Stochastic Discounted Cash Flow
Stochastic Discounted Cash Flow

Author: Lutz Kruschwitz

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2020-02-28

Total Pages: 256

ISBN-13: 303037081X

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This open access book discusses firm valuation, which is of interest to economists, particularly those working in finance. Firm valuation comes down to the calculation of the discounted cash flow, often only referred to by its abbreviation, DCF. There are, however, different coexistent versions, which seem to compete against each other, such as entity approaches and equity approaches. Acronyms are often used, such as APV (adjusted present value) or WACC (weighted average cost of capital), two concepts classified as entity approaches. This book explains why there are several procedures and whether they lead to the same result. It also examines the economic differences between the methods and indicates the various purposes they serve. Further it describes the limits of the procedures and the situations they are best applied to. The problems this book addresses are relevant to theoreticians and practitioners alike.

Taxation and Gender Equity
Taxation and Gender Equity

Author: Caren Grown

Publisher: IDRC

Published: 2010

Total Pages: 349

ISBN-13: 0415568226

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Around the world, there are concerns that many tax codes are biased against women, and that contemporary tax reforms tend to increase the incidence of taxation on the poorest women while failing to generate enough revenue to fund the programs needed to improve these women's lives. Because taxes are the key source of revenue governments themselves raise, understanding the nature and composition of taxation and current tax reform efforts is key to reducing poverty, providing sufficient revenue for public expenditure, and achieving social justice. This is the first book to systematically examine gender and taxation within and across countries at different levels of development. It presents original research on the gender dimensions of personal income taxes, and value-added, excise, and fuel taxes in Argentina, Ghana, India, Mexico, Morocco, South Africa, Uganda and the United Kingdom. This book will be of interest to postgraduates and researchers studying Public Finance, International Economics, Development Studies, Gender Studies, and International Relations, among other disciplines.

Bridging Microeconomics and Macroeconomics and the Effects on Economic Development and Growth
Bridging Microeconomics and Macroeconomics and the Effects on Economic Development and Growth

Author: Kostis, Pantelis C.

Publisher: IGI Global

Published: 2020-10-30

Total Pages: 340

ISBN-13: 1799849341

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In recent decades, the mainstream microeconomic and macroeconomic analysis was proven to be insufficient for exploring the dynamic and complex interactions among humans, institutions, and nature in our real economy. On the one side, microeconomics is filled with black-box models that fail to study the actual contractual relations between firms and markets, while on the other side macroeconomics were proven useless because they mistook the beauty of theoretical models for truth. Thus, questions have arisen about using new theoretical and empirical structures that would better describe our economic systems. Bridging Microeconomics and Macroeconomics and the Effects on Economic Development and Growth is an essential reference source that analyzes the hypotheses that govern the relationships of aggregate structures (macroeconomic analysis) that may be compatible with the assumptions that govern the behavior of individuals, households, and firms (micro analysis), and vice versa, in trying to achieve sustainable economic development and growth. Moreover, modern evolutionary growth thinking is used in trying to bridge the inconsistencies between microeconomics and macroeconomics and confront their failures in order to better describe the economic reality. While highlighting a broad range of topics including globalization, economic systems, and the role of institutions, this book is aimed toward economic analysts, financial advisors, policymakers, researchers, academicians, and students.

Who Bears the Tax Burden?
Who Bears the Tax Burden?

Author: Joseph A. Pechman

Publisher: Washington : Brookings Institution

Published: 1974

Total Pages: 144

ISBN-13:

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Study of the tax burden on US families in 1966. Estimates the effect of all U.S. taxes on the distribution of income by size of income and by other characteristics of the taxpaying population.

The Individual Income Tax
The Individual Income Tax

Author: Richard B. Goode

Publisher: Brookings Institution Press

Published: 1976

Total Pages: 368

ISBN-13:

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Discusses the fairness and economic consequences of taxation of individual income, the possible improvement of income tax through exclusions and deductions, more effective taxation of capital gains, and revision of personal exemptions and rates.