The climate in a region affects all aspects of life. This book looks at polar climates. It explores the characteristics of the land and weather in regions with polar climates, and how plants, animals, and people have adapted to life in polar regions. The effects of climate change and other developmentsÊ are also covered.
This early work by Alfred Russel Wallace was originally published in 1879 and we are now republishing it with a brand new introductory biography. 'Glacial Epochs and Warm Polar Climates' is an essay on various geological ages in the earth's history. Alfred Russel Wallace was born on 8th January 1823 in the village of Llanbadoc, in Monmouthshire, Wales. Wallace was inspired by the travelling naturalists of the day and decided to begin his exploration career collecting specimens in the Amazon rainforest. He explored the Rio Negra for four years, making notes on the peoples and languages he encountered as well as the geography, flora, and fauna. While travelling, Wallace refined his thoughts about evolution and in 1858 he outlined his theory of natural selection in an article he sent to Charles Darwin. Wallace made a huge contribution to the natural sciences and he will continue to be remembered as one of the key figures in the development of evolutionary theory.
There is an increased awareness of the importance of polar regions, and their vulnerability to anthropogenic derived change. This book offers a concise but comprehensive introduction to polar ecology. The emphasis is on the organisms that dominate these environments although pollution, conservation and experimental aspects are also considered.
Fungi that inhabit polar-region can grow and decompose organic compounds under subzero temperatures play important roles in the nutrient cycle of polar-region ecosystems. Thus, changes in the mycoflora affect the ecological recycling in these regions, and understanding the cold-adaptation strategies of fungi under extreme environments is critical for a better understanding of polar-region ecosystems. Due to their ability to survive under extreme environments, fungi in polar-region are seen to show potential for utilization in biotechnologies. This book presents our current understanding of the mycoflora in polar-region and their cold adaptation strategies, and applied studies using their abilities.
Cruises are the primary form of tourism in the Polar Regions and cruise ship tourism in both the Arctic and Antarctic is expanding rapidly. The industry has moved beyond its infancy, and is now entering a maturing phase with increased numbers and types of vessels, more demanding routes, and more regular and predictable patterns of activity. The increase in cruise activities, and the associated risks of accidents, as well as the potential and actual impacts of the large numbers of tourists in the polar regions bring with it management challenges for sustainable use of these regions. This book discusses critically the issues around environmental and social sustainability of the cruise industry in Polar Regions. Authors from Canada, USA, Europe, Australia and New Zealand are experts in their respective fields and take an innovative, critical and at times controversial approach to the subject.
Discover fresh perspectives on alcoholism treatment and research with this enlightening new book describing the work of researchers at the Novosibirsk Medical Institute, USSR. By using specific examples of their studies in Siberia, the reserachers offer an innovative approach to the treatment of addictive disorders in general. Instead of focusing on the drinking behavior itself, the treatment focuses on the relation of the problem to the interaction of economic, social, and psychological factors. To address the question of whether alcoholics should all be treated in the same way, or if alcholism treatment should be more individualized in approach, chapters are devoted to the differences between alcoholism in women, adolescents, and alchoholics who are afflicted with “rapid development of alcholism syndrome.” The research examples in Addictive Disorders in Arctic Climates benefits professionals involved in the treatment of alcholism by introducing new perspectives and broadening contemporary research.