Probing the Response of Two-Dimensional Crystals by Optical Spectroscopy
Probing the Response of Two-Dimensional Crystals by Optical Spectroscopy

Author: Yilei Li

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2015-11-09

Total Pages: 80

ISBN-13: 331925376X

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This thesis focuses on the study of the optical response of new atomically thin two-dimensional crystals, principally the family of transition metal dichalcogenides like MoS2. One central theme of the thesis is the precise treatment of the linear and second-order nonlinear optical susceptibilities of atomically thin transition metal dichalcogenides. In addition to their significant scientific interest as fundamental material responses, these studies provide essential knowledge and convenient characterization tools for the application of these 2D materials in opto-electronic devices. Another important theme of the thesis is the valley physics of atomically thin transition metal dichalcogenides. It is shown that the degeneracy in the valley degree of freedom can be lifted and a valley polarization can be created using a magnetic field, which breaks time reversal symmetry in these materials. These findings enhance our basic understanding of the valley electronic states and open up new opportunities for valleytronic applications using two-dimensional materials.

Cirrus
Cirrus

Author: David K. Lynch

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2002-01-24

Total Pages: 516

ISBN-13: 9780195351392

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Cirrus clouds are high, thin, tropospheric clouds composed predominately of ice. In the last ten years, considerable work has shown that cirrus is widespread--more common than previously believed--and has a significant impact on climate and global change. As the next generation weather satellites are being designed, the impact of cirrus on remote sensing and the global energy budget must be recognized and accommodated. This book, the first to be devoted entirely to cirrus clouds, captures the state of knowledge of cirrus and serves as a practical handbook as well. Each chapter is based on an invited review talk presented at Cirrus, a meeting hosted by the Optical Society of America and co-sponsored by the American Geophysical Union and the American Meteorological Society. All aspects of cirrus clouds are covered, an approach that reaches into diverse fields. Topics include: the definition of cirrus, cirrus climatologies, nucleation, evolution and dissipation, mixed-phase thermodynamics, crystallinity, orientation mechanisms, dynamics, scattering, radiative transfer, in situ sampling, processes that produce or influence cirrus (and vice versa), contrails, and the influence of cirrus on climate.

GraphITA 2011
GraphITA 2011

Author: Luca Ottaviano

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-03-06

Total Pages: 225

ISBN-13: 3642206441

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In recent years, graphene based research has witnessed a tremendous explosion. This two dimensional "dream" material has come into the main spotlight of fundamental and applied research in diverse nano-science fields, but surprisingly rapidly, it has also attracted the interest of major stakeholders in the private sector (especially industries in the ICT sector). The technological exploitation of graphene can be considered to be based on four fundamental interconnected wide topics: growth and synthesis methods, nano-structuring and tailoring of graphene properties, structural and physical characterization, and device design and applications. This proceedings book presents the results highlighted at GraphITA 2011, a multidisciplinary and intersectorial European Workshop on Synthesis, Characterization and Technological Exploitation of Graphene. The workshop realised on 15-18 May at Gran Sasso National Laboratories (Assegi-L'Aquila, Italy) has brought together scientists and engineers working on different technological uses of graphene in a multidisciplinary and multisectorial (academia/industry) environment.

Defects in Two-Dimensional Materials
Defects in Two-Dimensional Materials

Author: Rafik Addou

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2022-02-14

Total Pages: 434

ISBN-13: 032390310X

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Defects in Two-Dimensional Materials addresses the fundamental physics and chemistry of defects in 2D materials and their effects on physical, electrical and optical properties. The book explores 2D materials such as graphene, hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) and transition metal dichalcogenides (TMD). This knowledge will enable scientists and engineers to tune 2D materials properties to meet specific application requirements. The book reviews the techniques to characterize 2D material defects and compares the defects present in the various 2D materials (e.g. graphene, h-BN, TMDs, phosphorene, silicene, etc.). As two-dimensional materials research and development is a fast-growing field that could lead to many industrial applications, the primary objective of this book is to review, discuss and present opportunities in controlling defects in these materials to improve device performance in general or use the defects in a controlled way for novel applications. Presents the theory, physics and chemistry of 2D materials Catalogues defects of 2D materials and their impacts on materials properties and performance Reviews methods to characterize, control and engineer defects in 2D materials

Two-Dimensional Optical Spectroscopy
Two-Dimensional Optical Spectroscopy

Author: Minhaeng Cho

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2009-06-16

Total Pages: 396

ISBN-13: 1420084305

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Two-Dimensional Optical Spectroscopy discusses the principles and applications of newly emerging two-dimensional vibrational and optical spectroscopy techniques. It provides a detailed account of basic theory required for an understanding of two-dimensional vibrational and electronic spectroscopy. It also bridges the gap between the formal developm

Handbook of Organic Materials for Optical and (Opto)Electronic Devices
Handbook of Organic Materials for Optical and (Opto)Electronic Devices

