Providing an analysis of multilateral power markets, this book examines power interconnection in Southeast Asia, especially among the ASEAN countries. It uses evolutionary experience of electricity interconnection and trade in three international markets that have relevance for ASEAN to draw upon common global themes. Specifically, it compares the Southern African Power Pool, the European grid, and Nord Pool. Discussing the progress made among ASEAN countries in regional energy integration, with a particular focus on the Greater Mekong Sub-region interconnection, it also examines the recently announced interconnection concept between Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Thailand, Malaysia, and Singapore. Exploring the challenges facing ASEAN interconnection of power grids in the context of previous experience elsewhere in the world, this book presents a template for appropriate best practice in terms of technical, political, and financial requirements. It will therefore be of value to decision makers interested in the political economy of energy in Southeast Asia, as well as academics working on Energy Politics and Southeast Asian Politics.
This book examines the concept of the ASEAN electricity grid: its applications elsewhere in the world, its rudimentary beginnings in Southeast Asia, and the many factors affecting its feasibility in the ASEAN region. It also seeks to answer the question: Is it possible to design the electricity trading relationhip for a politically feasible ASEAN grid? Can technology be adjusted to suit the political maturity of the regional grouping?
The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) has increasingly focused on multilateral electricity trade, improved grid resiliency and modernization. These opportunities in the power sector have been studied through the ASEAN Interconnection Masterplan Studies, the most recent of which is the ASEAN Interconnection Masterplan Study III (AIMS III). AIMS III assessed four different scenarios of power system in the ASEAN countries that include a base scenario and three additional scenarios (called optimum RE, ASEAN RE, and High RE) considering different levels of deployment of renewable energy (RE) and cross-border generation and trade of electricity for three years (2025, 2030, 2040). In this work, we quantify the potential air quality and public health co-benefits of AIMS III scenarios. For a rapidly expanding, energy hungry region like SE Asia generation is power generation is expected to increase significantly. The AIMS III scenarios' capacity expansion modeling suggest that: 1) Generation nearly doubles from 2025 to 2040 in all four AIMS III scenarios; 2) Most of the increased generation is met by coal in all four AIMS III scenarios; 3) While renewables generation increases in all four AIMS III scenarios, the fraction of total generation (its share) generally decreases because of the much greater increase in non-renewable sources, mostly coal. Only in the High RE Target scenario do renewables represent a higher share in 2040 than in 2025, though even here it is at the expense of natural gas rather than coal; 4) As a result, emissions of gaseous and aerosol pollutants increase significantly in all scenarios. Because emissions increase in 2040 compared to 2025 for all four AIMS III scenarios, so do PM2.5 concentrations. Even for the High RE Target scenario (the scenario with highest share of renewable energy), compared to the Base scenario in 2025, in 2040 PM2.5 concentrations are higher. Compared to the Base scenario in the same years, the Optimum RE and ASEAN RE Target scenarios do not differ very much from the Base in terms of PM2.5 concentration. The High RE Target scenario, on the other hand, yields noticeably lower PM2.5 concentration. For example, in 2040 the population-weighted decrease in annual average PM2.5 concentration in the High RE Target scenario relative to the Base scenario is 0.5 ug m-3. Compared to the Base scenario in 2040, each of the alternative AIMS III scenarios is estimated to result in net reductions in power-sector air quality-related excess mortality in the ASEAN region. Yet there are a few countries for which the Optimum RE and ASEAN RE Target result in increases in PM2.5-related excess mortality (Thailand and Vietnam for the ASEAN RE Target scenario and Thailand for the Optimum RE scenario). However, for the High RE Target scenario, all countries benefit and find reductions in excess mortality resulting from the power sector scenarios modeled in AIMS III with regionwide mortality decreasing by 16,000 compared to the Base scenario in 2040. In summary, our analysis finds that changing power generation emissions is a crucial lever for improving public health in ASEAN member countries and provides a pathway for policymakers to make decision backed by a realistic power sector expansion and air quality analyses.
Global energy network is an important platform to guarantee effective exploitation of global clean energy and ensure reliable energy supply for everybody. Global Energy Interconnection analyzes the current situation and challenges of global energy development, provides the strategic thinking, overall objective, basic pattern, construction method and development mode for the development of global energy network. Based on the prediction of global energy and electricity supply and demand in the future, with the development of UHV AC/DC and smart grid technologies, this book offers new solutions to drive the safe, clean, highly efficient and sustainable development of global energy. The concept and development ideas concerning global energy interconnection in this book are based on the author’s thinking of strategic issues about China’s and the world’s energy and electricity development for many years, especially combined with successful practices of China’s UHV development. This book is particularly suitable for researchers and graduated students engaged in energy sector, as well as energy economics researchers, economists, consultants, and government energy policy makers in relevant fields. Based on the author's many years' experience in developing Smart Grid solutions within national and international projects. Combines both solid background information and cutting-edge technology progress, coupled with a useful and impressive list of references. The key energy problems which are challenging us nowadays are well stated and explained in this book, which facilitates a better understanding of the development of global energy interconnection with UHV AC/DC and smart grid technologies.
Cross-border energy trade and integration of renewable energy have become significant for countries and regions to meet demands, minimize costs, and foster socio-economic and climate stability in the dynamic and unstable energy market. This book explores different models of global energy trade between regions and their benefits and challenges with a special focus on India’s Northeast region. Countries in South and Southeast Asia are endowed with abundant renewable energy resources. This book examines the energy mix of the countries such as India, Myanmar, Thailand, Bangladesh, and Bhutan among others and their efforts to achieve more integrated markets and renewable energy integration in the region. It highlights the potential of Northeast India given its rich natural resources and strategic location to harness the potential cross-border energy trade with ASEAN countries. The volume provides analytical perspectives on drivers, constraints, opportunities and barriers, as well as measures that countries could take to address institutional, financial, policy, and governance issues to minimize the total costs of energy security and maximize the social-economic benefits for people in these regions. It identifies the necessary conditions – grid flexibility, policy, market, and regulatory solutions for clean energy trade – and contributes to growth of low-carbon development as well as policy making by focusing on renewable energy integration across borders. This volume will be of interest to students and researchers of energy and climate studies, environmental politics, trade, and economics and international relations. This book is freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF at www.taylorfrancis.com under a Creative Commons (CC-BY-NC-ND) 4.0 license.
