On Impatience and Policy Effectiveness
On Impatience and Policy Effectiveness

Author: Ms.Silvia Sgherri

Publisher: International Monetary Fund

Published: 2009-01-01

Total Pages: 30

ISBN-13: 1451871651

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An increasing body of evidence suggests that the behavior of the economy has changed in many fundamental ways over the last decades. In particular, greater financial deregulation, larger wealth accumulation, and better policies might have helped lower uncertainty about future income and lengthen private sectors' planning horizon. In an overlapping-generations model, in which individuals discount the future more rapidly than implied by the market rate of interest, we find indeed evidence of a falling degree of impatience, providing empirical support for this hypothesis. The degree of persistence of "windfall" shocks to disposable income also appears to have varied over time. Shifts of this kind are shown to have a key impact on the average marginal propensity to consume and on the size of policy multipliers.

Copyright Policies and Workflows in Libraries
Copyright Policies and Workflows in Libraries

Author: Allyson Mower

Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield

Published: 2020-07-20

Total Pages: 167

ISBN-13: 1538133237

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"[T]his volume provides a wealth of information for all librarians dealing with copyright." Library Journal, Starred Review Copyright situations in libraries can get complicated. How do librarians know how much they can copy? Is everything in libraries fair use? Can librarians let people show movies in the library? Do new services like 3D printing involve copyright? Should librarians always say ‘no’ when patrons want to copy something? Finding the answers can be time-consuming, but with copyright policies and workflows in place, those answers are at the fingertips of librarians. Knowing how to create and implement copyright policies will make it much easier to address the copyright situations that come up in your library. Librarians and those who work in libraries can use this book to get good information and practical advice on both copyright basics and policies. The book is different from other books about copyright in libraries because it focuses on more than the rules of copyright. It goes further by guiding librarians and information professionals on how to incorporate the rules into policies, procedures, and workflows. With this book, librarians and information professionals will be able to craft a copyright policy that will enable them to answer complicated copyright questions quickly and easily. The book includes sample policies from all types of libraries: academic, public, government, and private. The book covers how to implement a policy and ways to assess its effectiveness. Copyright Policies and Workflows in Libraries will help you understand Copyright basics and how to get permission Your library’s context within a legal landscape The best components of a policy Practical copyright workflows How to assess policy effectiveness

Managing Complexity
Managing Complexity

Author: Tanim Bayoumi

Publisher: Brookings Institution Press

Published: 2016-01-05

Total Pages: 441

ISBN-13: 081572716X

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A critical look at the challenges facing international policy cooperation in the new postcrisis environment. The global financial crisis of 2007–09 highlighted the economic interdependencies between all major countries, raising the issues of international cooperation. Managing Complexity: Economic Policy Cooperation after the Crisis looks at how, following the global financial crisis, countries have changed the way they cooperate with each other on matters of economic policy. In this volume, the result of a joint research project of Chatham House and the International Monetary Fund, researchers and policymakers who were directly involved in the crisis take a critical look at the challenges facing international policy cooperation in the new postcrisis environment and at how the theory and practice of cooperation have evolved as a result of the crisis.

The Dog That Didn’t Bark
The Dog That Didn’t Bark

Author: Mr.Tamim Bayoumi

Publisher: International Monetary Fund

Published: 2015-07-15

Total Pages: 22

ISBN-13: 151358460X

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This paper examines domestic policy cooperation, a curiously neglected issue. Both international and domestic cooperation were live issues in the 1970s when the IS/LM model predicted very different external outcomes from monetary and fiscal policies. Interest in domestic policy cooperation has since fallen on hard intellectual times—with knock-ons to international cooperation—as macroeconomic policy roles became highly compartmentalized. I first discuss the intellectual and policy making undercurrents behind this neglect, and explain why they are less relevant after the global crisis. This is followed by a discussion of: macroeconomic policy cooperation in a world of more fiscal activism; coordination across financial agencies and with macroeconomic policies; and how structural policies fit into this. The paper concludes with a proposal for a “grand bargain” across principle players to create a “new domestic cooperation.”

