Protocols for Cyanobacteria Sampling and Detection of Cyanotoxin
Protocols for Cyanobacteria Sampling and Detection of Cyanotoxin

Author: N. Thajuddin

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2024-01-19

Total Pages: 504

ISBN-13: 9819945143

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This protocol book provides detailed procedures for the isolation of cyanobacteria, extraction, quantification, and detection of cyanotoxins. It illustrates the sampling and processing of toxin-producing cyanobacteria in water and aquatic animal samples, detection of cyanotoxins from Anabaena, Anabaenopsis, Cylindrospermopsis, Microsystis, Microcystis, Nodularia, Nostoc, Schizotrix, Lyngbya, Raphidiopsis, Oscillatoria, Planktothrix in aquatic resources. It also covers toxicity analysis by various bioassay protocols, and in vitro and insilico analysis methods. The book also reviews the methods for cyanotoxin extraction, detection, and quantification by various tools including LC-MS/MS, HPLC, NMR, PCR, and HESI-MS/MS. A separate section is dedicated to the advanced methods in Cyanotoxin analysis including the Molecular Imprinting Method (MIM), Cellular signaling biosensor, Electrochemical sensor, Nanosensors, and screening of Polyketide synthase gene. The analysis of various toxin-producing genes like sxtA and mcy is also accounted for in this book. In a nutshell, the book gives comprehensive procedures about the basics and preliminary processes that are involved in sample collection to advanced methods incorporated into the well-explored and unexplored Cyanobacterial toxin. Consequently, this manual is useful for both beginners and advanced researchers, including postgraduate students, academicians, researchers, and scientists in the field of Cyanobacterial research. ​

Handbook of Cyanobacterial Monitoring and Cyanotoxin Analysis
Handbook of Cyanobacterial Monitoring and Cyanotoxin Analysis

Author: Jussi Meriluoto

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2017-01-30

Total Pages: 576

ISBN-13: 1119068681

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A valuable handbook containing reviews, practical methods and standard operating procedures. A valuable and practical working handbook containing introductory and specialist content that tackles a major and growing field of environmental, microbiological and ecotoxicological monitoring and analysis Includes introductory reviews, practical analytical chapters and a comprehensive listing of almost thirty Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) For use in the laboratory, in academic and government institutions and industrial settings Those readers will appreciate the research that validates and updates cyanotoxin monitoring and analysis plus adding to approaches for setting standard methods that can be applied worldwide. Wayne Carmichael, Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry (2018).

Toxic Cyanobacteria in Water
Toxic Cyanobacteria in Water

Author: Ingrid Chorus

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2021-03-08

Total Pages: 701

ISBN-13: 1000262049

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Cyanobacterial toxins are among the hazardous substances most widely found in water. They occur naturally, but concentrations hazardous to human health are usually due to human activity. Therefore, to protect human health, managing lakes, reservoirs and rivers to prevent cyanobacterial blooms is critical. This second edition of Toxic Cyanobacteria in Water presents the current state of knowledge on the occurrence of cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins as well as their impacts on health through water-related exposure pathways, chiefly drinking-water and recreational activity. It provides scientific and technical background information to support hazard identification, assessment and prioritisation of the risks posed by cyanotoxins, and it outlines approaches for their management at each step of the water-use system. It sets out key practical considerations for developing management strategies, implementing efficient measures and designing monitoring programmes. This enables stakeholders to evaluate whether there is a health risk from toxic cyanobacteria and to mitigate it with appropriate measures. This book is intended for those working on toxic cyanobacteria with a specific focus on public health protection. It intends to empower professionals from different disciplines to communicate and cooperate for sustainable management of toxic cyanobacteria, including public health workers, ecologists, academics, and catchment and waterbody managers. Ingrid Chorus headed the department for Drinking-Water and Swimming-Pool Hygiene at the German Environment Agency. Martin Welker is a limnologist and microbiologist, currently with bioMérieux in Lyon, France.

