Dwarf Galaxies (IAU S344)

Dwarf Galaxies (IAU S344)

Author: Kristen B. W. McQuinn

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2019-09-30

Total Pages: 500

ISBN-13: 9781108471619

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Dwarf galaxies are important tools for understanding structure formation and galaxy evolution across cosmic time. These low-mass systems allow us to gain a detailed understanding of stellar, chemical, and dynamical properties in the nearby universe; they also provide a unique window into the complex physics of the early universe. The Proceedings of IAU Symposium 344 present our current understanding of dwarf galaxies, with sections dedicated to: Local Group dwarf galaxies; the interstellar medium and star formation in dwarfs; metallicity, massive stars, and chemical evolution; the dwarf galaxy-environment connection; low-mass galaxies at high redshift; and dwarfs as cosmological probes. Broad overviews from leaders in the field, detailed presentation of cutting-edge results, and short summaries of a wide range of work are included for each of these topics, suitable for both experts and newcomers to the field.


The Epoch of Galaxy Formation

The Epoch of Galaxy Formation

Author: Carlos S. Frenk

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 442

ISBN-13: 9400909195

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Scientists in the late twentieth century are not the first to view galaxy formation as a phenomenon worthy of explanation in terms of the known laws of physics. Already in 1754 Kant regarded the problem as essentially solved. In his Univerlal Natural Hutory and Theory 0/ the H eaven$ he wrote; "If in the immesurable space in which all the suns of the Milky Way have formed themselves, we assume a point around which, through some cause or other, the first formation of nature out of chaoo began, there the largest mass and a body of extraordinary attraction will have arisen which has thereby become capable of compelling all the systems in the process of being formed within an enormous sphere around it, to fall towards itself as their centre, and to build up a system around it on the great scale . . . . Observation puts this conjecture almost beyond doubt. " More than 200 years later, a similar note of confidence was voiced by Zel'dovicb at an IAU symposium held in Tallin in 1911; "Extrapolating . . . to the next symposium somewhere in the early eighties one can be pretty sure that the question of the formation of galaxies and clusters will be solved in the next few years. " Perhaps few astronomers today would share Kant's near certainty or feel that Zel'dovich's prophecy has been fulfilled, Many, however, will sympathize with the optimistic olltlook of these two statements.


Low-metallicity Star Formation (IAU S255)

Low-metallicity Star Formation (IAU S255)

Author: International Astronomical Union. Symposium

Publisher:

Published: 2008

Total Pages: 448

ISBN-13:

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Although low-mass metal-poor galaxies in the local universe have often been proposed as the 'primordial building blocks' in the hierarchical scenario of structure formation, several lines of evidence suggest that this may not be true. Moreover, it is not clear to what extent dwarf galaxies, because they are metal poor and because of their kinematics and structure, can tell us about how star formation proceeded in the early universe. This volume provides an overview and the most recent advances in this debate. IAU Symposium 255 presents the most up-to-date developments in six key areas, including: Population III and metal-free star formation; metal-enrichment, chemical evolution and feedback; explosive events in low-metallicity environments; dust and gas as seeds for metal-poor star formation; metal-poor initial mass functions, stellar evolution and star-formation histories; and low-metallicity star formation in the local universe. This overview is at a level suitable for research astronomers and graduate students.


