Chemistry and Physics of Fracture
Chemistry and Physics of Fracture

Author: R.M. Latanision

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 726

ISBN-13: 9400936656

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For many years it has been recognized that engineering materials that are-tough and ductile can be rendered susceptible to premature fracture through their reaction with the environment. Over 100 years ago, Reynolds associated hydrogen with detrimental effects on the ductility of iron. The "season cracking" of brass has been a known problem for dec ades, but the mechanisms for this stress-corrosion process are only today being elucidated. In more recent times, the mechanical properties of most engineering materials have been shown to be adversely affected by hydrogen embrittlement or stress-corrosion cracking. Early studies of environmental effects on crack growth attempted to identify a unified theory to explain the crack growth behavior of groups of materials in a variety of environments. It is currently understood that there are numerous stress-corrosion processes some of which may be common to several materials, but that the crack growth behavior of a given material is dependent on microstructure, microchemistry, mechanics, surface chemistry, and solution chemistry. Although the mechanism by which various chemical species in the environment may cause cracks to propagate in some materials but not in others is very complex, the net result of all environmentally induced fracture is the reduction in the force and energy associated with the tensile or shear separation of atoms at the crack tip.

Boundary Integral Equations in Elasticity Theory
Boundary Integral Equations in Elasticity Theory

Author: A.M. Linkov

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2013-11-11

Total Pages: 286

ISBN-13: 9401599149

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by the author to the English edition The book aims to present a powerful new tool of computational mechanics, complex variable boundary integral equations (CV-BIE). The book is conceived as a continuation of the classical monograph by N. I. Muskhelishvili into the computer era. Two years have passed since the Russian edition of the present book. We have seen growing interest in numerical simulation of media with internal structure, and have evidence of the potential of the new methods. The evidence was especially clear in problems relating to multiple grains, blocks, cracks, inclusions and voids. This prompted me, when preparing the English edition, to place more emphasis on such topics. The other change was inspired by Professor Graham Gladwell. It was he who urged me to abridge the chain of formulae and to increase the number of examples. Now the reader will find more examples showing the potential and advantages of the analysis. The first chapter of the book contains a simple exposition of the theory of real variable potentials, including the hypersingular potential and the hypersingular equations. This makes up for the absence of such exposition in current textbooks, and reveals important links between the real variable BIE and the complex variable counterparts. The chapter may also help readers who are learning or lecturing on the boundary element method.

Defects, Fracture and Fatigue
Defects, Fracture and Fatigue

Author: G. Sih

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 480

ISBN-13: 9400968213

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The Second International Symposium on Defects, Fracture and Fatigue took place at Mont Gabriel, Quebec, Canada, May 30 to June 5, 1982, and was organized by the Mechanical Engineering Department of McGill University and Institute of Fracture and Solid Mechanics, Lehigh University. The Co-Chairmen of the Sympo sium were Professor G.C. Sih of Lehigh University and Professor J.W. Provan of McGill University. Among those who served on the Organizing Committee were G.C. Sih (Co-Chairman), J.W. Provan (Co-Chairman), H. Mughrabi, H. Zorski, R. Bullough, M. Matczynski, G. Barenblatt and G. Caglioti. As a result of the interest expressed at the First Symposium that was held in October 1980, in Po land, the need for a follow-up meeting to further explore the phenomena of mate rial damage became apparent. Among the areas considered were dislocations, per sistent-slip-bands, void creation, microcracking, microstructure effects, micro/ macro fracture mechanics, ductile fracture criteria, fatigue crack initiation and propagation, stress and failure analysis, deterministic and statistical crack models, and fracture control. This wide spectrum of topics attracted researchers and engineers in solid state physics, continuum mechanics, applied mathematics, metallurgy and fracture mechanics from many different countries. This spectrum is also indicative of the interdisciplinary character of material damage that must be addressed at the atomic, microscopic and macroscopic scale level.

Cities and Their Vital Systems
Cities and Their Vital Systems

Author: Advisory Committee on Technology and Society

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 1989

Total Pages: 1298

ISBN-13: 9780309037860

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Cities and Their Vital Systems asks basic questions about the longevity, utility, and nature of urban infrastructures; analyzes how they grow, interact, and change; and asks how, when, and at what cost they should be replaced. Among the topics discussed are problems arising from increasing air travel and airport congestion; the adequacy of water supplies and waste treatment; the impact of new technologies on construction; urban real estate values; and the field of "telematics," the combination of computers and telecommunications that makes money machines and national newspapers possible.

Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports
Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports

Author:

Publisher:

Published: 1989

Total Pages: 896

ISBN-13:

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Lists citations with abstracts for aerospace related reports obtained from world wide sources and announces documents that have recently been entered into the NASA Scientific and Technical Information Database.