Nondestructive Evaluation of the Tensile Properties of Structural Lumber from the Spruce-pine-fir Species Grouping
Nondestructive Evaluation of the Tensile Properties of Structural Lumber from the Spruce-pine-fir Species Grouping

Author: Nusret As

Publisher:

Published: 2020

Total Pages: 12

ISBN-13:

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The study summarized in this research note was conducted to examine the relationships between nondestructive evaluation (NDE) parameters, tensile modulus of elasticity (MOE), and strength of spruce–pine–fir structural lumber. Samples were procured from a local lumber yard using a random selection process and were conditioned at the USDA Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, to 10% equilibrium moisture content. Static bending and vibration (transverse and longitudinal) nondestructive tests were conducted on each specimen and MOE was calculated. The relationship between static and dynamic modulus values was examined, and empirical models were developed using statistical regression analysis techniques. Results revealed excellent correlative relationships among MOE values. Coefficients of determination obtained were 0.92, 0.96, and 0.93 for MOE of static transverse vibration, MOE of static longitudinal vibration, and MOE of longitudinal transverse vibration, respectively. Correlative relationships were also observed between NDE parameters and tensile strength. Coefficients of determination were similar to those observed for strength predication models developed for other species.

Nondestructive Evaluation of the Tensile Properties of Structural Lumber from the Spruce-pine-fir Species Grouping
Nondestructive Evaluation of the Tensile Properties of Structural Lumber from the Spruce-pine-fir Species Grouping

Author: Nusret As

Publisher:

Published: 2020

Total Pages: 12

ISBN-13:

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This study was undertaken to examine the relationship between lumber grain angle and the energy loss characteristics of structural lumber. A random sample of 100 spruce–pine–fir lumber specimens was obtained from a local lumber yard. Grain angle was measured at numerous locations for each specimen with equipment that uses a dielectric nondestructive testing technique. A commonly used free transverse vibration test, in which the specimens were simply supported in a flatwise bending mode, was used to determine the energy loss characteristics of the specimens. Increases in grain angle resulted in greater energy loss. A statisically significant positive correlative relationship was found between grain angle and energy loss. More importantly, based on results from this study, energy loss measurements may be useful for detecting lumber with low strength values.

Nondestructive Evaluation of Wood
Nondestructive Evaluation of Wood

Author: Forest Service (U S )

Publisher: Government Printing Office

Published: 2015

Total Pages: 176

ISBN-13: 9780160928871

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Nature's engineering of wood through genetics, wind, and weather creates a wide variability in wood as a material. Consequently, manufacture and users of wood products are frequently frustrated in dealing with the forest resource. Manufacturers sometimes argue that wood is difficult to consistently process into quality products because of the wide range of properties that exist in this raw material. Users of wood products can be equally frustrated with the performance variability found in finished products. Nondestructive evaluation (NDE) technologies have contributed significantly toward eliminating the cause of these frustrations. NDE technologies have been developed and are currently used in lumber and veneer grading programs that result in engineered materials that have consistent well-defined performance characteristics. This brief volume explores some of the processes that are used to manufacture wood, including green wood technology and provides a bit of history to wood production and its uses too. Other products that may interest you from the US Forest Service can be found at this link: https://bookstore.gpo.gov/agency/819

Nondestructive Assessment of Flexural and Tensile Properties for Southern Pine Structural Lumber
Nondestructive Assessment of Flexural and Tensile Properties for Southern Pine Structural Lumber

Author: Marly Gabriela Carmona Uzcategui

Publisher:

Published: 2022

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13:

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The flexural and tensile properties of visually graded southern yellow pine lumber were modeled. Longitudinal and transverse vibration techniques and proof-loading bending tests were used to assess the flexural and tensile properties of southern pine lumber. The properties evaluated were dynamic modulus of elasticity (dMOE), static modulus of elasticity (Eb), tension modulus of elasticity (Et), and ultimate tensile stress (UTS). The tensile properties were evaluated in the direction parallel to the grain. This study presents the results of tests conducted on No. 2 2 × 6 and 2 × 10 southern pine lumber of two different lengths (14 ft. and 16 ft.). The results of the analysis show that nondestructive testing techniques are excellent to assess Et and Eb. Moderate relationships were found between dMOE and UTS and between Eb and UTS. Improvements in the prediction of UTS were done with the inclusion of additional parameters into the model. The combination of dMOE, density, and frequency domain area (FDA) generated the highest coefficient of determination for UTS. The distributions of flexural and tensile properties were analyzed for the goodness of fit. Normal distribution was found for Eb data whereas the lognormal distribution was the best fit for the tensile properties.

