Peeling Away the Layers: Impacts of Durable Tariff Elimination
Peeling Away the Layers: Impacts of Durable Tariff Elimination

Author: Arevik Gnutzmann-Mkrtchyan

Publisher: International Monetary Fund

Published: 2018-05-10

Total Pages: 61

ISBN-13: 1484356446

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We demonstrate that durable MFN tariff elimination affects trade patterns through several layers, which generates non-linear impacts. First, complete tariff elimination results in a large additional trade gains over and above tariff reductions. Second, commitment to durable tariff elimination, through WTO bindings, further boosts both imports and exports of ITA members. The unique setting of the WTO Information Technology Agreement (ITA) allows us to identify these effects of non-discriminatory trade policies because (i) ITA constitutes a quasi-natural experiment as several “passive” signatories joined it as an unavoidable part of pursuing of a larger policy objective, and (ii) ITA's partial coverage of the IT sector provides a natural control group for cross-product identification. Commitments under the ITA spurned development of a downstream IT export sector in “passive” signatories.

Peeling Away the Layers: Impacts of Durable Tariff Elimination
Peeling Away the Layers: Impacts of Durable Tariff Elimination

Author: Arevik Gnutzmann-Mkrtchyan

Publisher: International Monetary Fund

Published: 2018-05-10

Total Pages: 61

ISBN-13: 1484353684

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We demonstrate that durable MFN tariff elimination affects trade patterns through several layers, which generates non-linear impacts. First, complete tariff elimination results in a large additional trade gains over and above tariff reductions. Second, commitment to durable tariff elimination, through WTO bindings, further boosts both imports and exports of ITA members. The unique setting of the WTO Information Technology Agreement (ITA) allows us to identify these effects of non-discriminatory trade policies because (i) ITA constitutes a quasi-natural experiment as several “passive” signatories joined it as an unavoidable part of pursuing of a larger policy objective, and (ii) ITA's partial coverage of the IT sector provides a natural control group for cross-product identification. Commitments under the ITA spurned development of a downstream IT export sector in “passive” signatories.

Digital Trade Review of Brazil
Digital Trade Review of Brazil

Author: OECD

Publisher: OECD Publishing

Published: 2022-09-14

Total Pages: 164

ISBN-13: 9264477985

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This Digital Trade Review of Brazil provides an overview of Brazil’s participation in digital trade and the related regulatory environment. It provides insights into how Brazil might ensure that the new challenges raised by the digital transformation for trade can be managed and the benefits shared more inclusively.

Handbook of Deep Trade Agreements
Handbook of Deep Trade Agreements

Author: Aaditya Mattoo

Publisher: World Bank Publications

Published: 2020-09-23

Total Pages: 768

ISBN-13: 1464815542

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Deep trade agreements (DTAs) cover not just trade but additional policy areas, such as international flows of investment and labor and the protection of intellectual property rights and the environment. Their goal is integration beyond trade or deep integration. These agreements matter for economic development. Their rules influence how countries (and hence, the people and firms that live and operate within them) transact, invest, work, and ultimately, develop. Trade and investment regimes determine the extent of economic integration, competition rules affect economic efficiency, intellectual property rights matter for innovation, and environmental and labor rules contribute to environmental and social outcomes. This Handbook provides the tools and data needed to analyze these new dimensions of integration and to assess the content and consequences of DTAs. The Handbook and the accompanying database are the result of collaboration between experts in different policy areas from academia and other international organizations, including the International Trade Centre (ITC), Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), and World Trade Organization (WTO).

Agricultural Trade Policy and Food Security in the Caribbean
Agricultural Trade Policy and Food Security in the Caribbean

Author: Deep Ford

Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org.

Published: 2007

Total Pages: 372

ISBN-13: 9789251057476

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Agricultural trade is a major factor determining food security in Caribbean countries. In these small open economies, exports are essential, whilst imports provide a large part of the food supply. This book examines various dimensions of trade policy and related issues and suggests policies to address trade and food security and rural development linkages. It is as a guide and reference documents for agricultural trade policy analysts, trade negotiators, policy-makers and planners in both the public and private sectors.

The Weightless World
The Weightless World

Author: Diane Coyle

Publisher: MIT Press

Published: 1999

Total Pages: 276

ISBN-13: 9780262531665

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1. The Weightless World -- 2. Where Have All The Jobs Gone? -- 3. Weightless Work -- 4. Nourishing the Grass Roots -- 5. Fear of Flexibility -- 6. The End of Welfare -- 7. The Ageing of Nations -- 8. Globalism and Globaloney -- 9. Visible and Invisible Cities -- 10. Weightless Government.