Quantum Confined Excitons in 2-Dimensional Materials
Quantum Confined Excitons in 2-Dimensional Materials

Author: Carmen Palacios-Berraquero

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2018-11-02

Total Pages: 125

ISBN-13: 3030014827

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This book presents the first established experimental results of an emergent field: 2-dimensional materials as platforms for quantum technologies, specifically through the optics of quantum-confined excitons. It also provides an extensive review of the literature from a number of disciplines that informed the research, and introduces the materials of focus – 2d Transition Metal Dichalcogenides (2d-TMDs) – in detail, discussing electronic and chemical structure, excitonic behaviour and response to strain. This is followed by a brief overview of quantum information technologies, including concepts such as single-photon sources and quantum networks. The methods chapter addresses quantum optics techniques and 2d-material processing, while the results section shows the development of a method to deterministically create quantum dots (QDs) in the 2d-TMDs, which can trap single-excitons; the fabrication of atomically thin quantum light-emitting diodes to induce all-electrical single-photon emission from the QDs, and lastly, the use of devices to controllably trap single-spins in the QDs –the first step towards their use as optically-addressable matter qubits.

Advances in Condensed-Matter and Materials Physics
Advances in Condensed-Matter and Materials Physics

Author: Jagannathan Thirumalai

Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand

Published: 2020-05-06

Total Pages: 202

ISBN-13: 1838805540

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This book, Condensed Matter and Material Physics, incorporates the work of multiple authors to enhance the theoretical as well as experimental knowledge of materials. The investigation of crystalline solids is a growing need in the electronics industry. Micro and nano transistors require an in-depth understanding of semiconductors of different groups. Amorphous materials, on the other hand, as non-equilibrium materials are widely applied in sensors and other medical and industrial applications. Superconducting magnets, composite materials, lasers, and many more applications are integral parts of our daily lives. Superfluids, liquid crystals, and polymers are undergoing active research throughout the world. Hence profound information on the nature and application of various materials is in demand. This book bestows on the reader a deep knowledge of physics behind the concepts, perspectives, characteristic properties, and prospects. The book was constructed using 10 contributions from experts in diversified fields of condensed matter and material physics and its technology from over 15 research institutes across the globe.

Semiconductor Quantum Dots
Semiconductor Quantum Dots

Author: Ladislaus Alexander Banyai

Publisher: World Scientific

Published: 1993-05-28

Total Pages: 264

ISBN-13: 9814504238

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Semiconductor Quantum Dots presents an overview of the background and recent developments in the rapidly growing field of ultrasmall semiconductor microcrystallites, in which the carrier confinement is sufficiently strong to allow only quantized states of the electrons and holes. The main emphasis of this book is the theoretical analysis of the confinement induced modifications of the optical and electronic properties of quantum dots in comparison with extended materials. The book develops the theoretical background material for the analysis of carrier quantum-confinement effects, introduces the different confinement regimes for relative or center-of-mass motion quantization of the electron-hole-pairs, and gives an overview of the best approximation schemes for each regime. A detailed discussion of the carrier states in quantum dots is presented and surface polarization instabilities are analyzed, leading to the self-trapping of carriers near the surface of the dots. The influence of spin-orbit coupling on the quantum-confined carrier states is discussed. The linear and nonlinear optical properties of small and large quantum dots are studied in detail and the influence of the quantum-dot size distribution in many realistic samples is outlined. Phonons in quantum dots as well as the influence of external electric or magnetic fields are also discussed. Last but not least the recent developments dealing with regular systems of quantum dots are also reviewed. All things included, this is an important piece of work on semiconductor quantum dots not to be dismissed by serious researchers and physicists.

2D Monoelemental Materials (Xenes) and Related Technologies
2D Monoelemental Materials (Xenes) and Related Technologies

Author: Zongyu Huang

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2022-04-19

Total Pages: 166

ISBN-13: 1000562840

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Monoelemental 2D materials called Xenes have a graphene-like structure, intra-layer covalent bond, and weak van der Waals forces between layers. Materials composed of different groups of elements have different structures and rich properties, making Xenes materials a potential candidate for the next generation of 2D materials. 2D Monoelemental Materials (Xenes) and Related Technologies: Beyond Graphene describes the structure, properties, and applications of Xenes by classification and section. The first section covers the structure and classification of single-element 2D materials, according to the different main groups of monoelemental materials of different components and includes the properties and applications with detailed description. The second section discusses the structure, properties, and applications of advanced 2D Xenes materials, which are composed of heterogeneous structures, produced by defects, and regulated by the field. Features include: Systematically detailed single element materials according to the main groups of the constituent elements Classification of the most effective and widely studied 2D Xenes materials Expounding upon changes in properties and improvements in applications by different regulation mechanisms Discussion of the significance of 2D single-element materials where structural characteristics are closely combined with different preparation methods and the relevant theoretical properties complement each other with practical applications Aimed at researchers and advanced students in materials science and engineering, this book offers a broad view of current knowledge in the emerging and promising field of 2D monoelemental materials.

