Refrigeration Systems and Applications

Refrigeration Systems and Applications

Author: Ibrahim Din¿er

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2017-03-23

Total Pages: 990

ISBN-13: 1119230780

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The definitive text/reference for students, researchers and practicing engineers This book provides comprehensive coverage on refrigeration systems and applications, ranging from the fundamental principles of thermodynamics to food cooling applications for a wide range of sectoral utilizations. Energy and exergy analyses as well as performance assessments through energy and exergy efficiencies and energetic and exergetic coefficients of performance are explored, and numerous analysis techniques, models, correlations and procedures are introduced with examples and case studies. There are specific sections allocated to environmental impact assessment and sustainable development studies. Also featured are discussions of important recent developments in the field, including those stemming from the author’s pioneering research. Refrigeration is a uniquely positioned multi-disciplinary field encompassing mechanical, chemical, industrial and food engineering, as well as chemistry. Its wide-ranging applications mean that the industry plays a key role in national and international economies. And it continues to be an area of active research, much of it focusing on making the technology as environmentally friendly and sustainable as possible without compromising cost efficiency and effectiveness. This substantially updated and revised edition of the classic text/reference now features two new chapters devoted to renewable-energy-based integrated refrigeration systems and environmental impact/sustainability assessment. All examples and chapter-end problems have been updated as have conversion factors and the thermophysical properties of an array of materials. Provides a solid foundation in the fundamental principles and the practical applications of refrigeration technologies Examines fundamental aspects of thermodynamics, refrigerants, as well as energy and exergy analyses and energy and exergy based performance assessment criteria and approaches Introduces environmental impact assessment methods and sustainability evaluation of refrigeration systems and applications Covers basic and advanced (and hence integrated) refrigeration cycles and systems, as well as a range of novel applications Discusses crucial industrial, technical and operational problems, as well as new performance improvement techniques and tools for better design and analysis Features clear explanations, numerous chapter-end problems and worked-out examples Refrigeration Systems and Applications, Third Edition is an indispensable working resource for researchers and practitioners in the areas of Refrigeration and Air Conditioning. It is also an ideal textbook for graduate and senior undergraduate students in mechanical, chemical, biochemical, industrial and food engineering disciplines.


Dynamic Modeling and Cascaded Control for a Multi-Evaporator Supermarket Refrigeration System

Dynamic Modeling and Cascaded Control for a Multi-Evaporator Supermarket Refrigeration System

Author: Ankush Gupta

Publisher:

Published: 2013

Total Pages:

ISBN-13:

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The survey from US Department of Energy showed that about one-third of energy consumption in US is due to air conditioning and refrigeration systems. This significant usage of electricity in the HVAC industry has prompted researchers to develop dynamic models for the HVAC components, which leads to implementation of better control and optimization techniques. In this research, efforts are made to model a multi-evaporator system. A novel dynamic modeling technique is proposed based on moving boundary method, which can be generalized for any number of evaporators in a vapor compression cycle. The models were validated experimentally on a commercial supermarket refrigeration unit. Simulation results showed that the models capture the major dynamics of the system in both the steady state and transient external disturbances. Furthermore the use of MEMS (microelectromechanical) based Silicon Expansion Valves (SEVs) have reportedly shown power savings as compared to the Thermal Expansion Valves (TEVs). Experimental tests were conducted on a supermarket refrigeration unit fitted with the MEMS valves to explain the cause of these potential energy savings. In this study an advanced cascaded control algorithm was also designed to control the MEMS valves. The performance of the cascaded control architecture was compared with the standard Thermal Expansion Valves (TEVs) and a commercially available Microstaq (MS) Superheat Controller (SHC). The results reveal that the significant efficiency gains derived on the SEVs are due to better superheat regulation, tighter superheat control and superior cooling effects in shorter time period which reduces the total run-time of the compressor. It was also observed that the duty cycle was least for the cascaded control algorithm. The reduction in duty cycle indicates early shut-off for the compressor resulting in maximum power savings for the cascaded control, followed by the Microstaq controller and then the Thermal Expansion Valves. The electronic version of this dissertation is accessible from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/148111


Fluid Mechanics and Fluid Power (Vol. 2)

Fluid Mechanics and Fluid Power (Vol. 2)

Author: Suvanjan Bhattacharyya

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2023-05-20

Total Pages: 541

ISBN-13: 9811969701

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This book presents the select proceedings of the 48th National Conference on Fluid Mechanics and Fluid Power (FMFP 2021) held at BITS Pilani in December 2021. It covers the topics such as fluid mechanics, measurement techniques in fluid flows, computational fluid dynamics, instability, transition and turbulence, fluid‐structure interaction, multiphase flows, micro- and nanoscale transport, bio-fluid mechanics, aerodynamics, turbomachinery, propulsion and power. The book will be useful for researchers and professionals interested in the broad field of mechanics.


