect - i.e., flows into existing funds increase following a fund opening within the same objective - for all other asset classes. Our analysis of fund opening determinants shows that inflows mitigate the cannibalization risk for new real estate funds. Additional evidence highlights the role of scale and scope economies in real estate fund openings. Overall, the results provide new insights into the relatively large size and small number of real estate funds when compared to mutual funds dedicated to other investment objectives.
In this book, experts discuss how German real estate values have remained stable throughout the financial crisis, even though transaction volumes have been very volatile since 2005. Consequently, risk-averse national and international investors have started to invest in virtually all German real estate asset classes. This book tries to answer what has made the German real estate markets more resilient to shocks than many European real estate markets by analyzing the economic, regulatory and demographic environment. In 30 well-structured chapters, experts from both the academic and professional world analyze structural and current issues of German real estate markets. Readers will get a deep understanding of what makes the German real estate market special and where potential opportunities and threats in Europe’s largest real estate market exist.
ESSENTIAL COVERGAGE OF THE COMMERICAL REAL ESTATE MARKET AND HOW TO MAKE IT WORK FOR YOU The one-stop guide to making money from buying, managing, and owning commercial real estate, Wealth Opportunities in commercial real Estate is the comprehensive resource you need in order to take full advantage of the market, whether you're just starting out or an old hand. Including industry case studies and expert advice from real estate expert Gary Grabel, the book teaches you the fundamentals-including how to evaluate a potential property and how to create value even before you buy-that other books leave out. Commercial real estate investing is an excellent, and highly profitable, investment choice for those with the right perspective and the patience to see their decision through. But to really succeed, it is essential to have a firm grasp of the basics of the real estate game before you get started. if you think you're ready, then this book is your first step.
The Asset Management Handbook is divided into three phases. Chapters 1 through 3 are conceptual introductions. Chapters 4, 5, 6 and 7 get into the "meat" of the policies and techniques of evaluating the capital needs of your property over the next 40 years. Chapters 8 and 9 help you identify which properties are doing well and which are the most threatened. What action should you take? What are the standard preservation and rejuvenation options available to a real estate portfolio manager? What is Asset Management? People are more accustomed to thinking about asset management of money or stocks or a package of annuity and savings accounts. Real estate asset management is a slower, longer term process. The properties in your portfolio, especially in affordable housing, have life cycles of 30, 40 or infinite time periods. Most nonprofit owners are not interested in selling to capture any appreciation on their properties. Their goal is to provide housing for the foreseeable future as long as the asset can perform. Many nonprofits and mid size property owners do not have a dedicated asset manager. It is extraordinarily important that someone take on that long-term analysis, be it for 10%, 25% or 50% of a full time employee. The next step is to benchmark your properties. How are you doing compared to the world? Not just on straight bottom line consideration, but how about in human services? Have you saved sufficient money to replace the roof or add the sprinklers that will be required at the next renovation? The Asset Management Handbook provides well-established objective criteria for 25 different variables. We've seen participants in the asset management practicum expand that up to 40 variables to analyze on an annual basis. We'll see how benchmarking and risk ranking of your portfolio are essential first steps in establishing its viability and needs. Capital Needs and Their Funds. In this "meat" of the manual, we walk you through essential policies that define how your properties will operate over the long term. We show how policies made by lenders, bankers and other short term partners can be self destructive and damaging to property owners holding for the long term. First example of the dichotomy, the lender is suggesting the reserve is sufficient when two years after their loan matures, the property will require $4 million of replacement expenditures. This is fine for investment property held for resale. You just flip it and get down the road. Most affordable housing owners do not consider selling the property as a positive outcome. Even if you've never performed a property inspection before, the Handbook offers you easy methods of counting and sorting components into well established remaining economic lives Then it is on to the massive spreadsheet that calculates the future need and the various waves in which it will appear. Exterior paint first, then roofs, windows and doors, and kitchens and baths follow and then it starts all over again. Most capital needs assessments performed by third parties make financial assumptions that are untenable. Their interest rates on earnings are overstated and their inflation rate on the components are generally understated leaving you with significant shortfalls, even if you have escrowed according to directions. We will keep you out of that trap, showing you the realistic funds that are required and the time periods when the inevitable refinancing windows will occur. Risk and Solutions. In the final section, we evaluate your primary risks. Which properties should you address first? Which properties have the strength and energy to function on their own? Then what should you do about it? Refinance? Renegotiate? Value engineer? Raise rents? In the foot race, the runner is always caught by the tsunami of required replacements. It is just a fact of the business that every 20 to 30 years you've got to re-invest a significant amount of money
An insightful examination of the political and economic ties between China and Latin America from the 1950s to the present This book explores the impact of Chinese growth on Latin America since the early 2000s. Some twenty years ago, Chinese entrepreneurs headed to the Western Hemisphere in search of profits and commodities, specifically those that China lacked and that some Latin American countries held in abundance--copper, iron ore, crude oil, and soybeans. Focusing largely on Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Costa Rica, Mexico, and Peru, Carol Wise traces the evolution of political and economic ties between China and these countries and analyzes how success has varied by sector, project, and country. She also assesses the costs and benefits of Latin America's recent pivot toward Asia. Wise argues that while opportunities for closer economic integration with China are seemingly infinite, so are the risks. She contends that the best outcomes have stemmed from endeavors where the rule of law, regulatory oversight, and a clear strategy exist on the Latin American side.
This work focuses on integrating land-use location science with the technology of geographic information systems (GIS). The text describes the basic principles of location decision and the means for applying them in order to improve the real estate decision.
This book will teach you how to: • Achieve wealth and cash flow through real estate • Find property with real potential • Show you how to unlock the myths that are holding you back • Negotiating the deal based on the numbers • Evaluate property and purchase price • Increase your income through proven property management tools
The book is designed to be the primary reader in the capstone strategic management course. It can be used in undergraduate or graduate courses, although the style fits the undergraduate market best. Its distinctive features include: Positioned between theory and practice Text concepts are aligned with 25 case analysis steps; no separate section on "how to analyze a case" Very readable; appropriate for undergraduate or graduate courses, although other readings, cases, simulations, etc. are typically required at the graduate level Global orientation Real time cases Numerous current examples, largely drawn from the Wall Street Journal and Financial Times 3e has already been updated considerably Options for changes in an upcoming edition include cases (real time and/or traditional), providing ongoing updates or commentaries to adopters, and current issue debate boxes in the chapters
Prepare for success on the 2022 CFA Level I exam with the latest official CFA® Program Curriculum. The 2022 CFA Program Curriculum Level I Box Set contains all the material you need to succeed on the Level I CFA exam in 2022. This set includes the full official curriculum for Level I and is part of the larger CFA Candidate Body of Knowledge (CBOK). Highly visual and intuitively organized, this box set allows you to: Learn from financial thought leaders. Access market-relevant instruction. Gain critical knowledge and skills. The set also includes practice questions to assist with your recall of key terms, concepts, and formulas. Perfect for anyone preparing for the 2022 Level I CFA exam, the 2022 CFA Program Curriculum Level I Box Set is a must-have resource for those seeking the foundational skills required to become a Chartered Financial Analyst®.
