Prepaid Financing of Primary Health Care in Guinea-Bissau
Prepaid Financing of Primary Health Care in Guinea-Bissau

Author: Per Eklund

Publisher: World Bank Publications

Published: 1990

Total Pages: 57

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Flat- fee prepayment may be the only feasible cost recovery scheme for primary health care in rural villages of Guinea-Bissau. The level of satisfaction was high in this simple prepayment scheme of drugs and limited primary health care in 18 villages. In a larger health system or an urban area, it might be more difficult to administer such a scheme and to prevent abuse of the system.

Financing Health Services Through User Fees and Insurance
Financing Health Services Through User Fees and Insurance

Author: R. Paul Shaw

Publisher: Washington, D.C. : World Bank, c1995 (1996 printing)

Published: 1995

Total Pages: 268

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World Bank Discussion Paper No. 294. Presents case studies that focus on user fees and self-financing health insurance as a means of contributing to efficiency, equity, and sustainable financing in the health sector. User fees are emphasized as a form of cost-sharing because private, out-of-pocket expenditures for health account for nearly one-half of total expenditures in Africa. Evidence presented in this report suggests that self-financing insurance is more prevalent in many countries than had been previously thought.

Health Insurance in Zaire
Health Insurance in Zaire

Author: Donald S. Shepard

Publisher: World Bank Publications

Published: 1990

Total Pages: 86

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This in-depth study of health insurance schemes in Zaire recommends developing more pilot insurance systems in areas where health systems already function - and strengthening existing systems through training, exchange visits, information systems, and technical assistance. Implementing a nationwide health insurance system is not likely to be as successful as decentralized, locally managed plans.

Alleviating Transitory Food Crisis in Africa
Alleviating Transitory Food Crisis in Africa

Author: Victor Lavy

Publisher: World Bank Publications

Published: 1990

Total Pages: 29

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Food aid compensates for up to half the drop in food production during food crises in Sub-Saharan Africa; imports make up another 30 percent. Both stabilize food consumption and neutralize the effects of random shocks to domestic food production.

The Childbearing Family in Sub-Saharan Africa
The Childbearing Family in Sub-Saharan Africa

Author: Odile Frank

Publisher: World Bank Publications

Published: 1990

Total Pages: 59

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Sub-Saharan Africa has not joined the global demographic transition. Africa's eventual transition to fertility decline may depend more than it has elsewhere on functional changes in the family and changes in the family structure.

The Coordinated Reform of Tariffs and Domestic Indirect Taxes
The Coordinated Reform of Tariffs and Domestic Indirect Taxes

Author: Pradeep Mitra

Publisher: World Bank Publications

Published: 1990

Total Pages: 52

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Tariff reform for trade liberalization must be seen as part of a broader program of tax reform. Custom duties on imports should be geared chiefly to protection. Reductions in such duties to promote an outward- oriented development strategy should be offset by increases in sales/value- added taxes applied equally to imports and domestic production. That would maintain public revenues and avoid exacerbating macroeconomic dificulties.

Applying Tax Policy Models in Country Economic Work
Applying Tax Policy Models in Country Economic Work

Author: Henrik Dahl

Publisher: World Bank Publications

Published: 1990

Total Pages: 51

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Applications of general equilibrium models to different problems arising in tax policy - such as identifying desirable tax bases in Bangladesh, analyzing price controls in China, and coordinating tax- cum- tariff reform in India - show how useful they can be in supplementing more qualitative judgements. But they are useful only if substantial effort is devoted to establishing a consistent data set and to choosing the structure of the model in a way that makes its behavior consistent with what good economic analysis would suggest.

Creating the Reform-resistant Dependent Economy
Creating the Reform-resistant Dependent Economy

Author: Arye L. Hillman

Publisher: World Bank Publications

Published: 1990

Total Pages: 33

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How the CMEA system of international trade affected enterprise incentives and inhibited market-oriented domestic reform in the Eastern European socialist economies.