Oak Ridge K-25 Site Chlorinated Solvent Pollution Prevention Opportunity Assessment
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Published: 1994
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Published: 1994
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Published: 1995
Total Pages: 782
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Published: 1995
Total Pages: 424
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Published: 1997
Total Pages: 972
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Published: 1996-05
Total Pages: 1130
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Published: 1997
Total Pages: 968
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DOWNLOAD EBOOKAuthor: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
Published: 2013-02-27
Total Pages: 423
ISBN-13: 0309278139
DOWNLOAD EBOOKAcross the United States, thousands of hazardous waste sites are contaminated with chemicals that prevent the underlying groundwater from meeting drinking water standards. These include Superfund sites and other facilities that handle and dispose of hazardous waste, active and inactive dry cleaners, and leaking underground storage tanks; many are at federal facilities such as military installations. While many sites have been closed over the past 30 years through cleanup programs run by the U.S. Department of Defense, the U.S. EPA, and other state and federal agencies, the remaining caseload is much more difficult to address because the nature of the contamination and subsurface conditions make it difficult to achieve drinking water standards in the affected groundwater. Alternatives for Managing the Nation's Complex Contaminated Groundwater Sites estimates that at least 126,000 sites across the U.S. still have contaminated groundwater, and their closure is expected to cost at least $110 billion to $127 billion. About 10 percent of these sites are considered "complex," meaning restoration is unlikely to be achieved in the next 50 to 100 years due to technological limitations. At sites where contaminant concentrations have plateaued at levels above cleanup goals despite active efforts, the report recommends evaluating whether the sites should transition to long-term management, where risks would be monitored and harmful exposures prevented, but at reduced costs.
Author: N. J. Hawkins
Publisher:
Published: 1953
Total Pages: 26
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DOWNLOAD EBOOKAuthor: Arun R. Gavaskar
Publisher:
Published: 1998
Total Pages: 198
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DOWNLOAD EBOOKBecause of the limitations of conventional pump-and-treat systems in treating groundwater contaminants, permeable barriers are potentially more cost-effective than pump-and-treat systems for treating dissolved chlorinated solvent plumes, which may persist in the saturated zone for several decades. Other contaminants, such as chromium or other soluble heavy metals, can also be treated with this technology. Permeable Barriers for Groundwater Remediation discusses the types of permeable barriers, their design and construction, and how they can be monitored to evaluate compliance. It provides practical guidance on reactive media selection, treatability testing, hydrogeologic and geochemical modeling, and innovative installation techniques for the evaluation and application of this promising new technology. The types of permeable barriers discussed include: trench-type and caisson-based reactive cells; innovative emplacements, such as horizontal trenching and jetting; and continuous reactive barriers versus funnel-and-gate systems.