Radicalization

Radicalization

Author: Farhad Khosrokhavar

Publisher: New Press, The

Published: 2017-01-03

Total Pages: 130

ISBN-13: 1620972697

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In the wake of the Paris, Beirut, and San Bernardino terrorist attacks, fears over “homegrown terrorism” have surfaced to a degree not seen since September 11, 2001—especially following the news that all of the perpetrators in Paris were European citizens. A sought-after commentator in France and a widely respected international scholar of radical Islam, Farhad Khosrokhavar has spent years studying the path towards radicalization, focusing particularly on the key role of prisons—based on interviews with dozens of Islamic radicals—as incubators of a particular brand of outrage that has yielded so many attacks over the past decade. Khosrokhavar argues that the root problem of radicalization is not a particular ideology but rather a set of steps that young men and women follow, steps he distills clearly in this deeply researched account, one that spans both Europe and the United States. With insights that apply equally to far-right terrorists and Islamic radicals, Khosrokhavar argues that our security-focused solutions are pruning the branches rather than attacking the roots—which lie in the breakdown of social institutions, the expansion of prisons, and the rise of joblessness, which create disaffected communities with a sharp sense of grievance against the mainstream.


Expressions of Radicalization

Expressions of Radicalization

Author: Kristian Steiner

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2017-12-15

Total Pages: 376

ISBN-13: 3319655663

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This edited collection considers whether it is possible to discern how the level of ideology is affected by radicalization. In other words: what happens in the minds of people before they decide to use political violence as means to attain their goals? Also this book asks: what has to happen in the minds of people in order to preclude them from using political violence as a way of attaining their goals? This volume unites scholars from several disciplines and perspectives from a number of different geographical, social and cultural contexts with the overarching aim to refine our understanding of what ‘radicalization’ actually implies.


The Three Pillars of Radicalization

The Three Pillars of Radicalization

Author: Arie W. Kruglanski

Publisher:

Published: 2019

Total Pages: 273

ISBN-13: 0190851120

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Based on rare field research with terrorists, this ground breaking book delineates the drivers of radicalization and develops a deradicalization model to mitigate contemporary terrorism. Radicalization arises from individuals' needs, ideological narratives, and support networks. Individuals' need for significance and mattering, when conjoined to a narrative that advocates violence as a path to significance and a network that socially validates the narrative, creates a combustible psychological mixture that threatens social stability and global peace.


The Psychology of Radicalization and Terrorism

The Psychology of Radicalization and Terrorism

Author: Willem Koomen

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2015-11-19

Total Pages: 285

ISBN-13: 131767703X

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Terrorism and radicalization have a long history, but in recent years their prominence has been a particularly conspicuous and influential feature of the global political landscape. This important book presents an overview of the processes involved in radicalization and terrorism, and introduces a systematic framework which captures the most crucial individual and social factors involved in determining these processes. The authors begin by considering the possible role of prejudice, economic deprivation, and discrimination, and the cognitive responses and emotions they can trigger. Such responses tend in turn to increase the importance of group membership, and promote intergroup differentiation and polarization, a process which is often accompanied by more pronounced and more extreme religious and ideological beliefs. The book also describes the role of cultural values and social climate in processes of radicalization, as well as the role of personality factors and demographics such as age and marital status. As for violent terrorist action itself, this final most radical stage is elicited by a number of group factors such as groupthink, isolation, and leadership. Certain cognitive mechanisms – for example, dehumanizing the target and attributing responsibility elsewhere – can also provide excuses for violence. The book explores why some groups turn to violence and others don’t, and it addresses processes of disengagement, deradicalization programs, and other methods used to inhibit the spread of radicalization and terrorism. The Psychology of Radicalization and Terrorism takes a unique and systematic approach to a vital topic, integrating knowledge from diverse literatures, and using social psychology as a basis for comprehending human behaviour. It will be essential reading for students and researchers from all disciplines seeking a greater understanding of terrorism and violent political conflict in all its forms.