Exciton Dynamics in Lead Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals
Exciton Dynamics in Lead Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals

Author: Bernhard Johann Bohn

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2021-05-18

Total Pages: 169

ISBN-13: 303070940X

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Less than a decade ago, lead halide perovskite semiconductors caused a sensation: Solar cells exhibiting astonishingly high levels of efficiency. Recently, it became possible to synthesize nanocrystals of this material as well. Interestingly; simply by controlling the size and shape of these crystals, new aspects of this material literally came to light. These nanocrystals have proven to be interesting candidates for light emission. In this thesis, the recombination, dephasing and diffusion of excitons in perovskite nanocrystals is investigated using time-resolved spectroscopy. All these dynamic processes have a direct impact on the light-emitting device performance from a technology point of view. However, most importantly, the insights gained from the measurements allowed the author to modify the nanocrystals such that they emitted with an unprecedented quantum yield in the blue spectral range, resulting in the successful implementation of this material as the active layer in an LED. This represents a technological breakthrough, because efficient perovskite light emitters in this wavelength range did not exist before.

2D Excitonic Materials and Devices
2D Excitonic Materials and Devices

Author:

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2023-11-23

Total Pages: 270

ISBN-13: 0443193932

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Semiconductors and Semimetals series, highlights new advances in the field, with this new volume presenting interesting chapters. Each chapter is written by an international board of authors. - Provides the latest information on cancer research - Offers outstanding and original reviews on a range of cancer research topics - Serves as an indispensable reference for researchers and students alike

Solid State Physics
Solid State Physics

Author:

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2023-10-20

Total Pages: 104

ISBN-13: 0443137145

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Solid State Physics, Volume 74, the latest release in this serial that highlights new advances in the field, presents interesting chapters written by an international board of authors. - Provides the authority and expertise of leading contributors from an international board of authors - Presents the latest release in Solid State Physics series

Emerging Two Dimensional Materials and Applications
Emerging Two Dimensional Materials and Applications

Author: Arun Kumar Singh

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2022-11-21

Total Pages: 260

ISBN-13: 1000783006

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This book details 2D nanomaterials, and their important applications—including recent developments and related scalable technologies crucial to addressing strong societal demands of energy, environmental protection, and worldwide health concerns—are systematically documented. It covers syntheses and structures of various 2D materials, electrical transport in graphene, and different properties in detail. Applications in important areas of energy harvesting, energy storage, environmental monitoring, and biosensing and health care are elaborated. Features: Facilitates good understanding of concepts of emerging 2D materials and its applications. Covers details of highly sensitive sensors using 2D materials for environmental monitoring. Outlines the role of 2D materials in improvement of energy harvesting and storage. Details application in biosensing and health care for the realization of next-generation biotechnologies for personalized health monitoring and so forth. Provides exclusive coverage of inorganic 2D MXenes compounds. This book is aimed at graduate students and researchers in materials science and engineering, nanoscience and nanotechnology, and electrical engineering.

Springer Handbook of Materials Data
Springer Handbook of Materials Data

Author: Hans Warlimont

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2018-07-27

Total Pages: 1146

ISBN-13: 3319697439

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The second edition of this well-received handbook is the most concise yet comprehensive compilation of materials data. The chapters provide succinct descriptions and summarize essential and reliable data for various types of materials. The information is amply illustrated with 900 tables and 1050 figures selected primarily from well-established data collections, such as Landolt-Börnstein, which is now part of the SpringerMaterials database. The new edition of the Springer Handbook of Materials Data starts by presenting the latest CODATA recommended values of the fundamental physical constants and provides comprehensive tables of the physical and physicochemical properties of the elements. 25 chapters collect and summarize the most frequently used data and relationships for numerous metals, nonmetallic materials, functional materials and selected special structures such as liquid crystals and nanostructured materials. Along with careful updates to the content and the inclusion of timely and extensive references, this second edition includes new chapters on polymers, materials for solid catalysts and low-dimensional semiconductors. This handbook is an authoritative reference resource for engineers, scientists and students engaged in the vast field of materials science.

Photorefractive Effects and Materials
Photorefractive Effects and Materials

Author: David D. Nolte

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2013-11-27

Total Pages: 494

ISBN-13: 1461522277

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The photorefractive effect is now firmly established as one of the highest-sensitivity nonlinear optical effects, making it an attractive choice for use in many optical holographic processing applications. As with all technologies based on advanced materials, the rate of progress in the development of photorefractive applications has been principally limited by the rate at which breakthroughs in materials science have supplied better photorefractive materials. The last ten years have seen an upsurge of interest in photorefractive applications because of several advances in the synthesis and growth of new and sensitive materials. This book is a collection of many of the most important recent developments in photorefractive effects and materials. The introductory chapter, which provides the necessary tools for understanding a wide variety of photorefractive phenomena, is followed by seven contributed chapters that offer views of the state-of-the-art in several different material systems. The second chapter represents the most detailed study to date on the growth and photorefractive performance of BaTi03, one of the most important photorefractive ferroelectrlcs. The third chapter describes the process of permanently fixing holographic gratings in ferroelectrics, important for volumetric data storage with ultra-high data densities. The fourth chapter describes the discovery and theory of photorefractive spatial solitons. Photorefractive polymers are an exciting new class of photo refractive materials, described in the fifth chapter. Polymers have many advantages, primarily related to fabrication, that could promise a breakthrough to the marketplace because of ease and low-cost of manufacturing.