Potential Competition in the Presence of Sunk Entry Costs

Potential Competition in the Presence of Sunk Entry Costs

Author: Utteeyo Dasgupta

Publisher:

Published: 2010

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13:

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I study the effect of sunk entry-costs on potential competition in a multi-market framework, where potential entrants have different home market profits. Although sunk-entry-costs are supposed to increase entry barriers, my experimental results suggest that firms view entry costs differently depending on their home market profits. I find that subjects are reluctant to enter, and compete in another market if they are already earning monopoly rents. Subjects instead, collude tacitly and earn monopoly rents in home markets, thereby weakening the effect of potential competition. In contrast, subjects who earn small secure returns in their home markets aggressively enter the contestable market whenever there are scopes for earning net profits. The threat of entry and the effects of potential competition are strong in the latter situation, forcing the monopoly incumbents to lower prices to limit-pricing levels.


Sunk Costs and Market Structure

Sunk Costs and Market Structure

Author: John Sutton

Publisher: MIT Press

Published: 1991

Total Pages: 600

ISBN-13: 9780262193054

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Sunk Costs and Market Structure bridges the gap between the new generation of game theoretic models that has dominated the industrial organization literature over the past ten years and the traditional empirical agenda of the subject as embodied in the structure-conduct-performance paradigm developed by Joe S. Bain and his successors.


Are Judges Smarter Than Economists? Sunk Costs, the Threat of Entry and the Competitive Process

Are Judges Smarter Than Economists? Sunk Costs, the Threat of Entry and the Competitive Process

Author: Federal Trade Federal Trade Commission

Publisher: CreateSpace

Published: 2015-06-07

Total Pages: 24

ISBN-13: 9781514249536

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Several recent antitrust cases indicate that courts believe the threat of entry can serve as an effective deterrent to an anticompetitive price increase. Yet there does not exist in the economic literature a general model that explains how entry can be such a threat, given the presence of small but positive sunk costs. This book presents such a model, using concepts of buyer strategies and uncertainty. The applicability of such a model is then discussed using recent court decisions.


Sunk Cost Efficiency with Discrete Competitors

Sunk Cost Efficiency with Discrete Competitors

Author: Linus Wilson

Publisher:

Published: 2012

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13:

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When entrants only differ in their exogenous entry costs, the order in which potential firms enter does not affect industry size. With discrete competitors, entry orderings can affect total sunk costs and the identity of entrants. A necessary and sufficient condition is established for sunk, entry costs in the industry to be minimized, regardless of entry ordering.


Sunk costs and risk-based barriers to entry

Sunk costs and risk-based barriers to entry

Author: Robert S. Pindyck

Publisher:

Published: 2009

Total Pages: 34

ISBN-13:

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In merger analysis and other antitrust settings, risk is often cited as a potential barrier to entry. But there is little consensus as to the kinds of risk that matter - systematic versus non-systematic and industry-wide versus firm-specific - and the mechanisms through which they affect entry. I show how and to what extent different kinds of risk magnify the deterrent effect of exogenous sunk costs of entry, and thereby affect industry dynamics, concentration, and equilibrium market prices. To do this, I develop a measure of the "full," i.e., risk-adjusted, sunk cost of entry. I show that for reasonable parameter values, the full sunk cost is far larger than the direct measure of sunk cost typically used to analyze markets.


Handbook of Experimental Economics Results

Handbook of Experimental Economics Results

Author: Charles R. Plott

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2008-08-21

Total Pages: 1175

ISBN-13: 0080887961

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Experimental methods in economics respond to circumstances that are not completely dictated by accepted theory or outstanding problems. While the field of economics makes sharp distinctions and produces precise theory, the work of experimental economics sometimes appear blurred and may produce results that vary from strong support to little or partial support of the relevant theory. At a recent conference, a question was asked about where experimental methods might be more useful than field methods. Although many cannot be answered by experimental methods, there are questions that can only be answered by experiments. Much of the progress of experimental methods involves the posing of old or new questions in a way that experimental methods can be applied. The title of the book reflects the spirit of adventure that experimentalists share and focuses on experiments in general rather than forcing an organization into traditional categories that do not fit. The emphasis reflects the fact that the results do not necessarily demonstrate a consistent theme, but instead reflect bits and pieces of progress as opportunities to pose questions become recognized. This book is a result of an invitation sent from the editors to a broad range of experimenters asking them to write brief notes describing specific experimental results. The challenge was to produce pictures and tables that were self-contained so the reader could understand quickly the essential nature of the experiments and the results.


Modern Economic Regulation

Modern Economic Regulation

Author: Christopher Decker

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2023-06-08

Total Pages: 780

ISBN-13: 1009092553

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Economic regulation affects us all, shaping how we access essential services such as water, energy and transport, as well as how we communicate with one another in the digital world. Modern Economic Regulation describes the core insights of economic theory on which regulatory policies are based and connects this with evidence of how regulation is applied. It focuses on fundamental questions such as: why are certain industries regulated? What principles can inform regulation? How is regulation implemented? Which regulatory policies have been more, or less, effective in practice? All chapters in this second edition are fully updated to reflect the latest research and evidence, while five new chapters cover behavioural economics and the regulation of rail, aviation, payment systems and digital platforms. Each chapter contains discussion questions and topical case studies, and online materials include over 60 applied exercises that explore real-life regulatory problems from around the world.