Physicochemistry of Petroleum Dispersions in Refining Technology
Physicochemistry of Petroleum Dispersions in Refining Technology

Author: Maciej Paczuski

Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand

Published: 2024-03-06

Total Pages: 130

ISBN-13: 0850145287

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The book describes the results of research dealing with two types of petroleum dispersions: water in petroleum fractions and fuels as well as asphaltenes in crude oil. Such industrial research is aimed at acquiring new knowledge useful for improving processes and products. The main goal of the research carried out was to solve problems of refining technology and the exploitation of petroleum products. Some of the developed solutions have been patented and applied in industry. The problem of solubilizing a small technological amount of water in gasoline and diesel fuels with the aid of surfactant compositions has been successfully resolved. This solution has been used in business practice; it also increases the water tolerance of gasoline with 5% ethanol and allows for the effective use of LPG. The coalescence on fibrous barriers for dewatering fractions from the atmospheric distillation of crude oil allowed for the economic removal of dispersed water and additionally - the removal from diesel distillates of a significant part of the mineral contaminations. A coalescing method of removing sodium lye dispersed in heavy gasoline from the FCC process was successfully used in an industrial plant, replacing the sand filter used in Merox technology. The deep dehydration of the hydrotreated kerosene fraction by evaporating water into an inert gas, a nitrogen blanket, was developed. The product was additionally protected against the aging processes. The influence of pyrolysis oil, a waste product of the pyrolysis process, on the physical structure of crude oil was investigated. The results of the laboratory tests were verified in industrial trials in the AVD plant. Positive test results made it possible to use pyrolysis oil on an industrial scale changing the dispersion structure and properties of crude oil as well as distillation results.

Environmental Analysis and Technology for the Refining Industry
Environmental Analysis and Technology for the Refining Industry

Author: James G. Speight

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2005-09-02

Total Pages: 368

ISBN-13: 0471739847

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A timely, hands-on guide to environmental issues and regulatorystandards for the petroleum industry Environmental analysis and testing methods are an integral part ofany current and future refining activities. Today's petroleumrefining industry must be prepared to meet a growing number ofchallenges, both environmental and regulatory. Environmental Analysis and Technology for the Refining Industryfocuses on the analytical issues inherent in any environmentalmonitoring or cleanup program as they apply to today's petroleumindustry, not only during the refining process, but also duringrecovery operations, transport, storage, and utilization. Designedto help today's industry professionals identify test methods formonitoring and cleanup of petroleum-based pollutants, the bookprovides examples of the application of environmental regulationsto petroleum refining and petroleum products, as well as currentand proposed methods for the mitigation of environmental effectsand waste management. Part I introduces petroleum technology, refining, and products, andreviews the nomenclature used by refiners, environmentalscientists, and engineers. Part II discusses environmentaltechnology and analysis, and provides information on environmentalregulation and the impact of refining. Coverage includes: * In-depth descriptions of analyses related to gaseous emissions,liquid effluents, and solid waste * A checklist of relevant environmental regulations * Numerous real-world examples of the application of environmentalregulations to petroleum refining and petroleum products * An analysis of current and proposed methods of environmentalprotection and waste management

Physicochemical Treatment Processes
Physicochemical Treatment Processes

Author: Lawrence K. Wang

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2007-11-13

Total Pages: 731

ISBN-13: 159259820X

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The past 30 years have seen the emergence of a growing desire worldwide to take positive actions to restore and protect the environment from the degrading effects of all forms of pollution: air, noise, solid waste, and water. Because pollution is a direct or indirect consequence of waste, the seemingly idealistic demand for “zero discharge” can be construed as an unrealistic demand for zero waste. However, as long as waste exists, we can only attempt to abate the subsequent pollution by converting it to a less noxious form. Three major questions usually arise when a particular type of pollution has been identified: (1) How serious is the pollution? (2) Is the technology to abate it available? and (3) Do the costs of abatement justify the degree of abatement achieved? The principal intention of the Handbook of Environmental Engineering series is to help readers formulate answers to the last two questions. The traditional approach of applying tried-and-true solutions to specific pollution pr- lems has been a major contributing factor to the success of environmental engineering, and has accounted in large measure for the establishment of a “methodology of pollution c- trol. ” However, realization of the ever-increasing complexity and interrelated nature of current environmental problems makes it imperative that intelligent planning of pollution abatement systems be undertaken.

