Ever since Sutherland coined the term ‘white-collar crime’, researchers have struggled to understand and explain why some individuals abuse their privileged positions of trust and commit financial crime. This book makes a novel contribution to the development of convenience theory as a framework to understand and explain ‘white-collar crime’.
The ‘convenience triangle’ is the dynamic relationship between motive, opportunity, and willingness to commit a crime, which culminates in the illegal acts which constitute white-collar crime. This book aims to discuss the role of the ‘convenience triangle’ in white-collar crime, how it affects the perpetration of these crimes, the impact of this on detection and prevention and the effects of the punitive measures taken against white-collar criminals.
This book introduces a dynamic perspective to study white-collar crime. It argues that as personal motives change over time, so too do organizational opportunities, and willingness for deviant behavior. The work contends that the extent of white-collar crime is dependent on the extent of crime convenience perceived and preferred by potential offenders. It discusses how potential white-collar offenders expand organizational opportunities for financial crime over time. The dynamics are illustrated here by system dynamics models to capture cause and effect relationships. The book also presents a new structural model illustrating the elements of convenience theory along with a new dynamic model illustrating the evolution of white-collar crime. The practical aspects are illustrated with a number of case studies. The book will be of interest to researchers, academics and professionals working in the areas of Criminal Justice, Criminology, Criminal Law and Business Studies.
Opportunity theories of crime seek to explain the occurrence of crime rather than simply the existence of criminal dispositions. They emphasize the fundamental element in the criminal act of opportunity: how this arises, how it is perceived, evaluated and acted on by those with criminal dispositions. This volume brings together influential research articles on opportunity theories of crime by leading theorists such as Cohen and Felson on routine activity theory and Clarke and Cornish on the bounded rational choice perspective. The articles also include more recent theoretical developments and studies of situational crime prevention of specific twenty-first century crimes. These articles attest to the sheer volume as well to as the richness and the variety of work designed to reduce crime that has forever changed the face of criminology and criminal justice.
Management leaders must constantly be prepared to correct the deviant behaviors of their employees and redirect the negative energy for the betterment of all. Ignoring this type of destructive behavior not only spoils the overall work environment for employees, but also risks the loss of quality, talented personnel. Analyzing Workplace Deviance in Modern Organizations is an essential reference source containing innovative research on best practices for adopting and implementing employee deviance remedial strategies. While highlighting topics including conflict resolution, cultural issues, and deviant behavior, this book is ideally designed for executives, managers, directors, business professionals, industry practitioners, human resources managers, policymakers, researchers, academicians, and students working in management, organizational behavior, human resources, and employee relations fields.
Improving positive and reducing negative organizational behaviors in businesses are important in terms of organizational success as this will lead to an increase in employee organizational commitment and job satisfaction. Considering that the tourism industry has such a dynamic structure, it is obvious that behavioral issues in the industry need to be scrutinized. Organizational Behavior Challenges in the Tourism Industry is a collection of innovative research that aims to explore relevant theoretical frameworks in terms of organizational behavior issues and provides the opportunity for tourism organizations to understand their employees’ behavior. While highlighting topics including emotional labor, deviant behavior, and organizational cynicism, this book is ideally designed for hotel managers, tour directors, restaurateurs, travel agents, business managers, professionals, researchers, academicians, and students.
Featuring contributions by distinguished scholars from ten countries, The Wiley Handbook of the History and Philosophy of Criminology provides students, scholars, and criminologists with a truly a global perspective on the theory and practice of criminology throughout the centuries and around the world. In addition to chapters devoted to the key ideas, thinkers, and moments in the intellectual and philosophical history of criminology, it features in-depth coverage of the organizational structure of criminology as an academic discipline world-wide. The first section focuses on key ideas that have shaped the field in the past, are shaping it in the present, and are likely to influence its evolution in the foreseeable future. Beginning with early precursors to criminology’s emergence as a unique discipline, the authors trace the evolution of the field, from the pioneering work of 17th century Italian jurist/philosopher, Cesare Beccaria, up through the latest sociological and biosocial trends. In the second section authors address the structure of criminology as an academic discipline in countries around the globe, including in North America, South America, Europe, East Asia, and Australia. With contributions by leading thinkers whose work has been instrumental in the development of criminology and emerging voices on the cutting edge The Wiley Handbook of the History and Philosophy of Criminology provides valuable insights in the latest research trends in the field world-wide - the ideal reference for criminologists as well as those studying in the field and related social science and humanities disciplines.
This book aims to bridge the gap between general CEO research, which is traditionally focused on positive aspects of leadership, and lesser understood research into CEO misconduct and crime. Gottschalk introduces convenience theory as an integrated explanation for CEO involvement in white-collar crime. The chief executive officer is a unique position within an organization in terms of power and influence, role and behavior, compensation and benefits, and conflict and competition. The convenience perspective suggests that motivation (personal and organizational goals), opportunity (offense and concealment in an organizational context), as well as behavior (lack of control and neutralization of guilt) make financial crime a convenient option to avoid threats and to exploit opportunities. A thorough and methodical study, this book will be of special interest to scholars of corporate social responsibility and criminological theory.
This insightful book illustrates thirteen case studies demonstrating the convenience theory of white-collar crime. Offering an integrated deductive perspective through a convenience lens, Petter Gottschalk provides crucial insights into the motives, opportunities and behaviors behind executive deviance.
Organised crime activities have received increased attention throughout the world in recent years. Drug importation and trafficking, fraud (including fraud against the revenue, identity fraud, credit card fraud and maritime fraud), money laundering and people smuggling are all examples of criminal activities that are diverting billions of dollars from legitimate businesses and into the hands of criminal enterprises. The growth of these phenomena has accompanied the growth of international business, with criminals using many of the mechanisms that allow for increased trade to further their aims. All of these activities share one commonality, they are organised and they often rely on some form of official corruption to succeed. Law enforcement officials wishing to counter these activities need to understand the criminal organisations, how they arise, organise and operate. An understanding of criminal entrepreneurship is needed. This book seeks to explore and explain organised crime from a theoretical as well as practical perspective, drawing on international experience and scholarship.
