Polar Oxides
Polar Oxides

Author: Rainer Waser

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2006-03-06

Total Pages: 391

ISBN-13: 3527604898

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Here, more than 20 experts from leading research institutes around the world present the entire scope of this rapidly developing field. In so doing, they cover a wide range of topics, including the characterization and investigation of structural, dielectric and piezoelectric properties of ceramic materials, a well as phase transitions, electrical and optical properties and microscopic investigations. Another feature is a complete profile of the properties of polar oxides -- from their proof to their latest applications. Throughout, the authors review, discuss and assess the material properties with regard to new and advanced characterization and imaging techniques. For physicists, physicochemists, semiconductor and solid state physicists, materials scientists, and students of chemistry and physics.

Polarization Effects in Semiconductors
Polarization Effects in Semiconductors

Author: Colin Wood

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2007-10-16

Total Pages: 523

ISBN-13: 0387683194

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This book presents the latest understanding of the solid physics, electronic implications and practical applications of the unique spontaneous or pyro-electric polarization charge of hexagonal semiconductors, and the piezo-electric effects in thin film hetero-structures which are used in wide forbidden band gap sensor, electronic and opto-electronic semiconductor devices.

Magnetic, Ferroelectric, and Multiferroic Metal Oxides
Magnetic, Ferroelectric, and Multiferroic Metal Oxides

Author: Biljana Stojanovic

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2018-01-02

Total Pages: 661

ISBN-13: 012811181X

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Magnetic, Ferroelectric, and Multiferroic Metal Oxides covers the fundamental and theoretical aspects of ferroics and magnetoelectrics, their properties, and important technological applications, serving as the most comprehensive, up-to-date reference on the subject. Organized in four parts, Dr. Biljana Stojanovic leads expert contributors in providing the context to understand the material (Part I: Introduction), the theoretical and practical aspects of ferroelectrics (Part II: Ferroelectrics: From Theory, Structure and Preparation to Application), magnetic metal oxides (Part III: Magnetic Oxides: Ferromagnetics, Antiferromagnetics and Ferrimagnetics), multiferroics (Part IV: Multiferroic Metal Oxides) and future directions in research and application (Part V: Future of Metal Oxide Ferroics and Multiferroics). As ferroelectric materials are used to make capacitors with high dielectric constant, transducers, and actuators, and in sensors, reed heads, and memories based on giant magnetoresistive effects, this book will provide an ideal source for the most updated information. Addresses ferroelectrics, ferromagnetics and multiferroelectrics, providing a one-stop reference for researchers Provides fundamental theory and relevant, important technological applications Highlights their use in capacitors with high dielectric constant, transducers, and actuators, and in sensors, reed heads, and memories based on giant magnetoresistive effects

Oxide Surfaces
Oxide Surfaces

Author:

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2001-05-21

Total Pages: 677

ISBN-13: 0080538312

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The book is a multi-author survey (in 15 chapters) of the current state of knowledge and recent developments in our understanding of oxide surfaces. The author list includes most of the acknowledged world experts in this field. The material covered includes fundamental theory and experimental studies of the geometrical, vibrational and electronic structure of such surfaces, but with a special emphasis on the chemical properties and associated reactivity. The main focus is on metal oxides but coverage extends from 'simple' rocksalt materials such as MgO through to complex transition metal oxides with different valencies.

Oxide Materials at the Two-Dimensional Limit
Oxide Materials at the Two-Dimensional Limit

Author: Falko P. Netzer

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2016-04-01

Total Pages: 403

ISBN-13: 3319283324

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This book summarizes the current knowledge of two-dimensional oxide materials. The fundamental properties of 2-D oxide systems are explored in terms of atomic structure, electronic behavior and surface chemistry. The concept of polarity in determining the stability of 2-D oxide layers is examined, charge transfer effects in ultrathin oxide films are reviewed as well as the role of defects in 2-D oxide films. The novel structure concepts that apply in oxide systems of low dimensionality are addressed, and a chapter giving an overview of state-of-the-art theoretical methods for electronic structure determination of nanostructured oxides is included. Special emphasis is given to a balanced view from the experimental and the theoretical side. Two-dimensional materials, and 2-D oxides in particular, have outstanding behavior due to dimensionality and proximity effects. Several chapters treat prototypical model systems as illustrative examples to discuss the peculiar physical and chemical properties of 2-D oxide systems. The chapters are written by renowned experts in the field.

Biological Effects of Cholesterol Oxides
Biological Effects of Cholesterol Oxides

Author: Shi-Kaung Peng

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 1991-11-22

Total Pages: 222

ISBN-13: 9780849367762

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In recent years, researchers have accumulated a growing body of evidence linking cholesterol oxides with human diseases such as atherosclerosis and cancer. This book presents what is presently known about the biological activities of cholesterol oxides and is intended to stimulate thinking in new areas of diet-heart or diet-cancer research. Topics discussed include the oxidation of cholesterol, methods of analysis of cholesterol oxides, cholesterol oxide content in foods, effects of cholesterol oxides on cell membranes, and cytotoxicity of cholesterol oxides. The book will be an essential reference source for researchers working directly with cholesterol and cholesterol oxides, as well as researchers concerned with the wider aspects of chemistry, biology, and medicine.