Evaluation of Some Structural Properties of Lumber from Norway Spruce Trees Grown in the Maritimes
Evaluation of Some Structural Properties of Lumber from Norway Spruce Trees Grown in the Maritimes

Author:

Publisher:

Published: 1993

Total Pages: 39

ISBN-13:

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The main objective of this study is to evaluate the grade yields and mechanical properties of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) grown in Nova Scotia and New Brunswick. The four samples of Norway spruce trees selected for the study were processed into 530 dry 1x3 dimension lumber pieces. The investigators graded the lumber pieces according to both British and Canadian specifications, and estimated yields for selected visual and machine grades. They tested the pieces to determine their modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity, and specific gravity. Comparisons were made between wood of two provenances: MS87 (German) and MS85 (Polish), and among lumber obtained from mature and juvenile stands. Comparisons are also presented between the Norway spruce data and spruce-pine-fir lumber data.

Insights and Innovations in Structural Engineering, Mechanics and Computation
Insights and Innovations in Structural Engineering, Mechanics and Computation

Author: Alphose Zingoni

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2016-11-25

Total Pages: 3395

ISBN-13: 1317280628

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Insights and Innovations in Structural Engineering, Mechanics and Computation comprises 360 papers that were presented at the Sixth International Conference on Structural Engineering, Mechanics and Computation (SEMC 2016, Cape Town, South Africa, 5-7 September 2016). The papers reflect the broad scope of the SEMC conferences, and cover a wide range of engineering structures (buildings, bridges, towers, roofs, foundations, offshore structures, tunnels, dams, vessels, vehicles and machinery) and engineering materials (steel, aluminium, concrete, masonry, timber, glass, polymers, composites, laminates, smart materials). Some contributions present the latest insights and new understanding on (i) the mechanics of structures and systems (dynamics, vibration, seismic response, instability, buckling, soil-structure interaction), and (ii) the mechanics of materials and fluids (elasticity, plasticity, fluid-structure interaction, flow through porous media, biomechanics, fracture, fatigue, bond, creep, shrinkage). Other contributions report on (iii) recent advances in computational modelling and testing (numerical simulations, finite-element modeling, experimental testing), and (iv) developments and innovations in structural engineering (planning, analysis, design, construction, assembly, maintenance, repair and retrofitting of structures). Insights and Innovations in Structural Engineering, Mechanics and Computation is particularly of interest to civil, structural, mechanical, marine and aerospace engineers. Researchers, developers, practitioners and academics in these disciplines will find the content useful. Short versions of the papers, intended to be concise but self-contained summaries of the full papers, are collected in the book, while the full versions of the papers are on the accompanying CD.

The Structural Engineer’s Professional Training Manual
The Structural Engineer’s Professional Training Manual

Author: Dave Adams

Publisher: McGraw Hill Professional

Published: 2007-10-24

Total Pages: 430

ISBN-13: 0071481079

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The Business and Problem-Solving Skills Needed for Success in Your Engineering Career! The Structural Engineer's Professional Training Manual offers a solid foundation in the real-world business and problem-solving skills needed in the engineering workplace. Filled with illustrations and practical “punch-list” summaries, this career-building guide provides an introduction to the practice and business of structural and civil engineering, including lots of detailed advice on developing competence and communicating ideas. Comprehensive and easy-to-understand, The Structural Engineer's Professional Training Manual features: Recommendations for successfully training engineers who are new to the field Methods for bringing together ideas from a variety of sources to find workable solutions to difficult problems Information on the real-world behaviors of building materials Guidance on licensing, liability, regulations, and employment Techniques for responsibly estimating design time and cost Tips on communicating design ideas effectively Strategies for working successfully as part of a team Inside This Skills-Building Engineering Resource • The Dynamics of Training • The World of Professional Engineering • The Business of Structural Engineering • Building Projects • Bridge Projects • Building Your Own Competence • Communicating Your Designs • Engineering Mechanics • Soil Mechanics • Understanding the Behavior of Concrete • Understanding the Behavior of Masonry Construction • Understanding the Behavior of Structural Steel • Understanding the Behavior of Wood Framing