Author: Oksana Ostroverkhova

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2013-08-31

Total Pages: 832

ISBN-13: 0857098764

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Small molecules and conjugated polymers, the two main types of organic materials used for optoelectronic and photonic devices, can be used in a number of applications including organic light-emitting diodes, photovoltaic devices, photorefractive devices and waveguides. Organic materials are attractive due to their low cost, the possibility of their deposition from solution onto large-area substrates, and the ability to tailor their properties. The Handbook of organic materials for optical and (opto)electronic devices provides an overview of the properties of organic optoelectronic and nonlinear optical materials, and explains how these materials can be used across a range of applications.Parts one and two explore the materials used for organic optoelectronics and nonlinear optics, their properties, and methods of their characterization illustrated by physical studies. Part three moves on to discuss the applications of optoelectronic and nonlinear optical organic materials in devices and includes chapters on organic solar cells, electronic memory devices, and electronic chemical sensors, electro-optic devices.The Handbook of organic materials for optical and (opto)electronic devices is a technical resource for physicists, chemists, electrical engineers and materials scientists involved in research and development of organic semiconductor and nonlinear optical materials and devices. - Comprehensively examines the properties of organic optoelectronic and nonlinear optical materials - Discusses their applications in different devices including solar cells, LEDs and electronic memory devices - An essential technical resource for physicists, chemists, electrical engineers and materials scientists

Photosynthetic Excitons
Photosynthetic Excitons

Author: Herbert van Amerongen

Publisher: World Scientific

Published: 2000

Total Pages: 612

ISBN-13: 9789810232801

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Excitons are considered as the basic concept used by describing the spectral properties of photosynthetic pigment-protein complexes and excitation dynamics in photosynthetic light-harvesting antenna and reaction centers. Following the recently obtained structures of a variety of photosynthetic pigment-protein complexes from plants and bacteria our interest in understanding the relation between structure, function and spectroscopy has strongly increased. These data demonstrate a short interpigment distance (of the order of 1 nm or even smaller) and/or a highly symmetric (ring-like) arrangement of pigment molecules in peripheral light-harvesting complexes of photosynthetic bacteria. Books which were devoted to the exciton problem so far mainly considered the spectral properties of molecular crystals. However, the small size of these pigment aggregates in the pigment-protein complexes as well as the role of the protein, which is responsible for the structural arrangement of the complex, clearly will have a dramatic influence on the pigment spectra and exciton dynamics. All these aspects of the problem are considered in this book. Exciton theory is mainly considered for small molecular aggregates (dimers, ring-like structures etc.). Together with the theoretical description of the classical conceptual approach, which mainly deals with polarization properties of the absorption and fluorescence spectra, the nonlinear femtosecond spectroscopy which is widely used for investigations now is also discussed. A large part of the book demonstrates the excitonic effects in a multitude of photosynthetic pigment-protein complexes and how we can understand these properties on the basis of the exciton concept.

2D Semiconductor Materials and Devices
2D Semiconductor Materials and Devices

Author: Dongzhi Chi

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2019-10-19

Total Pages: 339

ISBN-13: 0128165898

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2D Semiconductor Materials and Devices reviews the basic science and state-of-art technology of 2D semiconductor materials and devices. Chapters discuss the basic structure and properties of 2D semiconductor materials, including both elemental (silicene, phosphorene) and compound semiconductors (transition metal dichalcogenide), the current growth and characterization methods of these 2D materials, state-of-the-art devices, and current and potential applications. - Reviews a broad range of emerging 2D electronic materials beyond graphene, including silicene, phosphorene and compound semiconductors - Provides an in-depth review of material properties, growth and characterization aspects—topics that could enable applications - Features contributions from the leading experts in the field

Second Harmonic And Sum-frequency Spectroscopy: Basics And Applications
Second Harmonic And Sum-frequency Spectroscopy: Basics And Applications

Author: Yuen Ron Shen

Publisher: World Scientific

Published: 2023-02-17

Total Pages: 401

ISBN-13: 9811262292

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Optical second harmonic and sum-frequency generation has evolved into a useful spectroscopic tool for material characterization, especially as a viable and powerful technique for probing surfaces and interfaces. This book serves as an introduction on the technique. It provides a comprehensible description on the basics of the technique and gives detailed accounts with illustrating examples on the wide range of applications of the technique. It clearly points out the unique capabilities of the technique as a spectroscopic tool for studies of bulk and interface structures in different disciplines.This book is an updated version of an earlier book on the same subject, but it puts more emphasis on physical concepts and description. It underscores recent advances of sum-frequency spectroscopy at the technical front as well as over its wide range of applications, with the author's perspective in each area. Most chapters end with a section of summary and prospects that hopefully can help stimulate interest to further develop the technique and explore possibilities of applying the technique.