Molecular Tools for the Detection and Quantification of Toxigenic Cyanobacteria
Molecular Tools for the Detection and Quantification of Toxigenic Cyanobacteria

Author: Rainer Kurmayer

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2017-09-05

Total Pages: 446

ISBN-13: 1119332109

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A guide to state-of-the-art molecular tools for monitoring and managing the toxigenicity of cyanobacteria Runaway eutrophication and climate change has made the monitoring and management of toxigenic organisms in the world’s bodies of water more urgent than ever. In order to influence public policy regarding the detection and quantification of those organisms, it is incumbent upon scientists to raise the awareness of policy makers concerning the increased occurrence of toxigenic cyanobacteria and the threats they pose. As molecular methods can handle many samples in short time and help identify toxigenic organisms, they are reliable, cost-effective tools available for tracking toxigenic cyanobacteria worldwide. This volume arms scientists with the tools they need to track toxigenicity in surface waters and food supplies and, hopefully, to develop new techniques for managing the spread of toxic cyanobacteria. This handbook offers the first comprehensive treatment of molecular tools for monitoring toxigenic cyanobacteria. Growing out of the findings of the landmark European Cooperation in Science and Technology Cyanobacteria project (CYANOCOST), it provides detailed, practical coverage of the full array of available molecular tools and protocols, from water sampling, nucleic acid extraction, and downstream analysis—including PCR and qPCR based methods—to genotyping (DGGE), diagnostic microarrays, and community characterization using next-gen sequencing techniques. Offers an overview of the latest trends in the field, while providing a foundation for understanding and applying the tools and techniques described Provides detailed coverage of the full range of molecular tools currently available, with expert guidance on the analysis and interpretation of results Includes step-by-step guidance on standard operational procedures, including molecular tests used in environmental monitoring, with individual chapters devoted to each procedure Complements the published Handbook of Cyanobacterial Monitoring and Cyanotoxin Analysis from the CyanoCOST project This handbook is an indispensable working resource for scientists, lab technicians, and water management professionals and an excellent text/reference for graduate students and supervisors who use molecular tools. It will also be of great value to environmental health and protection officials and policy makers.

Molecular Tools for the Detection and Quantification of Toxigenic Cyanobacteria
Molecular Tools for the Detection and Quantification of Toxigenic Cyanobacteria

Author: Rainer Kurmayer

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2017-06-29

Total Pages: 441

ISBN-13: 1119332141

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A guide to state-of-the-art molecular tools for monitoring and managing the toxigenicity of cyanobacteria Runaway eutrophication and climate change has made the monitoring and management of toxigenic organisms in the world’s bodies of water more urgent than ever. In order to influence public policy regarding the detection and quantification of those organisms, it is incumbent upon scientists to raise the awareness of policy makers concerning the increased occurrence of toxigenic cyanobacteria and the threats they pose. As molecular methods can handle many samples in short time and help identify toxigenic organisms, they are reliable, cost-effective tools available for tracking toxigenic cyanobacteria worldwide. This volume arms scientists with the tools they need to track toxigenicity in surface waters and food supplies and, hopefully, to develop new techniques for managing the spread of toxic cyanobacteria. This handbook offers the first comprehensive treatment of molecular tools for monitoring toxigenic cyanobacteria. Growing out of the findings of the landmark European Cooperation in Science and Technology Cyanobacteria project (CYANOCOST), it provides detailed, practical coverage of the full array of available molecular tools and protocols, from water sampling, nucleic acid extraction, and downstream analysis—including PCR and qPCR based methods—to genotyping (DGGE), diagnostic microarrays, and community characterization using next-gen sequencing techniques. Offers an overview of the latest trends in the field, while providing a foundation for understanding and applying the tools and techniques described Provides detailed coverage of the full range of molecular tools currently available, with expert guidance on the analysis and interpretation of results Includes step-by-step guidance on standard operational procedures, including molecular tests used in environmental monitoring, with individual chapters devoted to each procedure Complements the published Handbook of Cyanobacterial Monitoring and Cyanotoxin Analysis from the CyanoCOST project This handbook is an indispensable working resource for scientists, lab technicians, and water management professionals and an excellent text/reference for graduate students and supervisors who use molecular tools. It will also be of great value to environmental health and protection officials and policy makers.

