Excerpt from On the Cyclonic Distribution of Rainfall To each and every member of my former classes in Meteor ology, and especially to' the members of the Weather Club, I ex tend my thanks, and desire to present a copy of this paper. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Excerpt from The Distribution of Rainfall Over the Land Hence it is most important to people of very different interests to have an exact knowledge of the distribution of moisture. But the estimation of moisture is not so easy a matter as that of temperature or pressure. The actual gravimetric determinations are very delicate and comparatively slow operations. The ordinary methods are to deduce the pressure and quantity of water-vapour in the atmosphere from the effect of evaporation in lowering the temperature of a wetted thermometer bulb. The ordinary method of placing dry and wet bulbs in a louvred. Screen invalidates the certainty of the estimates, for the wind influences evaporation, and this factor is rarely taken into account. Only in recent years has the use of aspiration or sling psychrometers been adopted, and the observations are made at few places and for too short a period to be mapped. The use of condensation hygrometers is subject to the same criticism. Hair hygrometers are also employed, but, on the whole, they give good qualitative rather than exact quantitative records. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Excerpt from Rainfall Laws: Deduced From Twenty Years of Observation For a second part I reserve the exposition of the laws governing the normal distribution Of rainfall throughout the seasons. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Excerpt from Periodic Variation of Rainfall in the Arid Region The greater portion of the precipitation over the Pacific and plateau regions undoubtedly is from the warm, moisture-laden prevalent west and southwest winds that have blown across the expanse of the Pacific Ocean, becoming cooled by being forced up to the high altitudes of the Cascade, Coast, Sierra Nevada, and Rocky mountains; some, however, is due to the influence of cyclonic disturbances passing across those regions. These warm, moist winds coming in contact with the mountains near the coast are forced to an elevation where their capacity to retain moisture is reduced by the lowering of their temperatures, and precipitation results; and the higher the altitude attained the lower the temperature experienced, the less is the capacity of the air to retain moisture. The moisture that still remains in the air after crossing the Cascade and Sierra Nevada ranges is, to a great degree, precipitated upon the higher elevations and summits of the Rocky Mountains. It must be believed, however, that even after crossing the Rockies some moisture still remains in the air. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Excerpt from Storm Rainfall of Eastern United States This report sets forth the results of what is probably the most extended study of storm rainfall that has ever been undertaken. When an engineering examination Of the Miami Valley was begun, immediately after the subsidence Of the great flood of March, 1913, for the purpose of determining the best plan for preventing damage by future floods, an investigation of rainfall and runofl' conditions was one of the first lines of attack. Although the 1913 flood seems to have been by far the largest that has occurred in this valley since its first occupation by white settlers a little over 100 years ago, it was soon apparent that the records Of daily discharge Of the Miami River going back only to 1892, and the local rainfall records Of somewhat longer duration, afforded but a poor basis for the determination of the most probable size, frequency, and distribution Of future floods. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Excerpt from Rainfall of the United States: With Annual, Seasonal, and Other Charts It is quite probable that rain falls in the United States at one point or another every day of the year. On very rare occasions the observers of the Weather Bureau report no precipitation at a given hour, but it should be remembered that their range of vision can cover at the utmost less than one-hundredth part of the whole area. The theories of rainfall given in the books of twenty or thirty years ago are not now wholly accepted. There is one very simple principle, however, upon which no disagreement exists, viz, that in order to produce abundant rain the temperature of air must he suddenly cooled below the dew-point. When the air is thus cooled, a portion of the water vapor which is always present within it is changed to the liquid state, and that which formerly existed as a gas or vapor now becomes visible in the form of minute particles of fog or mist. The particles thus formed may oat away with the wind or they may increase in size, coalesce, and fall to the ground of their own weight. Whether the condensation of vapor thus outlined results simply in cloud, or whether rain falls, depends on the magnitude of the temperature changes that take place in the air mass whose vapor is being condensed. A rise in temperature is inimical to further condensation; a fall is favorable to precipitation. The precise manner in which air is cooled sufficiently to produce rain, whether by contact or by mixing, is not clearly apprehended. Cooling by expansion as air ascends is one of the most effective causes of rainfall. The ascensional movement of air is brought about in several ways, chief of which are: (1) The air may be forced up the side of a mountain into a region of dimin ished pressure and lower temperature, as happens whenever a mountain range runs in a direction at right angles to the prevailing winds; (2) in the warm season, the lower layers of the atmosphere under the effect of solar radiation, and probably other causes, frequently reach a state of unstable equilibrium, thus inducing ascensional currents - summer thunderstorms are largely a result of this process; (3) last, and doubtless most important of all, is the circulation of air in cyclonic storms, viz, a radial in ow from all sides and an ascensional movement in the center. A very large percentage of the rain of the United States is precipitated in connection with the passage of storms of the latter class. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works."
