Philoponus: On Aristotle Posterior Analytics 2
Philoponus: On Aristotle Posterior Analytics 2

Author: Philoponus,

Publisher: A&C Black

Published: 2014-04-22

Total Pages: 224

ISBN-13: 1472501594

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The Posterior Analytics contains Aristotle's philosophy of science. In Book 2, Aristotle asks how the scientist discovers what sort of loss of light constitutes lunar eclipse. The scientist has to discover that the moon's darkening is due to the earth's shadow. Once that defining explanation is known the scientist possesses the full scientific concept of lunar eclipse and can use it to explain other necessary features of the phenomenon. The present commentary, arguably ascribed to Philoponus incorrectly, offers some interpretations of Aristotle that are unfamiliar nowadays. For example, the scientific concept of a human is acquired from observing particular humans and repeatedly receiving impressions in the sense image or percept and later in the imagination. The impressions received are not only of particular distinctive characteristics, like paleness, but also of universal human characteristics, like rationality. Perception can thus in a sense apprehend universal qualities in the individual as well as particular ones. This volume contains an English translation of the commentary, accompanied by extensive commentary notes, an introduction and a bibliography.

Philoponus: On Aristotle Posterior Analytics 1.19-34
Philoponus: On Aristotle Posterior Analytics 1.19-34

Author:

Publisher: A&C Black

Published: 2014-04-22

Total Pages: 224

ISBN-13: 1472501756

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Aristotle described the scientific explanation of universal or general facts as deducing them through scientific demonstrations, that is, through syllogisms that met requirements of logical validity and explanatoriness which he first formulated. In Chapters 19-23, he adds arguments for the further logical restrictions that scientific demonstrations can neither be indefinitely long nor infinitely extendible through the interposition of new middle terms. Chapters 24-26 argue for the superiority of universal over particular demonstration, of affirmative over negative demonstration, and of direct negative demonstration over demonstration to the impossible. Chapters 27-34 discuss different aspects of sciences and scientific understanding, allowing us to distinguish between sciences, and between scientific understanding and other kinds of cognition, especially opinion. Philoponus' comments on these chapters are interesting especially because of his metaphysical analysis of universal predication and his understanding of the notion of subordinate sciences. We learn from his commentary that Philoponus believed in Platonic Forms as inherent in, and posterior to, the Divine Intellect, but ascribed to Aristotle an interpretation of Plato's Forms as independent substances, prior to the Demiurgic Intellect. A very important notion from Aristotle's Posterior Analytics is that of the 'subordination' of sciences, i.e. the idea that some sciences depend on 'higher' ones for some of their principles. Philoponus goes beyond Aristotle in suggesting a taxonomy of sciences, in which the subordinate science concerns the same scientific genus as the superordinate, but a different species. This volume contains the first English translation of Philoponus' commentary, as well as a detailed introduction, extensive explanatory notes and a bibliography.

Interpreting Aristotle’s Posterior Analytics in Late Antiquity and Beyond
Interpreting Aristotle’s Posterior Analytics in Late Antiquity and Beyond

Author: F.A.J. de Haas

Publisher: BRILL

Published: 2011-03-21

Total Pages: 294

ISBN-13: 9004201823

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This collection of essays highlights Ancient, Byzantine and Medieval developments in the discussion of scientific method and argument in the comment(arie)s on Aristotle’s Posterior Analytics and related methodological passages in the Aristotelian corpus. Despite the importance of these discussions, the larger part of the commentary tradition on the Posterior Analytics still remains uncharted. The contributors to this volume identify and explore three important strands of interpretation, viz. (1) the reception of Aristotle’s logic of inquiry and theory of concept formation in Posterior Analytics II 19; (2) the influence of the Posterior Analytics on the evaluation of metaphysics as a science; and (3) the reception of Aristotle’s theory of demonstration, definition, and causation in Posterior Analytics book II.