Galactic and Extragalactic Star Formation

Galactic and Extragalactic Star Formation

Author: Ralph E. Pudritz

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 652

ISBN-13: 9400929730

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Recent advances in the instrumentation used to observe star forming regions in both our own Milky Way and in external galaxies have transformed the subject from a phenomenological pursuit into an increasingly unified, physical science. High resolution centimetre, millimetre, infrared, and optical studies of local star forming clouds have allowed us to probe the physics of star formation down to spatial scales approaching those of the solar system. These developments make it possible to better constrain the basic physical processes underlying star formation itself. At the same time, these new instruments have placed extragalactic studies on a footing detailed enough to allow comparison with star forming regions within our own galaxy. This revolution means that we will soon be able to link the physics of local star forming regions to the global star forming properties of galaxies. The entire structure of this NATO Advanced Study Institute was designed to explore this new view of the subject. This Institute on "Galactic and Extragalactic Star Formation" was held from June 21 -July 4, 1987 at the Conference Centre in the village of Whistler, British Columbia, Canada. The informal atmosphere of this lovely mountain resort stim ulated many valuable scientific exchanges. The Institute was funded by a major grant from NATO Scientific Affairs. Additional financial and I.I1oral assistance was provided by the Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics (CITA) and Mc Master University.


Physics of Star Formation in Galaxies

Physics of Star Formation in Galaxies

Author: F. Palla

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2006-07-06

Total Pages: 242

ISBN-13: 3540316337

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The book begins with a historical introduction, "Star Formation: The Early History", that presents new material of interest for students and historians of science. This is followed by two long articles on "Pre-Main-Sequence Evolution of Stars and Young Clusters" and "Observations of Young Stellar Objects". These articles on the fascinating problem of star formation from interstellar matter give a thorough overview of present-day theories and observations. The articles contain material so far unpublished in the astronomical literature. The book addresses graduate students and can be used as a textbook for advanced courses in stellar astrophysics.


Towards Understanding Galaxies at Large Redshift

Towards Understanding Galaxies at Large Redshift

Author: Ettore Majorana International Centre for Scientific Culture. Advanced School of Astronomy. Workshop

Publisher: Springer

Published: 1988-03-31

Total Pages: 372

ISBN-13:

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Proceedings of the Fifth Workshop of the Advanced School of Astronomy of the Ettore Majorana Centre for Scientific Culture, Erice, Italy, June 1-10, 1987


Starburst Galaxies: Near and Far

Starburst Galaxies: Near and Far

Author: L. Tacconi

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 349

ISBN-13: 3642565387

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A major fraction of star formation in the universe occurs in starbursts. These regions of particularly rapid star formation are often located towards the centers of host galaxies. Studies of this kind of star formation at high redshift have produced astonishing results over recent years that were only possible with the latest generation of large ground-based and space telescopes. The papers collected in this volume present these results in the context of the much firmer foundation of star formation in the local universe, and they emphasize all the important topics, from star formation in different environments to the cosmic star formation history.


Hot Subdwarf Stars and Related Objects

Hot Subdwarf Stars and Related Objects

Author: Ulrich Heber

Publisher:

Published: 2008

Total Pages: 468

ISBN-13:

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"These are the proceedings of the third international workshop on Hot Subdwarf Stars and Related Objects, held in the historic city of Bamberg, Germany, in July 2007. Hot Subdwarfs represent several stages in the very late evolution of low-mass stars. B-type subdwarfs are helium-core burners at the extreme end of the horizontal branch, while O types represent a rich mixture of post-giant branch, post-horizontal branch and post-asymptotic giant branch stars. They are important for many fields of modern astrophysics. Hot subdwarf stars provide: The UV light of old unresolved populations, such as giant elliptical galaxies, which may be used to measure their ages ; laboratories to study plasma processes in high-gravity atmospheres, including radiatively-driven atomic diffusion and its consequences for the chemical composition of the star's outer layers ; laboratories to study close binary evolution. Many have invisible companions, mostly white-dwarf mergers, while one has a planet, and others may have neutron-star or black-hole companions ; laboratories for asteroseismology. Pulsations check the evolution models by giving direct measurements of mass and radius, and the potential to explore other internal properties. New instruments and theoretical models, as well as a vibrant young research community, are forcin[g] rapid progress in all of these areas. These proceedings provide and informative snapshot of current research. They also include a small number of papers which have been extended to include an introduction for non-specialists. These papers offer a valuable resource useful to a wide audience including beginning graduate students and experienced reviewers for several years to come."--Publisher's website