New Developments in Visual Attention Research
New Developments in Visual Attention Research

Author: Damien Delagarza

Publisher:

Published: 2017

Total Pages: 214

ISBN-13: 9781536123913

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The human brain deals, at every instant, with a huge amount of visual stimuli. Besides that, the problem of treating all this information becomes even more complex if we consider that each component of a given stimuli needs to be compared to a set of known signals stored in memory. In Chapter One a numerical solution of Hodgkin Huxley equations is presented to describe the behavior of a neuron and the solution is illustrated by a graphical chart interface to finely tune the behavior of the neuron visually programmed in Java. Chapter Two explores the connection between visual attention algorithms and the recognition of objects by computers in digital images. Chapter Three reviews research and provides original data asserting that bias in legal judgment persists despite the inclusion of visual evidence partly because decision-makers' perceptions of visual evidence may be swayed by subjective factors. The preference for a product is usually influenced by the visual appearance of the product image. Chapter Four proposes a new content-based approach, denominated CBAS, that combines textual attributes, visual features and visual attention to compose the products profile. Chapter Five uses electroencephalography (EEG) to investigate the brain activations of visual attention in production designers and analyse the differences between higher creativity (HC) and lower creativity (LC) designers.

Objects and Attention
Objects and Attention

Author: Brian J. Scholl

Publisher: MIT Press

Published: 2002

Total Pages: 248

ISBN-13: 9780262692809

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An overview of object-based models of attention.

Attention and information Processing in infants and Adults
Attention and information Processing in infants and Adults

Author: B. A. Campbell

Publisher: Psychology Press

Published: 2014-01-02

Total Pages: 369

ISBN-13: 1317783298

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First published in 1991. The impetus for this book and the conference upon which it was based stemmed from the authors’ observation that the interrelated phenomena of attention and information processing were the focus of intensive theoretical analysis and empirical research in many different scientific disciplines. The goal of the conference upon which this volume is based was to bring together a distinguished group of investigators from different fields who had rarely (or never) interacted. The specific issues addressed in the present volume concern the changes that occur in attention and information processing during development, the role of selective attention and pre-attentive mechanisms in information processing, the allocation of processing resources, the physiological correlates of attention, and the role of attention-like processes in learning and memory in animals. The participants were from all over the world and represented the areas of psychophysiology, human infancy, developmental psychobiology, animal learning, autonomic regulation, and psychopathology.

Attention
Attention

Author: Addie Johnson

Publisher: SAGE

Published: 2004

Total Pages: 489

ISBN-13: 0761927611

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Attention: Theory and Practice provides a balance between a readable overview of attention and an emphasis on how theories and paradigms for the study of attention have developed. The book highlights the important issues and major findings while giving sufficient details of experimental studies, models, and theories so that results and conclusions are easy to follow and evaluate. Rather than brushing over tricky technical details, the authors explain them clearly, giving readers the benefit of understanding the motivation for and techniques of the experiments in order to allow readers to think through results, models, and theories for themselves. Attention is an accessible text for advanced undergraduate and graduate students in psychology, as well as an important resource for researchers and practitioners interested in gaining an overview of the field of attention.

The Development of Attention
The Development of Attention

Author: J.T. Enns

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 1990-08-23

Total Pages: 587

ISBN-13: 0080867235

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This volume presents an up-to-date review of developmental aspects of human attention by leading researchers and theorists. The papers included in the first section consider the ways in which newborns are pretuned to visual, auditory, linguistic, and social features of their environment, as well as how selectivity to these features changes in the first year of life. The following section examines properties of the visual and auditory world that are attention-getting for children. Developmental increases in capacity and strategy are also examined in this section through the study of perception, memory, problem-solving and language. Section III explores several ways in which selective processing can fail in development (e.g. autism, hyperactivity, and psychopathy) while Section IV reports on those aspects of selectivity that are lost (and preserved) in the aging process.

Attention in Early Development
Attention in Early Development

Author: Holly Alliger Ruff

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2001-05-03

Total Pages: 314

ISBN-13: 9780195350456

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1. Introduction. 2. Constructs and Measures. 3. Looking and Visual Attention: Overview and Developmental Framework. 4. Scanning, Searching, and Shifting Attention. 5. Development of Selectivity. 6. Development of Attention as a State. 7. Focused Visual Attention and Resistance to Distraction. 8. Increasing Independence in the Control of Attention. 9. Attention in Learning and Performance. 10. Individual Differences in Attention. 11. Early Manifestations of Attention Deficits. 12. Individuality and Development. 13. Recapitulation. References. Author Index. Subject Index

Brain Development and Cognition
Brain Development and Cognition

Author: Mark H. Johnson

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2008-04-15

Total Pages: 560

ISBN-13: 0470752025

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The first edition of this successful reader brought together key readings in the area of developmental cognitive neuroscience for students. Now updated in order to keep up with this fast moving field, the volume includes new readings illustrating recent developments along with updated versions of previous contributions.

