Positron Annihilation - ICPA-10 presents new results and ideas of researchers who seek more profound understanding of the nature of positron annihilation. All these scientific and technological thoughts are included in these two-volume proceedings, which contain 7 review talks, 203 contributed papers (among them, 20 are invited), and 3 summary talks. The volume is complete with keyword and author indices.
There is no doubt that, when it comes to the study of the structures and defects of materials, there is presently no technique that rivals positron annihilation. The increasing demands for higher accuracy and reliability provide a constant stimulus to the field, and the present work presents the newest and most important scientific discoveries made in the field of positron annihilation. Many important new results concerning positron and positronium studies of nano-materials, defects, porous materials, low-k dielectrics, polymers, liquids, atomic physics and new instrumentation are reported in the present contributions; presented by experts from all over the world. There can be no better way of keeping up with this rapidly advancing field.
For one and a half decades, the application of positron annihilation to condensed-matter physics concentrated on the study of the Fermi surfaces of metals and alloys. As other, often more powerful, techniques for performing this type of study were developed, it appeared that condensed-matter positron physics was going to be relegated to being a niche interest. However, the situation changed dramatically when it was found that measurements of positron annihilation in metals were sensitive to the structures of well-known defects. This discovery, and subsequent research made it a major tool in materials science.
The only critical discussion available on the chemistry of the two "strange" light particles, the positron and positronium, with much space devoted to the excess electron. Positron annihilation allows the investigation of many unusual phenomena in the reaction kinetics of the positron, positronium, and excess electron, and in radiation chemistry and physics, while also providing important information on defects in solids.
This workshop on the subject of positron and positronium chemistry is the third international conference after those in Blacksburg, Virginia (1979), and in Arlington, Texas (1986). The fields of interests are interdisciplinary, such as radiation chemistry, superconductivity polymer chemistry, biochemistry, quantum chemistry and nuclear chemistry.
Recent developments have enabled the production of in-pack processed foods with improved sensory quality as well as new types of heat-preserved products packaged in innovative containers. This book reviews these advances in packaging formats and processing technologies and their application to produce higher quality, safer foods.Opening chapters cover innovative can designs and non-traditional packaging formats, such as retort pouches. The second part of the book reviews the developments in processing and process control technology required by newer types of packaging. Part three addresses the safety of in-pack processed foods, including concerns over pathogens and hazardous compounds in processed foods. The book concludes with chapters on novel methods to optimise the quality of particular types of in-pack processed foods such as fruit and vegetables, meat, poultry and fish products.In-pack processed foods: improving quality is a valuable reference for professionals involved in the manufacture of this important group of food products and those researching in this area. - Reviews advances in packaging formats and processing technologies - Covers innovative can designs and non-traditional packaging formats - Examines the safety of in-pack processed foods, including concerns over pathogens
When it comes to studying the structures and defects of materials, there is presently no technique that is superior to positron annihilation. The increasing demands for higher accuracy and reliability provide a constant stimulus to the field, and the present book relates the newest and most important scientific discoveries made in the field of positron annihilation.
This book is a broad review of the electronic structure of metals and alloys. It emphasises the way in which the behavior of electrons in these materials governs the thermodynamic and other properties of these conducting materials. The theoretical treatment proceeds from a wave mechanics approach to more sophisticated techniques for the description of the properties of metals and alloys.