Perceptions of Title IX's Impact on Gender Equity Within Intercollegiate Athletics
Perceptions of Title IX's Impact on Gender Equity Within Intercollegiate Athletics

Author: Roderick Van Daniel

Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform

Published: 2012-12-15

Total Pages: 98

ISBN-13: 9781523411238

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Dr. Roderick Van Daniel (PhD & JD) focused his research on gender equality for women in education and athletics. Everyone deserves the opportunity to participate and not be discriminated against because of their gender. Title IX's legislation has been in place since 1972 and has affected female participation in a positive form towards gender equity. However many institutions still have difficulty complying with the standards mandated by Title IX. Gender equity is established by meeting substantial proportionality, continued expansion, or full accommodations prongs mandated by Title IX for an institution to be in compliance. The purpose of this study was to determine the perceptions of the athletic directors of the 15 public community and junior colleges in Mississippi regarding Title IX compliance and determine if their respective institutions are in compliance with the substantial proportionality (SP) prong of Title IX. The study identified the perceptions of the athletic directors regarding their institutions' Title IX compliance, as well as the effective strategies and barriers toward meeting the requirements to comply with Title IX within their programs. In addition, the study revealed whether or not the institutions complied with the SP prong of Title IX. Athletic directors (N=15; 53% response rate) from the public community and junior colleges from Mississippi completed the Two-Year College Title IX Survey. Results revealed that overall the athletic directors perceived that their institutions were in compliance with Title IX. However, the athletic directors perceived that the listed strategies were not effective and the barriers listed were not perceived barriers to Title IX compliance. However, the Equity in Athletics Disclosure Act data revealed that none of the institutions complied with the SP prong of Title IX. From a practical perspective, the study revealed that while the athletic directors perceived that their institutions met the SP prong, EADA data revealed that none of the institutions in the state met that prong. Consequently, this finding indicates that there is a need for more education regarding Title IX compliance at the institutions. This information could serve as a starting point for an in-depth institutional study on Title IX. From a theoretical perspective, the study provided information that gives leaders at the public community and junior colleges in Mississippi a unique look at diversity within their athletic departments.

Examining the Knowledge and Perceptions of Division II Collegiate Athletic Administrators, Staff, and Coaches Regarding Gender Equity and Title IX Standards
Examining the Knowledge and Perceptions of Division II Collegiate Athletic Administrators, Staff, and Coaches Regarding Gender Equity and Title IX Standards

Author: Justin Rodkey

Publisher:

Published: 2018

Total Pages: 276

ISBN-13:

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Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 is a federal law that prohibits sex discrimination in education (The United States Department of Justice, n.d.). Although Title IX was enacted over 45 years ago, college athletic departments remain non-compliant with the law (U.S. Department of Education, Office for Civil Rights, 2016; Women's Law Project, 2014), suggesting a need for research regarding barriers to compliance. A central piece in the Title IX enforcement mechanism is engagement on the part of constituencies who are affected by the law. In effect, the accountability mechanism to ensure Title IX compliance rests with those who are educated about its requirements. Within athletic departments, those constituencies include coaches, administrators, staff members, and athletes. This paper provides an overview of the literature that documents knowledge deficiencies among those constituencies (Staurowsky & Weight, 2013; Weight & Staurowsky, 2014; Staurowsky, Zonder, & Reimer, 2017) as well as the lack of Title IX compliance, proportionality gaps, and ongoing litigations among Division II institutions (U.S. Department of Education, Office for Civil Rights, 2012, 2014, 2015a, 2016; Women's Law Project, 2014, 2017). The purpose of this non-experimental, quantitative, cross-sectional survey research was to examine the levels of knowledge and perceptions among Division II athletic administrators, staff, and coaches regarding Title IX standards at their institution. More specifically, this study sought to gain a more in-depth understanding of overall knowledge and perceptions among Division II participants, as well as, determine if any differences existed between the respondents based on gender, position, and team coached. This study found that, on average, participants' knowledge ranged from 0 to 6 with a mean of 3.04 (SD = 1.64). In addition, this study revealed that the main effect of position was statistically significant; (F(2, 124)=6.99, p.001), while the main effect of gender on knowledge, and the interaction effect between position and gender on knowledge were not statistically significant (p.05). Further, it was discovered that the main effect for coach by team gender was not statistically different between groups (p>.05). Regarding perceptions, participants' perceptions were similar when looking at Overall Perceptions, Opportunities for Participation & Scholarship, Benefits and Services, Awareness and Understanding. This study found the main effect of gender and the interaction effect between position and gender was not statistically significant (p.05) for all categories. In comparison, this research discovered the main effect of position was statistically significant for overall perceptions (F(2, 124)=3.290, p.05); benefits and services (F(2, 124)=4.111, p

Title IX: Impact of Gender Equity on Female Athletes in Intercollegiate Athletics
Title IX: Impact of Gender Equity on Female Athletes in Intercollegiate Athletics

Author: Timothy M. Champion

Publisher:

Published: 2006

Total Pages: 150

ISBN-13: 9781109886290

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The lawmakers and courts have had a major impact on many of the changes that have affected colleges and universities because of Title IX. As evidenced by their decisions in recent years, the courts have remained consistent in their support of Title IX and in the application of the laws.