Commentary on Aristotle, ›Prior Analytics‹ (Book II)
Commentary on Aristotle, ›Prior Analytics‹ (Book II)

Author: Leon Magentenos

Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG

Published: 2021-11-08

Total Pages: 299

ISBN-13: 3110703483

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This study contributes substantially to research on Aristotelian logic in Byzantium. It includes a critical edition of the commentary by Leo Magentenos, the Metropolitan of Mytilene (twelfth c.?) on Book II of the Prior Analytics along with an edition of the syllogism diagram attributed to this work in the manuscript tradition of this work.

Aristotle - Contemporary Perspectives on his Thought
Aristotle - Contemporary Perspectives on his Thought

Author: Demetra Sfendoni-Mentzou

Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG

Published: 2018-07-23

Total Pages: 343

ISBN-13: 3110564548

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This collection of essays by leading Aristotle scholars worldwide covers a wide range of topics on Aristotle's work from metaphysics, politics, ethics, bioethics, rhetoric, dialectic, aesthetics, history to physics, psychology, biology, medicine, technology. The thorough exploration of the issues investigated deepens our knowledge of the most fundamental concepts, which are crucial for an overall understanding of Aristotle’s work. Moreover, the contributors explore the relevance of Aristotle’s ideas to contemporary issues and provide new perspectives on the study of Aristotle’s thought. The essays of the volume were presented at the plenary sessions of the World Congress "Aristotle 2400 Years," organized by the Interdisciplinary Centre for Aristotle Studies of Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, on May 23-28 2016, in commemoration of the 2400th anniversary of Aristotle’s birth. The aim of the congress was to advance scholarship on all aspects of Aristotle’s work, both in philosophy and in the fundamental disciplines of science. The impressive number of 250 papers from 40 countries highlighted the fact that Aristotle’s work continues to exercise an influence on our intellectual lives on a global scale.

Philoponus: On Aristotle Posterior Analytics 1.1-8
Philoponus: On Aristotle Posterior Analytics 1.1-8

Author: John Philoponus

Publisher: Bristol Classical Press

Published: 2008-03-20

Total Pages: 200

ISBN-13:

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Aristotle's "Posterior Analytics" elaborates the notions of science and the requirements for the distinctive kind of knowledge scientists possess. This book explores the foundations of Aristotle's theory, pointing out the similarities and differences between scientific and other types of knowledge, and establishing the need for basic principles.

The Cambridge Companion to Ancient Logic
The Cambridge Companion to Ancient Logic

Author: Luca Castagnoli

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2023-03-31

Total Pages: 445

ISBN-13: 1107062942

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A state-of-the-art overview of ancient logic for students and scholars, with in-depth analyses of its central themes.

Reading Aristotle with Thomas Aquinas
Reading Aristotle with Thomas Aquinas

Author: Leo J. Elders

Publisher: CUA Press

Published: 2022-12-12

Total Pages: 552

ISBN-13: 0813235790

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Reading Aristotle with Thomas Aquinas: His Commentaries on Aristotle’s Major Works offers an original and decisive work for the understanding of the thought of Thomas Aquinas. For decades his commentaries on the major works of Aristotle have been the subject of lively discussions. Are his commentaries faithful and reliable expositions of the Stagirite's thought or do they contain Thomas’s own philosophy and are they read through the lens of Thomas’s own Christian faith and in doing so possibly distorting Aristotle? In order to be able to provide clarity and offer a nuanced response to this question a careful study of all the relevant texts is needed. This is precisely what the author sets out do to in this work. Each chapter is devoted to one of the twelve commentaries Thomas wrote on major works of Aristotle including both his massive and influential commentaries on the Metaphysics, Physics and Nicomachean Ethics as well as lesser known commentaries. Elders places Thomas’s commentary in its historical context, reviews the Greek, Arabic and Latin translation and reception of Aristotle’s text as well as contemporary interpretations thereof and presents the reader with a thorough presentation and analysis of the content of the commentary, drawing attention to all the places where Thomas intervenes and makes special observations. In this way the reader can study Aristotle’s treatises with Thomas as guide. The conclusion reached is that Thomas’s commentaries are a masterful and faithful presentation of Aristotle’s thought and of that of Thomas himself. Thomas’s Christian faith does not falsify Aristotle’s text, but gives occasionally an outlook at what lies behind philosophical thought.