Radicalization to Terrorism

Radicalization to Terrorism

Author: Sophia Moskalenko

Publisher:

Published: 2020

Total Pages: 289

ISBN-13: 0190862599

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Terrorism and radicalization came to the forefront of news and politics in the US after the unforgettable attacks of September 11th, 2001. When George W. Bush famously asked "Why do they hate us?," the President echoed the confusion, anger and fear felt by millions of Americans, while also creating a politicized discourse that has come to characterize and obscure discussions of both phenomenon in the media. Since then the American public has lived through a number of domestic attacks and threats, and watched international terrorist attacks from afar on television sets and computer screens. The anxiety and misinformation surrounding terrorism and radicalization are perhaps best detected in questions that have continued to recur in the last decade: "Are terrorists crazy?"; "Is there a profile of individuals likely to become terrorists?"; "Is it possible to prevent radicalization to terrorism?" Fortunately, in the two decades since 9/11, a significant body of research has emerged that can help provide definitive answers. As experts in the psychology of radicalization, Sophia Moskalenko and Clark McCauley propose twelve mechanisms that can move individuals, groups, and mass publics from political indifference to sympathy and support for terrorist violence. Radicalization to Terrorism: What Everyone Needs to Know synthesizes original and existing research to answer the questions raised after each new attack, including those committed by radicalized Americans. It offers a rigorously informed overview of the insight that will enable readers to see beyond the relentless new cycle to understand where terrorism comes from and how best to respond to it.


Friction

Friction

Author: Clark R. McCauley

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2017

Total Pages: 321

ISBN-13: 0190624922

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In this ground-breaking and important book, Clark McCauley and Sophia Moskalenko identify twelve mechanisms of political radicalization that can move individuals, groups, and the masses to increased sympathy and support for political violence, drawing on wide-ranging case histories to show striking parallels between 1800s anti-czarist terrorism, 1970s anti-war terrorism, and 21st century jihadist terrorism. In the context of the Islamic State's worldwide effort to radicalize moderate Muslims for jihad, they advance a model that differentiates radicalization in opinion from radicalization in action, and suggests different strategies for countering these different forms of radicalization. Their controversial conclusion is that the same mechanisms are at work in radicalizing both terrorists and states targeted by terrorists. The implications of this conclusion are as relevant for policy makers and security officers as for citizens facing terrorist threats.


Radicalization

Radicalization

Author: Kevin McDonald

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2018-12-14

Total Pages: 191

ISBN-13: 1509522646

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From Paris to San Bernardino, Barcelona to Manchester, home-grown terrorism is among the most urgent challenges confronting Western nations. Attempts to understand jihadism have typically treated it as a form of political violence or religious conflict. However, the closer we get to the actual people involved in radicalization, the more problematic these explanations become. In this fascinating book, Kevin McDonald shows that the term radicalization unifies what are in fact very different experiences. These new violent actors, whether they travelled to Syria or killed at home, range from former drug dealers and gang members to students and professionals, mothers with young children and schoolgirls. This innovative book sets out to explore radicalization not as something done to people but as something produced by active participants, attempting to make sense of themselves and their world. In doing so, McDonald offers powerful portraits of the immersive worlds of social media so fundamental to present-day radicalization. Radicalization offers a bold new way of understanding the contemporary allure of jihad and, in the process, important directions in responding to it.


Radicalisation

Radicalisation

Author: James R Lewis

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2024-03

Total Pages: 450

ISBN-13: 0197771262

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A comparative, multidisciplinary interrogation of how people across the world become extremists of all kinds, and how different scholarly fields study and theorize this process.


Mutual Radicalization

Mutual Radicalization

Author: Fathali M. Moghaddam

Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)

Published: 2018

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9781433829239

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This book explores the psychology of how groups and nations become locked in cycles of mutual radicalization, in which hatred and conflict continually escalate, even to the point of mutual destruction.


Islamophobia and Radicalization

Islamophobia and Radicalization

Author: John L. Esposito

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2018-10-13

Total Pages: 291

ISBN-13: 3319952374

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While the themes of radicalization and Islamophobia have been broadly addressed by academia, to date there has been little investigation of the crosspollination between the two. Is Islamophobia a significant catalyst or influence on radicalization and recruitment? How do radicalization and Islamophobia interact, operate, feed one another, and ultimately pull societies toward polar extremes in domestic and foreign policy? The wide-ranging and global contributions collected here explore these questions through perspectives grounded in sociology, political theory, psychology, and religion. The volume provides an urgently needed and timely examination of the root causes of both radicalization and Islamophobia; the cultural construction and consumption of radical and Islamophobic discourses; the local and global contexts that fertilize these extreme stances; and, finally, the everyday Muslim in the shadow of these opposing but equally vociferous forces.