Cyanobacterial Harmful Algal Blooms: State of the Science and Research Needs
Cyanobacterial Harmful Algal Blooms: State of the Science and Research Needs

Author: H. Kenneth Hudnell

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2008-03-13

Total Pages: 955

ISBN-13: 0387758658

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With the ever-increasing incidence of harmful cyanobacterial algal blooms, this monograph has added urgency and will be essential reading for all sorts of researchers, from neuroscientists to cancer research specialists. The volume contains the proceedings of the 2005 International Symposium on Cyanobacterial Harmful Algal Blooms, and has been edited by H. Kenneth Hudnell, of the US Environmental Protection Agency. It contains much of the most recent research into the subject.

Early Detection of Cyanobacterial Toxins Using Genetic Methods
Early Detection of Cyanobacterial Toxins Using Genetic Methods

Author: J. Paul Rasmussen

Publisher: American Water Works Association

Published: 2008

Total Pages: 160

ISBN-13:

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This research sought to develop and test rapid genetic methods to identify toxic cyanobacteria. The key objectives were to (1) conduct a literature review and industry questionnaire examining options for rapid genetic tests; (2) characterize and understand the genes involved in cylindrospermopsin and anatoxin production; (3) adapt conventional PCR assays to real-time PCR; (4) develop rapid field methods for DNA preparation; and (5) develop probes for toxin genes and testing in the field.

Rapid Cyanotoxin Detection Technology in Routine Monitoring and Citizen Science Groups
Rapid Cyanotoxin Detection Technology in Routine Monitoring and Citizen Science Groups

Author: Seth D. Buchholz

Publisher:

Published: 2021

Total Pages: 54

ISBN-13:

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Cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (CHABs) are a global public health, environmental, and economic threat. Cyanobacterial toxins, or "cyanotoxins", can cause significant harm to human and animal health. Cyanotoxin-producing CHABs occur in many large socioeconomically-important lakes such as the Laurentian Great Lakes. Within the Laurentian Great Lakes, Lake Erie is the smallest, shallowest, and warmest, making it the most susceptible to CHAB events. Multiple federal, state, and academic groups currently monitor western Lake Erie for cyanobacterial abundance and toxicity; however, challenges arise when comparing data using various water sampling methods, analytical procedures, and inconsistent sampling schedules. Therefore, current sampling methods are insufficient to quantitatively measure cyanotoxins, such as microcystins and other emerging toxins of concern such as CYN. The second generation LightDeck MC/CYN HAB Toxin Detection System is a user-friendly technology capable of accurate measurements of microcystins and cylindrospermopsins that yields toxin data more efficiently and conveniently than the current EPA-validated Microcystin ELISA method. The LightDeck Toxin Detection System was implemented by citizen scientists in NOAA's Phytoplankton Monitoring Network in western Lake Erie as well as BGSU's routine monitoring of Sandusky Bay. These coordinated efforts not only provided data to validate LightDeck against the validated laboratory method, but also assessed the practicality of the instrument itself. A total of 302 comparison samples were collected and analyzed between collaborators. Laboratory experiments investigated potential sources of assay interferents, including silica from diatom frustules and instrument component contamination, that may be contributing to false positive microcystin results. However, there are no definitive conclusions regarding the source of discrepancies between analytical methods.

Detection Methods for Cynobacterial toxins
Detection Methods for Cynobacterial toxins

Author: G A Codd

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 1994-01-01

Total Pages: 202

ISBN-13: 1845698169

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Cyanobacteria, or blue-green algae, commonly occur in a variety of water types throughout the world. A variable, but, high proportion of the cyanobacterial blooms and scums, which can develop annually in lakes, reservoirs, canals and slow-flowing rivers, contain potent toxins. Although animal poisonings and human health problems associated with the ingestion of, or contact with, cyanobacterial scums have long been recognized, a developing understanding of the health hazards posed by the toxins requires that reliable, sensitive, specific and convenient methods are available for their detection and quantification. Detection methods for cynobacterial toxins looks at the application of biological, toxicological, biochemical and physicochemical techniques in studies of cyanobacterial toxins and at experimental methods that have identified at least 50 cyanobacterial compounds toxic to vertebrates. Academics, public health bodies, environmental protection agencies and water companies are all involved in monitoring cyanobacterial levels and effects, and this book will help to ensure that their research is not duplicated, is standardized and comparable, and that optimal progress can be made in an important area that is still in its developing stages.