Correlated Functional Oxides
Correlated Functional Oxides

Author: Hiroaki Nishikawa

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2016-11-01

Total Pages: 241

ISBN-13: 3319437798

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This book introduces a variety of basic sciences and applications of the nanocomposites and heterostructures of functional oxides. The presence of a high density of interfaces and the differences in their natures are described by the authors. Both nanocomposites and heterostructures are detailed in depth by researchers from each of the research areas in order to compare their similarities and differences. A new interfacial material of heterostructure of strongly correlated electron systems is introduced.

Formation of Ferroelectricity in Hafnium Oxide Based Thin Films
Formation of Ferroelectricity in Hafnium Oxide Based Thin Films

Author: Tony Schenk

Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand

Published: 2017-03-15

Total Pages: 194

ISBN-13: 3743127296

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In 2011, Böscke et al. reported the unexpected discovery of ferroelectric properties in hafnia based thin films, which has since initiated many further studies and revitalized research on the topic of ferroelectric memories. In spite of many efforts, the unveiling of the fundamentals behind this surprising discovery has proven rather challenging. In this work, the originally claimed Pca21 phase is experimentally proven to be the root of the ferroelectric properties and the nature of this ferroelectricity is classified in the frame of existing concepts of ferroelectric materials. Parameters to stabilize this polar phase are examined from a theoretical and fabrication point of view. With these very basic questions addressed, the application relevant electric field cycling behavior is studied. The results of first-order reversal curves, impedance spectroscopy, scanning transmission electron microscopy and piezoresponse force microscopy significantly advance the understanding of structural mechanisms underlying wake-up, fatigue and the novel phenomenon of split-up/merging of transient current peaks. The impact of field cycling behavior on applications like ferroelectric memories is highlighted and routes to optimize it are derived. These findings help to pave the road for a successful commercialization of hafnia based ferroelectrics.

Handbook of Mechanical Nanostructuring
Handbook of Mechanical Nanostructuring

Author: Mahmood Aliofkhazraei

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2015-02-10

Total Pages: 816

ISBN-13: 3527674977

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Providing in-depth information on how to obtain high-performance materials by controlling their nanostructures, this ready reference covers both the bottom-up and the top-down approaches to the synthesis and processing of nanostructured materials. The focus is on advanced methods of mechanical nanostructuring such as severe plastic deformation, including high pressure torsion, equal channel angular processing, cyclic extrusion compression, accumulative roll bonding, and surface mechanical attrition treatment. As such, the contents are inherently application-oriented, with the methods presented able to be easily integrated into existing production processes. In addition, the structure-property relationships and ways of influencing the nanostructure in order to exhibit a desired functionality are reviewed in detail. The whole is rounded off by a look at future directions, followed by an overview of applications in various fields of structural and mechanical engineering. With its solutions for successful processing of complex-shaped workpieces and large-scale specimens with desired properties, this is an indispensable tool for purposeful materials design.

Synthesis, Structure, Characterization, and Functional Properties of New Mixed Metal Polar Oxides
Synthesis, Structure, Characterization, and Functional Properties of New Mixed Metal Polar Oxides

Author: Sau Doan Nguyen

Publisher:

Published: 2012

Total Pages:

ISBN-13:

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Functional polar oxide materials occupy a very crucial position in modern technology. The polar oxide materials exhibit many technologically important properties like second-harmonic generation, piezoelectricity, pyroelectricity, and possibly ferroelectricity caused by their polar crystal structure. Though the structure-property relationship in polar oxide materials is well studied, the understanding of how the structural building units are joined to form a new polar crystal structure has been less sufficient. A synthetic approach using cations susceptible to second-order Jahn Teller (SOJT) distortion like octahedrally coordinated d0 cations (Ti4+, V5+, Mo6+) and lone-pair cations (Sn2+, Sb3+, Te4+) is successful in preparing new polar oxide materials. We were successful in preparing several new polar oxide materials, Zn2(MoO4)(AO3) (A = Se4+, Te4+) (P21), BiO(IO3) (Pca21), Li6(Mo2O5)3(SeO3)6 (Pmn21), Na2(WO3)3(SeO3)2H2O (P31c), and Na6(W6O19)(SeO3)2 (C2) and other centrosymmetric materials, Li2(MO4)(TeO3)2 (M = Mo6+, W6+) (P21/n). In this dissertation, we report the syntheses, crystal structures, physical properties, functional properties, and understanding of the structure-property relationship of the reported oxide materials.