This work is concerned with optical imaging – from simple apertures to complex imaging systems. It spans the range all the way from optical physics to technical optics. For microscopists and photographers it conveys a deeper insight into the intricacies of their daily used devices. Physics and engineering students learn to understand different imaging systems and sensors as well as lenses and errors, image amplification and processing. This introduction into the topic is suitable for beginners and experienced people. It is illustrated by many practical examples and may also be used as a work of reference. The book is useful for everyone employing and assessing imaging systems in general. A special focus is given to photo camera systems.
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Physics is fundamental to all aspects of digital photography. This book works through the physics underlying the photographic imaging chain, from image capture through to the production of a viewable output digital image. It provides an invaluable insight into the connections between imaging science and photographic practice and is intended for use by both graduate students and established researchers. In this updated and expanded new edition, the material has been re-organised and extensively rewritten and the figures have been enhanced.
This comprehensive and self-contained text for researchers and professionals presents a detailed account of optical imaging from the viewpoint of both ray and wave optics.
The use of optical methodology, instrumentation and photonics devices for imaging, vision and optical sensing is of increasing importance in understanding our marine environment. Subsea optics can make an important contribution to the protection and sustainable management of ocean resources and contribute to monitoring the response of marine systems to climate change. This important book provides an authoritative review of key principles, technologies and their applications.The book is divided into three parts. The first part provides a general introduction to the key concepts in subsea optics and imaging, imaging technologies and the development of ocean optics and colour analysis. Part two reviews the use of subsea optics in environmental analysis. An introduction to the concepts of underwater light fields is followed by an overview of coloured dissolved organic matter (CDOM) and an assessment of nutrients in the water column. This section concludes with discussions of the properties of subsea bioluminescence, harmful algal blooms and their impact and finally an outline of optical techniques for studying suspended sediments, turbulence and mixing in the marine environment. Part three reviews subsea optical systems technologies. A general overview of imaging and visualisation using conventional photography and video leads onto advanced techniques like digital holography, laser line-scanning and range-gated imaging as well as their use in controlled observation platforms or global observation networks. This section also outlines techniques like Raman spectroscopy, hyperspectral sensing and imaging, laser Doppler anemometry (LDA) and particle image velocimetry (PIV), optical fibre sensing and LIDAR systems. Finally, a chapter on fluorescence methodologies brings the volume to a close.With its distinguished editor and international team of contributors, Subsea optics and imaging is a standard reference for those researching, developing and using subsea optical technologies as well as environmental scientists and agencies concerned with monitoring the marine environment. - Provides an authoritative review of key principles, technologies and their applications - Outlines the key concepts in subsea optics and imaging, imaging technologies and the development of ocean optics and colour analysis - Reviews the properties of subsea bioluminescence, harmful algal blooms and their impact
Selected by the American Library Association's 'Choice' magazine as "best technical book", the first edition of this book soon established itself as the standard reference work on all aspects of photographic lenses and associated optical systems. This is unsurprising, as Sidney Ray provides a complete, comprehensive reference source for anyone wanting information on photographic lenses, from the student to the practitioner or specialist working with visual and digital media worldwide. This third edition has been fully revised and expanded to include the rapid progress in the last decade in optical technology and advances in relevant electronic and digital forms of imaging. Every chapter has been revised and expanded using new figures and photographs as appropriate, as well as extended bibliographies. New chapters include details of filters, measurements from images and the optical systems of digital cameras. Details of electronic and digital imaging have been integrated throughout. More information is given on topics such as aspherics, diffractive optics, ED glasses, image stabilization, optical technology, video projection and new types of lenses. A selection of the contents includes chapters on: optical theory, aberrations, auto focus, lens testing, depth of field, development of photographic lenses, general properties of lenses, wide-angle lenses, telephoto lenses, video lenses, viewfinder systems, camera movements, projection systems and 3-D systems.
This hand book is concerned with optical imaging – from simple pinhole cameras to complex imaging systems. It spans the range all the way from optical physics to technical optics. Based on ray- and wave-optical approaches complemented by principles of Fourier optics, the book discusses the process of imaging from the beginning until image capture where, in particular, the different topics are well integrated with each other. Different imaging systems and sensors are reviewed as well as lenses and aberrations, image intensification and processing. The second and enlarged edition has been updated by actual developments and complemented by the topic of smart phone camera photography. The latter plays an important role today in the field of optical imaging and represents a fully integrated optical system with potential for further new developments. For physicists, natural scientists, engineers, photographers and microscopists on one side and students of physics, natural sciences or engineering in general on the other side, the books provides an introduction into the complex field of optical imaging. For all of them with practical experience the book conveys a deeper insight into the intricacies and quality assessment of their daily used devices.
A comprehensive and up-to-date textbook and reference for computational imaging, which combines vision, graphics, signal processing, and optics. Computational imaging involves the joint design of imaging hardware and computer algorithms to create novel imaging systems with unprecedented capabilities. In recent years such capabilities include cameras that operate at a trillion frames per second, microscopes that can see small viruses long thought to be optically irresolvable, and telescopes that capture images of black holes. This text offers a comprehensive and up-to-date introduction to this rapidly growing field, a convergence of vision, graphics, signal processing, and optics. It can be used as an instructional resource for computer imaging courses and as a reference for professionals. It covers the fundamentals of the field, current research and applications, and light transport techniques. The text first presents an imaging toolkit, including optics, image sensors, and illumination, and a computational toolkit, introducing modeling, mathematical tools, model-based inversion, data-driven inversion techniques, and hybrid inversion techniques. It then examines different modalities of light, focusing on the plenoptic function, which describes degrees of freedom of a light ray. Finally, the text outlines light transport techniques, describing imaging systems that obtain micron-scale 3D shape or optimize for noise-free imaging, optical computing, and non-line-of-sight imaging. Throughout, it discusses the use of computational imaging methods in a range of application areas, including smart phone photography, autonomous driving, and medical imaging. End-of-chapter exercises help put the material in context.