Crises in Oil, Gas and Petrochemical Industries
Crises in Oil, Gas and Petrochemical Industries

Author: Mohammad Reza Rahimpour

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2023-07-13

Total Pages: 494

ISBN-13: 0323951554

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Crises in Oil, Gas and Petrochemical Industries: Disasters and Environmental Challenges provides an overview of both natural and manmade disasters occurring in oil, gas and petrochemical industries while also covering special solutions based on their types. This volume includes the effects of natural disasters such as earthquakes, floods and hurricanes as well as manmade incidents including fire events, explosions and the release of dust and toxic substances on various related units and plants. In addition, the long-term side effects on both humans and the environment resulted from these industries are presented. Problems such as releasing wastes and venting gases into the environment and challenges from overusing the natural resources and producing noise pollutants are also discussed in detail. - Introduces the effects of natural disasters on the oil, gas and petrochemical industries - Describes the effect of manmade disasters on oil, gas and petrochemical industries - Discusses the long-term side effects of oil, gas and petrochemical units on humans and the environments

Practical Advances in Petroleum Processing
Practical Advances in Petroleum Processing

Author: Chang Samuel Hsu

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2007-01-10

Total Pages: 894

ISBN-13: 0387257896

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Includes topics not found together in books on petroleum processing: economics, automation, process modeling, online optimization, safety, environmental protection Combines overviews of petroleum composition, refinery processes, process automation, and environmental protection with comprehensive chapters on recent advances in hydroprocessing, FCC, lubricants, hydrogen management Gives diverse perspectives, both geographic and topical, because contributors include experts from eight different countries in North America, Europe and Asia, representing oil companies, universities, catalyst vendors, process licensors, consultants and engineering contractors

Pollution Abstracts
Pollution Abstracts

Author:

Publisher:

Published: 1986

Total Pages: 338

ISBN-13:

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Indexes material from conference proceedings and hard-to-find documents, in addition to journal articles. Over 1,000 journals are indexed and literature published from 1981 to the present is covered. Topics in pollution and its management are extensively covered from the standpoints of atmosphere, emissions, mathematical models, effects on people and animals, and environmental action. Major areas of coverage include: air pollution, marine pollution, freshwater pollution, sewage and wastewater treatment, waste management, land pollution, toxicology and health, noise, and radiation.

Mineral Processing and the Environment
Mineral Processing and the Environment

Author: G.P. Gallios

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2013-04-17

Total Pages: 407

ISBN-13: 9401722846

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Mineral processing technologies have been used for decades to protect the environment and many examples of such applications are given here. The book covers four major subject areas: fundamentals; environmental pollution and its prevention; separation processes; and innovative techniques. Audience: Scientists, engineers and technologists conducting both applied and basic research into the different environmental aspects of mineral processing.

Waste Management in the Chemical and Petroleum Industries
Waste Management in the Chemical and Petroleum Industries

Author: Alireza Bahadori

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2013-10-04

Total Pages: 334

ISBN-13: 1118731735

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The global chemical and petroleum industries have always had thechallenge of disposing of chemical wastes, by-products, andresiduals, but with traditional techniques such as deep wellinjection and incineration proving flawed, the need for disposal bylegal, safe and economically effective means has never beengreater. Increasingly, the need to produce without pollution is thepreferred model for industry, and the strategy of wasteminimization is seen as the best way forward. This is particularlyrelevant in the petrochemical and chemical industries, where largequantities of hazardous and toxic wastes are produced which canpose formidable disposal problems. Covering the essentials of treatment, recovery and disposal ofwaste, as well as the requirements for process design andengineering of equipment and facilities in the chemical andpetroleum industries, this book includes chapters on: Wastewater Treatment Physical Unit Operations Chemical Treatment Biological Treatment Wastewater Treatment in Unconventional Oil and GasIndustries Wastewater Sewer Systems Sewage Treatment Solid Waste Treatment and Disposal Primarily aimed at researchers and advanced students in chemical,petroleum, and environmental fields as well as those in civilengineering, this book should also provide a unique reference forindustry practitioners and anyone interested in chemical andpetroleum waste treatment and disposal.