Intercollegiate Sports
Intercollegiate Sports

Author: United States. Congress. House. Committee on Energy and Commerce. Subcommittee on Commerce, Consumer Protection, and Competitiveness

Publisher:

Published: 1992

Total Pages: 136

ISBN-13: 9780160392771

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Women's Gender Identities and NCAA Policy
Women's Gender Identities and NCAA Policy

Author: Lauren E. Kelba

Publisher:

Published: 2018

Total Pages: 117

ISBN-13:

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Since the implementation of Title IX in 1972 and resulting inclusion of women within NCAA intercollegiate athletic programs, participation numbers have increased dramatically at the post-secondary level (Miller, Heinrich, & Baker, 2000). With participation numbers increasing, the NCAA has developed a number of policies and regulations, including published policies and recommendations for practice in regards to gender equity and inclusion. These publications include Equity and Title IX in Intercollegiate Athletics, Gender Equity Planning Best Practices, and the NCAA Inclusion of Transgender Student-Athletes. With these policies, the NCAA has made efforts to improve the experiences of those who have marginalized gender identities; specifically for cisgender women. However, little is known about how these policies and recommendations support the lived experiences of student-athletes who identify as women.This study has been designed and implemented to address that lack of knowledge. This research study explores how NCAA policies and recommendations for practice impact the lived experiences of student-athletes with marginalized gender identities. I interviewed four participants twice each to learn about their experiences. Three themes that emerged from this study encompassed the role these women felt policy played in their day-to-day experiences as student-athletes, their experiences being a woman on their college campus and within their athletic department, and their perceptions of the various educational and life skills programming participants received or did not receive. This study was designed and implemented in a way that addressed the lack of research on the qualitative experiences of women student-athletes, outside of just participation numbers and the increase in scholarship opportunities for women in the NCAA. Several recommendations for student affairs practice and implications for future research resulted from this study.

Equality Unfulfilled
Equality Unfulfilled

Author: James N. Druckman

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2023-07-20

Total Pages: 265

ISBN-13: 1009338323

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Fifty years after the passage of Title IX, the institutions that govern college sports undermine initiatives for advancing gender equality. Sex-based segregation, androcentric organizational cultures, and overbearing market incentives prevent policy change. These institutional barriers can sideline any marginalized group from achieving equality.

Gender Politics in US College Athletic Departments
Gender Politics in US College Athletic Departments

Author: Lisa A. Kihl

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2016-08-09

Total Pages: 161

ISBN-13: 1137485094

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This book examines the gendered politics in the context of a merger of the women’s and men’s athletic departments at the University of Minnesota over a ten year plus span. Examining the athletic department merger helps us understand women's continual under-representation in University athletics despite Title IX legislation passing 40 years ago. Using interview with organizational stakeholders and archival document data, the book explores how organizational change in the form of a merger is gendered with relation to the premerger, merged, post-merger stages.

Changing the Game
Changing the Game

Author: Kelly McFall

Publisher: UNC Press Books

Published: 2022-07-01

Total Pages: 343

ISBN-13: 1469672316

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Changing the Game is set at a fictional university in the mid-1990s. A debate over the role of athletics quickly expands to encompass demands that women's sports and athletes receive more resources and opportunities. The result is a firestorm of controversy on and off campus. Drawing on congressional testimonies from the Title IX hearings, players advance their views in student government meetings, talk radio shows, town meetings, and impromptu rallies. As students wrestle with questions of gender parity and the place of athletics in higher education, they learn about the implementation—and implications—of legal change in the United States.

Gender Equity
Gender Equity

Author:

Publisher: DIANE Publishing

Published: 2001-08

Total Pages: 51

ISBN-13: 0756712785

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Title IX of the Educ. Amend. of Ô72 addresses inequities between men and women students at colleges and univ. by prohibiting discrimination on the basis of sex in educ. programs and activities receiving any Fed. financial assist. This report (1) determines the extent to which women's participation in higher educ. academic programs has changed since Title IX was enacted, (2) determines the extent to which men's and women's participation in intercollegiate athletics programs at 4-year schools has changed since Title IX was enacted, and (3) describes what is known about Title IX's effect on men's and women's participation, and specifically, about how Fed. enforcement of the law has led to change.