IMDC-SDSP 2020

IMDC-SDSP 2020

Author: Raed Abd-Alhameed

Publisher: European Alliance for Innovation

Published: 2020-09-09

Total Pages: 1619

ISBN-13: 163190261X

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IMDC-SDSP conference offers an exceptional platform and opportunity for practitioners, industry experts, technocrats, academics, information scientists, innovators, postgraduate students, and research scholars to share their experiences for the advancement of knowledge and obtain critical feedback on their work. The timing of this conference coincides with the rise of Big Data, Artificial Intelligence powered applications, Cognitive Communications, Green Energy, Adaptive Control and Mobile Robotics towards maintaining the Sustainable Development and Smart Planning and management of the future technologies. It is aimed at the knowledge generated from the integration of the different data sources related to a number of active real-time applications in supporting the smart planning and enhance and sustain a healthy environment. The conference also covers the rise of the digital health, well-being, home care, and patient-centred era for the benefit of patients and healthcare providers; in addition to how supporting the development of a platform of smart Dynamic Health Systems and self-management.


Design of Evaporative Condenser with Arrangement for Easy Manual Descaling

Design of Evaporative Condenser with Arrangement for Easy Manual Descaling

Author: Vishal Sawale

Publisher: GRIN Verlag

Published: 2023-01-05

Total Pages: 73

ISBN-13: 3346787761

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Bachelor Thesis from the year 2018 in the subject Engineering - Mechanical Engineering, grade: 1, Savitribai Phule Pune University, formerly University of Pune, course: Bachelors in Mechanical Engineering, language: English, abstract: Evaporative cooling takes advantage of the potential of the outside air in dry climates to absorb moisture, which results in a temperature reduction of the air stream. But one of the major drawbacks is the continuous scale built up on condenser tubes which makes a barrier between tubes and water sprayed on them, which in turn drastically reduces the heat transfer. This results in a loss of plant efficiency and increases annual refrigeration costs as the compressor work increases for compensating the pressure drop due to scaling. In HVAC around 27% of worldwide energy is consumed only for different HVAC applications. This project mainly focuses on this problem statement, if the scale is 0.06mm then condenser performance decreases by 16%. A mainly evaporative condenser is used in different HVAC applications. In order to overcome this problem, regular maintenance of the condenser should be done by descaling the coils. Various descaling methods are being used in industries descaling like mechanical descaling, chemical descaling, etc. But manual descaling is preferred over other methods due to its simplicity, less cost, and reliability. Yet there are some problems in manual descaling like the number of rows of condensing tubes is very large in numbers and also the pitch between them is less so it becomes very difficult to reach the deep portion of the evaporative condenser in order to clean them thoroughly and effectively scale removal.


Two-Phase Flow in Refrigeration Systems

Two-Phase Flow in Refrigeration Systems

Author: Junjie Gu

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2013-08-17

Total Pages: 167

ISBN-13: 1461483239

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Two-Phase Flow in Refrigeration Systems presents recent developments from the authors' extensive research programs on two-phase flow in refrigeration systems. This book covers advanced mass and heat transfer and vapor compression refrigeration systems and shows how the performance of an automotive air-conditioning system is affected through results obtained experimentally and theoretically, specifically with consideration of two-phase flow and oil concentration. The book is ideal for university postgraduate students as a textbook, researchers and professors as an academic reference book, and by engineers and designers as handbook.


CYCLE_D-HX

CYCLE_D-HX

Author: J. S. Brown

Publisher:

Published: 2018

Total Pages: 42

ISBN-13:

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The CYCLE_D-HX software package simulates the performance of single-component refrigerants and refrigerant blends in subcritical vapor-compression refrigeration cycles. The basic system simulated by CYCLE_D-HX consists of a compressor, discharge line, condenser, expansion device, evaporator, compressor suction line, and an optional liquid-line/suction-line heat exchanger. The other cycles may contain a second compressor, one or two economizers, or an intercooler. In contrast to simplified vapor compression cycle model, which require refrigerant saturation temperatures in the evaporator and condenser as input, CYCLE_D-HX establishes saturation temperatures in the heat exchangers using the temperatures profiles of heat source and heat sink and the mean effective temperature differences (?Thx) in the evaporator and condenser, respectively, which are specified as input to the program. This representation of heat exchangers facilitates the inclusion of both thermodynamic and transport properties in cycle simulations and makes CYCLE_D-HX suitable for comparative evaluations of different refrigerants, particularly when applied in systems relying on forced-convection heat transfer of refrigerant in the heat exchangers. This software package was developed by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), is not subject to copyright protection, and is in the public domain.


Thermal System Design and Simulation

Thermal System Design and Simulation

Author: P.L. Dhar

Publisher: Academic Press

Published: 2016-10-25

Total Pages: 618

ISBN-13: 0128094303

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Thermal System Design and Simulation covers the fundamental analyses of thermal energy systems that enable users to effectively formulate their own simulation and optimal design procedures. This reference provides thorough guidance on how to formulate optimal design constraints and develop strategies to solve them with minimal computational effort. The book uniquely illustrates the methodology of combining information flow diagrams to simplify system simulation procedures needed in optimal design. It also includes a comprehensive presentation on dynamics of thermal systems and the control systems needed to ensure safe operation at varying loads. Designed to give readers the skills to develop their own customized software for simulating and designing thermal systems, this book is relevant for anyone interested in obtaining an advanced knowledge of thermal system analysis and design. Contains detailed models of simulation for equipment in the most commonly used thermal engineering systems Features illustrations for the methodology of using information flow diagrams to simplify system simulation procedures Includes comprehensive global case studies of simulation and optimization of thermal systems