The purpose of this study was to determine if there is a relationship between media consumption and gender roles beliefs, sexual beliefs, interpersonal violence acceptance, and rape myth acceptance, based on an attitudinal survey structured from Martha Burt's (1980) Sexual Attitudes Survey. This research consisted of 100 respondents from a Mid-Atlantic Historically Black University. The main focus of this research was an analytic emphasis between the consumption of media outlets, such as magazines, movies, music, and television. Using the statistical process of Cramer's v, this research was able to determine if there were relationships between the aforementioned variables and media consumption. The findings were consistent with research conducted previously on this topic and confirmed that entertainment outlets do have an impact on how women are viewed. The variables HITTING, "a man is never justified in hitting a woman", and ENJOY "women secretly enjoy being raped", were present in all variables of the movie analysis between the presence of violence, violence against women, and rape. The variable ENJOY, "women secretly enjoy being raped", was also found to be prevalent in the music genre category. 93% of respondents either disagreed or strongly disagreed with the statement "Women secretly enjoy being raped". The variable COLD, "using force is the only way to turn on a cold woman", produced the strongest association observed throughout the entire study (Cramer's v=.628) in relation to the variable of religion. This research begins to show that there is a significant relationship between media consumption and it impacts how women are viewed. -- Abstract.
Resisting Rape Culture through Pop Culture: Sex After #MeToo provides audiences with constructive models of affirmative consent, tender masculinity, and pleasure in popular culture that work to challenge toxic dominant and hegemonic constructions. While numerous scholars have illustrated the many ways mediated culture shape social understandings of sexual violence, this book analyzes texts that might serve to resist rape culture. This project locates how these texts manufacture cinematic or televisual narratives and in turn work to create new realities that encourage cultural and social change. Kelly Wilz analyzes the ways in which we, as a culture, tend to understand sex through visual media and dominant cultural myths, while highlighting productive texts which might serve as a possible corrective to the ways in which sex is ritualized by rules that legitimize violence. Through the lens of productive criticism, Wilz examines how language and dominant ideologies around rape culture and rape myths reinforce systemic violence, and how visual texts might work to reimagine how we might disrupt those ideologies and create new ways to engage in conversations around intimacy and violence. By centering the voices within the #MeToo movement, who actively work to de-normalize sexual assault and abuse, these models provide a useful counter to the deluge of dehumanizing narratives about survivors and sexualized violence. Scholars of pop culture, women’s studies, media studies, and social justice will find this book particularly useful.
From its origins in academic discourse in the 1970s to our collective imagination today, the concept of “rape culture” has resonated in a variety of spheres, including television, gaming, comic book culture, and college campuses. Beyond Blurred Lines traces ways that sexual violence is collectively processed, mediated, negotiated, and contested by exploring public reactions to high-profile incidents and rape narratives in popular culture. The concept of rape culture was initially embraced in popular media – mass media, social media, and popular culture – and contributed to a social understanding of sexual violence that mirrored feminist concerns about the persistence of rape myths and victim-blaming. However, it was later challenged by skeptics who framed the concept as a moral panic. Nickie D. Phillips documents how the conversation shifted from substantiating claims of a rape culture toward growing scrutiny of the prevalence of sexual assault on college campuses. This, in turn, renewed attention toward false allegations, and away from how college enforcement policies fail victims to how they endanger accused young men. Ultimately, she successfully lends insight into how the debates around rape culture, including microaggressions, gendered harassment and so-called political correctness, inform our collective imaginations and shape our attitudes toward criminal justice and policy responses to sexual violence.
