Price Adjustment in German Manufacturing
Price Adjustment in German Manufacturing

Author: Harald Stahl

Publisher:

Published: 2016

Total Pages: 108

ISBN-13:

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This paper presents new evidence on the formation of producer prices. The database combines a one-time survey that was conducted in June 2004 on a sample of 1,200 firms in manufacturing and time-series information on price adjustment of the same firms from a business-tendency survey. The share of time-dependent price setters amounts to 20 per cent. Neither Taylor nor Calvo type price setting describes their price adjustment well. Only a few firms are forward-looking, the majority relies on contemporaneous and past information.

Consumer Price Adjustment Under the Microscope
Consumer Price Adjustment Under the Microscope

Author: Johannes Hoffmann

Publisher:

Published: 2016

Total Pages: 124

ISBN-13:

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We analyse the adjustment of retail and services prices in a period of low inflation, using a set of individual price data from the German Consumer Price Index which covers the years 1998 to 2003. We strong find evidence of time- and state-dependent price adjustment. Most importantly, the differences in ?unconditional? sectoral price flexibility are found to be linked to input price volatility.

Is Price Adjustment Asymmetric?
Is Price Adjustment Asymmetric?

Author: Michael Knetter

Publisher:

Published: 1992

Total Pages: 44

ISBN-13:

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The theoretical literature on pricing-to-market has identified two possible reasons why the elasticity of prices to exchange rate changes may be asymmetric across appreciations and depreciations. If firms are attempting to increase market shares in foreign markets subject to the possibility of trade restrictions, then more pricing-to-market may occur during appreciations of the exporter's currency. If firms face capacity constraints in their distribution networks, then pricing-to-market may be exaggerated during periods of depreciation of the exporters currency. This paper uses panel data on German and Japanese 7-digit industry exports to compare these competing explanations for asymmetries in pricing-to-market behavior. While the data seldom reject the null hypothesis of a symmetric response of prices to exchange rates, some industries, notably automobiles, provide empirical support for the market share model. Only a pooled regression with Japanese data supports the marketing bottlenecks model.

International Comparisons of Pricing-to-market Behavior
International Comparisons of Pricing-to-market Behavior

Author: Michael Knetter

Publisher:

Published: 1992

Total Pages: 21

ISBN-13:

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This paper measures the degree of price discrimination across export destinations that is associated with exchange rate changes using U.S., U.K., German and Japanese industry-level data. Given the industries sampled more price discrimination across destinations is observed in the U.K., German and Japanese data. For industries that match across source countries, however, behavior is very similar across source countries. Furthermore, destination-specific price adjustment on exports to the U.S. from Germany and Japan is similar to price adjustment observed on shipments to other destinations. Most variation in the data appears to be related to industry.