Public food stockholding
Public food stockholding

Author: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org.

Published: 2021-10-20

Total Pages: 116

ISBN-13: 925135104X

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The paper investigates the basics of public stockholding, exploring the objectives of such programmes, the policy instruments used to achieve them, and their possible market impacts. It also synthesizes country experiences in implementing public stockholding programmes in different regions and presents the evolution of administered and international prices over the last decade. Finally, the paper highlights the main elements of the WTO negotiations on public stockholding for food security, and some of the issues that need to be resolved to help achieve consensus in this area.

The WTO and Food Security
The WTO and Food Security

Author: Sachin Kumar Sharma

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2016-09-28

Total Pages: 243

ISBN-13: 9811021791

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This book examines the public stockholding policies of selected developing countries from the perspective of WTO rules and assesses whether the provisions of the Agreement on Agriculture (AoA) could hamper these countries’ efforts to address the challenges of food security. Further, it highlights the need to amend the provisions of the AoA to make WTO rules just and fair for the millions of people suffering from hunger and malnutrition in developing countries. This book highlights that 12 countries namely China, Egypt, India, Indonesia, Jordan, Kenya, Morocco, Pakistan, Tunisia, Turkey, Zambia and Zimbabwe are facing or will face problems in implementing the food security policies due to the provisions under AoA. These provisions need to be amended for permitting developing countries to address hunger and undernourishment. Progress in WTO negotiations on public stockholding for food security purposes are also discussed and analysed. The findings of this study greatly benefit trade negotiators, policymakers, civil society, farmers groups, researchers, students and academics interested in issues related to the WTO, agriculture and food security.

An Evaluation of G-33 Proposal of Public Stockholding for Food Security in the Least Developed Countries
An Evaluation of G-33 Proposal of Public Stockholding for Food Security in the Least Developed Countries

Author: Saiful Islam

Publisher:

Published: 2022

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13:

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This study evaluates whether food security is a genuine case for public stockholding of rice in Bangladesh and whether the country should make the most of the G-33 proposal as an eligible signatory. Using a qualitative research approach with descriptive statistics, this study analyses Bangladesh's food security, food self-sufficiency, existing public stockholding policy, and the potential impact of public stockholding of rice on production, market prices, and agricultural trade of Bangladesh. The findings show that Bangladesh is still positioned at the "serious" hunger level and could not achieve sustainable food self-sufficiency. At various crises, Bangladesh relies on the international market to supplement the required amount of rice, which justifies its rice stockholding for food security. Therefore, this study finds a legitimate ground for Bangladesh to exceed the current de minimis limit set under the AoA and use the provisions of the G-33 proposal only as an interim solution. This study outlines the legitimate ground for adopting the G-33 proposal of public stockholding for food security in Bangladesh. This study also extends the theoretical base of the G-33 proposal for Least Developed Countries (LDCs), which are currently non-signatory of this proposal but requires more government support for food security in the country. More in-depth research is required to quantify Bangladesh's new de minimis limit if the country wishes to adopt the G-33 proposal as an interim solution.

Managing Food Security In Unregulated Markets
Managing Food Security In Unregulated Markets

Author: Robert D. Reinsel

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2019-03-08

Total Pages: 116

ISBN-13: 0429710631

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The major grain producing nations are moving toward the reduction of domestic and export subsidies to agriculture. The grain importing nations are reducing import barriers. As world markets evolve, grain will tend to be produced in areas that have a comparative advantage in grain production. Over time, production will shift to least-cost areas. Moving toward market orientation during the 1980's, the United States sharply modified its grain policy so that nonrecourse loans are no longer used as price enhancement devices. The loan rates are established at a percentage below the moving average price and now provide a safety net for prices when aggregate output is much larger than normal in relation to demand. This change tends to remove the United States from its long-term role as residual supplier to the world markets. U.S. grains are more likely to be priced competitively, and stocks are unlikely to accumulate in government storage.

Transnational Food Security
Transnational Food Security

Author: Emily Webster

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2020-06-09

Total Pages: 230

ISBN-13: 1000051374

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Transnational Food Security addresses food security from an international relations, political economy and legal perspective analysing the relationship between food security and the environment and climate change, trade, finance and contracts, and the intersection between food and human rights. The topic of food concerns one of the most basic and profound aspects of human survival. Universal and equal access to food is, at the same time, ridden with problems of power, inequality, distribution and implicated in old and new geopolitical conflicts. As such, ‘food’ and food security are central to conditions of poverty and hunger, development and ‘modernisation’, transitional justice and rule of law reform around the world. As a problem of critique and scholarly inquiry, food prompts an inter-disciplinary assessment of the nature of food security in the modern world. The contributors to this book take us deep into the complexity of food and illustrate the challenges of adequately understanding and approaching questions of food security and food sovereignty in a globally interconnected world. Transnational Food Security will be of great interest to scholars of international relations, political economy, and transnational law. The chapters were originally published as a special issue of Transnational Legal Theory Journal.

Shadow Negotiators
Shadow Negotiators

Author: Matias E. Margulis

Publisher: Stanford University Press

Published: 2023-02-07

Total Pages: 334

ISBN-13: 1503634507

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Shadow Negotiators is the first book to demonstrate that United Nations (UN) organizations have intervened to influence the discourse, agenda, and outcomes of international trade lawmaking at the World Trade Organization (WTO). While UN organizations lack a seat at the bargaining table at the WTO, Matias E. Margulis argues that these organizations have acted as "shadow negotiators" engaged in political actions intended to alter the trajectory and results of multilateral trade negotiations. He draws on analysis of one of the most contested issues in global trade politics, agricultural trade liberalization, to demonstrate interventions by four different UN organizations—the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), the World Food Programme (WFP), the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR), and the Special Rapporteur on the Right to Food (SRRTF). By identifying several novel intervention strategies used by UN actors to shape the rules of global trade, this book shows that UN organizations chose to intervene in trade lawmaking not out of competition with the WTO or ideological resistance to trade liberalization, but out of concerns that specific trade rules could have negative consequences for world food security—an outcome these organizations viewed as undermining their social purpose to reduce world hunger and protect the human right to food.

After Bali
After Bali

Author: Christian Häberli

Publisher:

Published: 2015

Total Pages: 27

ISBN-13:

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Once more, agriculture threatened to prevent all progress in multilateral trade rule-making at the Ninth WTO Ministerial Conference in December 2013. But this time, the “magic of Bali” worked. After the clock had been stopped mainly because of the food security file, the ministers adopted a comprehensive package of decisions and declarations mainly in respect of development issues. Five are about agriculture. Decision 38 on Public Stockholding for Food Security Purposes contains a “peace clause” which will now be shielding certain stockpile programmes from subsidy complaints in formal litigation. This article provides contextual background and analyses this decision from a legal perspective. It finds that, at best, Decision 38 provides a starting point for a WTO Work Programme for food security, for review at the Eleventh Ministerial Conference which will probably take place in 2017. At worst, it may unduly widen the limited window for government-financed competition existing under present rules in the WTO Agreement on Agriculture - yet without increasing global food security or even guaranteeing that no subsidy claims will be launched, or entertained, under the WTO dispute settlement mechanism. Hence, the Work Programme should find more coherence between farm support and socio-economic and trade objectives when it comes to stockpiles. This also encompasses a review of the present WTO rules applying to other forms of food reserves and to regional or “virtual” stockpiles. Another “low hanging fruit” would be a decision to exempt food aid purchases from export restrictions.