Rape Culture Hysteria: Fixing the Damage Done to Men and Women offers a comprehensive overview and debunking of the "rape culture" myth that has devastated campuses and is spilling into Main Street America. An ideological madness is grotesquely distorting North America's view of sexuality. The book applies sanity to the claims that men are natural rapists and our culture encourages sexual violence. Written by a libertarian feminist and rape survivor, Rape Culture Hysteria opens with a highly personal appeal to depoliticize rape and treat it instead as a crime. Victims need to heal. Politicizing their pain and rage is a callous political maneuver that harms victims, women and men. Chapter One: The Fiction of the Rape Culture defines the "rape culture" and explains why it does not exist in North America. It glances back at how the fiction became embedded into society, especially in academia. Then it looks forward to an emerging rape culture trend that will deeply impact daily life: microaggressions. Chapter Two: Intellectual Framework and Myth History of Rape Culture. The myth did not arise in an intellectual vacuum. In a straight-forward manner, Chapter Two explains the theories upon which the rape culture is based, including social construction, gender, patriarchy, post-Marxism, and social justice. It rejects three of the rape culture's founding beliefs: rape is facilitated by society; men have created a mass psychology of rape; and, rape is a part of normal life. Chapter Three: Dynamics of the Hysteria and Psychology of Rape Culture True Believers. The dynamics of rape culture politics are exposed through the behavior of its social justice warriors. A recent travesty is used to showcase those dynamics. On November 19, 2014, Rolling Stone accused members of a University of Virginia fraternity of gang-raping a female student. The accusation was quickly revealed as untrue. The unraveling at U-Va. is a perfect vehicle to illustrate how rape culture dogma is maintained even when it is revealed to be untrue. The chapter discusses effective tactics with which to handle social justice warriors. Chapter Four: Data, False and True. The rape culture myth is based on untrue and unfounded "facts," which have been repeatedly refuted. Yet they lumber on as zombie stats, kept alive by those to whom the lies are useful and so are repeated like a mantra that drowns out contradicting evidence. This chapter examines of some of the more prevalent zombie stats such as "one in every 4 or 5 women will be raped in their lifetimes." Where did the faux "facts" originate? What evidence, if any, supports them? Which stats better reflect reality? Chapter Five: Comparative Studies and Surveys. This chapter compares and contrasts four of the most important, frequently cited studies and surveys on rape: National Crime Victimization Survey; National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey; Campus Sexual Assault Study; and, Uniform Crime Reporting Program. They are analyzed independently but also compared to each other, including major strengths and weaknesses. Lesser studies are also analyzed in passing. Chapter Six: Harms of the Rape Culture. The gender war must end. Chapter Six offers in-depth analysis of the extreme damage it inflicts on innocent people, with emphasis on the damage done to victims of rape. Victims are a focus because rape culture adherents claim to be their greatest champions; the opposite is true. Chapter Seven: Solutions to Rape Culture Hysteria. Moving Toward Sanity. We can fix this. This is the ultimate message of the book. Undoing the damage is not only possible but also within reach. The solutions offered range from radical suggestions, such as abolishing the Department of Education, to more modest ones, such as recognizing rape as a criminal matter to be handled by police. Defend yourself and your children against rape culture zealots. Demand sanity.
"Using historical and current examples from film, television, literature, advertisements, and music, this book reveals the ways that rape and abuse are typically presented--and misrepresented--and evaluates the impact of these depictions on consumers -- Addresses both positive and negative depictions of domestic abuse and sexual assault from recent popular culture, utilizing examples from film, television, literature, music, advertisements, and more -- Presents information that is ideal for undergraduate courses in gender studies, sociology, and psychology as well as communications and popular culture classes -- Utilizes the most current research on dating and domestic and sexual violence to clearly demonstrate the importance of how these issues and crimes are depicted in popular culture -- Provides a comprehensive appendix of additional resources that directs students in investigating the topic further"--
From ‘Aggressive Masculinity’ to ‘Rape Culture’ is the fifth volume in this series and explores the relationship between gender and sex roles and socialisation and education, foregrounding issues of inequity and different forms of oppression in various contexts. It tells a rich story of transformation of a field over nearly half a century, in relation to the theorisation of gender and sexuality in educational philosophy and theory. The transformation of this field is mapped on to broader social trends during the same period, enabling a better understanding of the potential role of educational philosophy and theory in developing feminist, queer, and related veins of scholarship in the future. The collection of texts focuses on a wide range of topics, including nature versus nurture and the debate over whether gender and sex roles are natural or based upon culture and socialisation, gender and sexual binaries, and how power is organised and circulates within educational spaces (including possibly online spaces) with regard to enabling or disrupting sexually oppressive or violently gendered social conditions. Other important trends include Internet activism and the use of intersectional theory, postcolonial theory, and global studies approaches. From ‘Aggressive Masculinity’ to ‘Rape Culture’ will be key reading for academics, researchers and postgraduate students in the fields of philosophy of education, philosophy, education, educational theory, post-structural theory, the policy and politics of education, and the pedagogy of education.