Japan
Japan

Author: International Monetary Fund. Asia and Pacific Dept

Publisher: International Monetary Fund

Published: 2016-08-02

Total Pages: 86

ISBN-13: 1475522525

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This Selected Issues paper discusses the findings of the IMF staff research focusing on labor market dynamics, economic growth, the financial sector, private investment, and monetary policy in Japan. Japan’s labor market has fared relatively well considering the occasional substantial output losses, with unemployment remaining low. Although Japan’s employment responsiveness to the cyclical position has been relatively low, it has been rising over time reflecting the higher share of the nonregular workforce. The lower employment response to output compared with other countries during the Great Recession reflects the quick implementation of an employment subsidy program, a more flexible wage system, and strong employment protection.

School Effectiveness
School Effectiveness

Author: Pamela Sammons

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 1999-01-01

Total Pages: 428

ISBN-13: 9789026515491

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This volume explores the influence of students' background on educational outcomes, ways of contextualising school performance, and current issues and developments in school effectiveness research. Also investigated is how the research contributes to understanding of school and classroom processes.

Prevention and youth crime
Prevention and youth crime

Author: Blyth, Maggie

Publisher: Policy Press

Published: 2008-11-19

Total Pages: 137

ISBN-13: 1847422640

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The 2008 UK government Youth Crime Action Plan emphasises prevention and early intervention in different aspects of work with young people who offend or are considered to be 'at risk' of offending. Much of this approach includes targeted work with families and work to reduce the numbers of young people entering the youth justice system. This report takes a critical look at early intervention policies. Through contributions from leading experts on youth work and criminal justice it considers the development of integrated and targeted youth support services and the implications for practice of early intervention policies; analyses the causes of serious violent crime through consideration of issues that address gangs and guns; provides an evaluation of the government's early intervention strategy through the examination of its Sure Start programme and other family initiatives; identifies the psychobiological effects of violence on children and links them to problem behaviour; considers the impacts of family intervention projects and parenting work and compares approaches to early intervention across different jurisdictions and examines the lessons for practice in England and Wales.

Microeconomics: A Very Short Introduction
Microeconomics: A Very Short Introduction

Author: Avinash Dixit

Publisher: OUP Oxford

Published: 2014-04-24

Total Pages: 153

ISBN-13: 0191003603

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Microeconomics - individuals' choices of where to live and work, how much to save, what to buy, and firms' decisions about location, hiring, firing, and investment - involves issues that concern us on a daily basis. But when people think about economics, they tend to place importance on the bigger picture - macroeconomics - including issues such as unemployment, inflation, and the competitiveness of nations. In this Very Short Introduction, Avinash Dixit argues that the microeconomy has a large impact on the economic world, arguably as much as the issues of macroeconomics. Dixit steers a clear path through the huge number of issues related to microeconomics, explaining what happens when things go well, as well as showing how they fail, why that happens, and what can be done about it. Using real-life examples from around the world, using the minimum of mathematics and including simple graphs, he provides insights into economics from psychology and sociology to explain economic behaviour and rational choice. An ideal introduction for anyone interested in business and economics. ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.

Regional Economic Outlook, May 2009, Europe
Regional Economic Outlook, May 2009, Europe

Author: International Monetary Fund. European Dept.

Publisher: International Monetary Fund

Published: 2009-05-08

Total Pages: 73

ISBN-13: 1589068416

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Europe is in a deep recession. Adverse feedback between the financial and real sectors and across borders is likely to delay the recovery and create downside risks. Unprecedented policies have been undertaken to address the crisis-but are they likely to be successful and sufficiently coordinated for a tightly integrated region? To restore trust and confidence in financial markets, additional and forceful action will be essential. Maintaining fiscal support should help soften the downturn, in particular if sustainability is supported by solid medium-term strategies and fiscal frameworks. To be effective, these policies require coordination across advanced and emerging economies. The report's analytical work underpins the link between fiscal sustainability, coordination, and effectiveness, and stresses that emerging markets have been affected differently by the crisis, with the quality of policies and external vulnerabilities being key factors.