Depuis une quinzaine d'années, l'interculturalité est à juste titre au centre des préoccupations, car d'elle dépend l'avenir d'un monde, certes, globalisé, mais toujours pluriel où l'on s'enrichit des différences plutôt que de tenter de les réduire au nom d'intérêts économiques préjudiciables ou au contraire de les exacerber au nom d'intérêts politiques non moins dangereux.
Suite aux trois précédents portant sur le sujet des minorités culturelles historiques dans les pays latins d’Europe (n°12), en Afrique (n°13) et dans les Pays d’Europe Centrale et Orientale (n°15), cet ouvrage apporte des regards complémentaires sur l’Europe, les continents américains et l’Asie. Les constats mis en évidence montrent bien que le sujet est universel et loin d’être traité de façon satisfaisante au sein des États du monde. Tout en relevant des pratiques convergentes ou divergentes, il permet aussi d’apprécier l’action des institutions internationales et des organisations de la société civile allant dans le sens de la reconnaissance et du respect de la diversité culturelle avec leurs spécificités (langues, cultures, traditions, religions etc.). En s'inscrivant dans un cadre « régional », à la fois historique, politique, linguistique, démographique, juridique et culturel, les travaux et réflexions proposés aux lecteurs se placent dans les perspectives de la mondialisation de l’information, de la communication et des industries culturelles en général, ainsi que dans la dynamique du progrès dans la compréhension des peuples et des cultures dont témoigne l’Unesco. Les perspectives ouvertes concernent aussi bien l’évolution démographique des populations concernées, l’application du droit international, que la gestion des conflits actuels, ou prévisibles par anticipation, et les modalités de l’évolution économique, dont celle des médias.
This comprehensive, state-of-the-art reference work provides the first systematic review to date of how sociologists have studied the relationship between race/ethnicity and educational inequality over the last thirty years in eighteen different national contexts.
Recent developments in education, such as the increasing linguistic diversity in school populations and the digital revolution which has led to new ways of being, learning and socialising, have brought about fresh challenges and opportunities. In response, this book shows how technology enriches multilingual language learning, as well as how multilingual practices enrich computer assisted language learning (CALL) by bringing together two, thus far distinct, fields of research: CALL and multilingual approaches to language learning. The collection includes contributions from researchers and practitioners from three continents to illustrate how native languages, previously studied languages, heritage languages or dialects are activated through technology in formal and informal learning situations. The studies in this book showcase multilingual language use in chat rooms, computer games, digital stories, ebook apps, online texts and telecollaboration/virtual exchange via interactive whiteboards. This volume will be of interest to researchers interested in language learning and teaching and to practitioners looking for support in seizing the opportunities presented by the multilingual, digital classroom.
During the Second World War the Bodleian Library in Oxford acquired a set of Aramaic letters, eight sealings, and the two leather bags in which the sealed letters were once stored. The letters concern the affairs of Aršāma, satrap of Egypt in the later fifth century. Taken with other material associated with him (mostly in Aramaic, Demotic Egyptian, and Akkadian), they illuminate the Achaemenid world of which Aršāama was a privileged member and evoke a wide range of social, economic, cultural, organizational, and political perspectives, from multi-lingual communication, storage and disbursement of resources, and satrapal remuneration, to cross-regional ethnic movement, long-distance travel, religious practice, and iconographic projection of ideological messages. Particular highlights include a travel authorization (the only example of something implicit in numerous Persepolis documents), texts about the religious life of the Judaean garrison at Elephantine, Aršāma's magnificent seal (a masterpiece of Achaemenid glyptic, inherited from a son of Darius I), and echoes of temporary disturbances to Persian management of Egypt. But what is also impressive is the underlying sense of systematic coherence founded on and expressed in the use of formal, even formalized, written communication as a means of control. The Aršāma dossier is not alone in evoking that sense, but its size, variety, and focus upon a single individual give it a unique quality. Though this material has not been hidden from view, it has been insufficiently explored: it is the purpose of the three volumes of Aršāma and his World: The Bodleian Letters in Context to provide the fullest presentation and historical contextualization of this extraordinary cache yet attempted. Volume I presents and translates the letters alongside a detailed line-by-line commentary, while Volume II reconstructs the two seals that made the clay bullae that sealed the letters, with special attention to Aršāma's magnificent heirloom seal. Volume III comprises a series of thematic essays which further explore the administrative, economic, military, ideological, religious, and artistic environment to which Aršāma and the letters belonged.
Non-linguistic conflicts are often projected on to language differences, and may be played out in the language policies of governments and other holders of power. This text deals broadly with this interaction of language issues and political process.