“Violence is nurturance turned backwards,” writes Nora Samaran. In Turn This World Inside Out, she presents Nurturance Culture as the opposite of rape culture and suggests how alternative models of care and accountability—different from “call-outs,” which are often rooted in the politics of shame and guilt—can move toward inverting cultures of dominance and systems of oppression. When communities are able to recognize and speak up about systemic violence, center the needs of those harmed, and hold a circle of belonging that humanizes everyone, they create a revolutionary foundation of nurturance that can begin to repair the harms inflicted by patriarchy, white supremacy, and capitalism. Emerging out of insights in Gender Studies, Race Theory, and Psychology, and influenced by contemporary social movements, Turn This World Inside Out speaks to some of the most pressing issues of our time.
Many people have been victims of rape, but we are all victims of what has been called a "rape culture." This topic deserves more attention towards education and prevention, and not just on the college campus. Rape culture is an idea that links rape and sexual violence to the culture of a society, and in which commonly-held beliefs, attitudes, and practices normalize, excuse, tolerate, and even condone rape. This edited collection examines rape culture in the context of the current programming-attitudes, education, and awareness. Contributors explore changing the programming in terms of educational processes, practices, and experiences associated with rape culture across diverse cultural, historical, and geographic locations. The complexity of rape culture is discussed from a variety of contexts and perspectives, as this volume contains interdisciplinary academic submissions from educators and students, as well as experiential accounts from members of various community settings who are doing work aimed at making a positive difference towards programming change.
Soon after the sexual misconduct allegations against film producer Harvey Weinstein became public in late 2017, the #MeToo movement went viral, opening up an explosive conversation about rape culture around the globe. In the US, someone is sexually assaulted every 98 seconds. More than 320,000 Americans over the age of twelve are sexually assaulted each year. Men are victims too. One in thirty-three American men will be sexually assaulted or raped in his lifetime. Yet only 3 percentof rapists ever serve time in jail. Learn about the patriarchal constructs that support rape culture and how to dismantle them: redefining healthy manhood and sexuality, believing victims, improving social and legal systems and workplace environments, evaluating media with a critical eye, and standing up to speak out. Case studies provide a well-rounded view of real people on all sides of the issues.
In the wake of the MeToo movement, revelations of sexual assault and harassment continue to disrupt sexual politics across the globe. Reports of recurrent and widespread misconduct – in workplaces from doctors' offices to factory floors – are precipitating firings, legal actions, street protests, and policy punditry. Meenakshi Gigi Durham situates media culture as a place in which these broader social struggles are enacted and reproduced. The media figures whose depravity sparked the #MeToo movement are symbolic markers of the complexities of sexual desire and consent. Pop culture sparks controversies about rape culture; social media users have launched feminist resistance that turned to real-world activism; investigative journalists have broken stories of assault, offering a platform for survivors to speak truth to patriarchal power. Arguing that the media are a linchpin in these events, Durham provides a feminist account of the interrelated contexts of media production, representation, and reception. She situates media as the key site where the establishment of sexuality and social relations takes place, and traces the media's powerful role in both reifying and challenging rape culture. This timely and stimulating book will be of interest to students and scholars of media, communication, gender studies, and sociology, as well as anyone concerned by the current state of sexual politics.