Discovering the Brain
Discovering the Brain

Author: National Academy of Sciences

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 1992-01-01

Total Pages: 195

ISBN-13: 0309045290

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The brain ... There is no other part of the human anatomy that is so intriguing. How does it develop and function and why does it sometimes, tragically, degenerate? The answers are complex. In Discovering the Brain, science writer Sandra Ackerman cuts through the complexity to bring this vital topic to the public. The 1990s were declared the "Decade of the Brain" by former President Bush, and the neuroscience community responded with a host of new investigations and conferences. Discovering the Brain is based on the Institute of Medicine conference, Decade of the Brain: Frontiers in Neuroscience and Brain Research. Discovering the Brain is a "field guide" to the brainâ€"an easy-to-read discussion of the brain's physical structure and where functions such as language and music appreciation lie. Ackerman examines: How electrical and chemical signals are conveyed in the brain. The mechanisms by which we see, hear, think, and pay attentionâ€"and how a "gut feeling" actually originates in the brain. Learning and memory retention, including parallels to computer memory and what they might tell us about our own mental capacity. Development of the brain throughout the life span, with a look at the aging brain. Ackerman provides an enlightening chapter on the connection between the brain's physical condition and various mental disorders and notes what progress can realistically be made toward the prevention and treatment of stroke and other ailments. Finally, she explores the potential for major advances during the "Decade of the Brain," with a look at medical imaging techniquesâ€"what various technologies can and cannot tell usâ€"and how the public and private sectors can contribute to continued advances in neuroscience. This highly readable volume will provide the public and policymakersâ€"and many scientists as wellâ€"with a helpful guide to understanding the many discoveries that are sure to be announced throughout the "Decade of the Brain."

Visual Attention in Children
Visual Attention in Children

Author: Kenneth A. Lane

Publisher: SLACK Incorporated

Published: 2012

Total Pages: 250

ISBN-13: 1556429568

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In typical child development, attention controls many aspects of learning, including memory, motor control, and problem solving. Attention organizes the constant influx of information that needs to be absorbed by children. Inside Visual Attention in Children: Theories and Activities, Dr. Kenneth A. Lane describes the positive aspects of attention that are needed for children to be successful in the classroom, such as concentration and vigilance, as opposed to negative aspects that can lead to failure, such as distractibility and confusion. This book is divided into two parts. The first eight chapters of the book explain attention and its relationship to vision and visual stimuli. The core topics discussed here include Autism, ADHD, Dyslexia, Executive Function, and Memory. The second half outlines a Vision Therapy program and consists of activities for improving visual attention in children. Over 100 activities are explained and illustrated. Visual Attention in Children: Theories and Activities is anchored on current theories in five areas of attention that shape child development. Theories Described Include: Focused Attention - The ability to respond discreetly to visual, auditory, and tactile stimuli Selective Attention - The ability to maintain behavioral or cognitive abilities in the face of distracting or competing stimuli Shifting Attention - The ability to rapidly shift attention from one object to another Sustained Attention - The ability to maintain a consistent behavioral response during a continuous or repetitive activity Divided Attention -The ability to engage in more than one attention-focused task at one time Visual Attention in Children: Theories and Activities is the perfect tool for occupational therapy students and clinicians as well as other professionals specializing in child development and learning who are looking to enhance their understanding of this topic and who need unique ideas and activities to add to their visual therapy training programs.

Gaze-Following
Gaze-Following

Author: Ross Flom

Publisher: Psychology Press

Published: 2017-09-25

Total Pages: 335

ISBN-13: 1351566016

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What does a child’s ability to look where another is looking tell us about his or her early cognitive development? What does this ability—or lack thereof—tell us about a child’s language development, understanding of other’s intentions, and the emergence of autism? This volume assembles several years of research on the processing of gaze information and its relationship to early social-cognitive development in infants spanning many age groups. Gaze-Following examines how humans and non-human primates use another individual’s direction of gaze to learn about the world around them. The chapters throughout this volume address development in areas including joint attention, early non-verbal social interactions, language development, and theory of mind understanding. Offering novel insights regarding the significance of gaze-following, the editors present research from a neurological and a behavioral perspective, and compare children with and without pervasive developmental disorders. Scholars in the areas of cognitive development specifically, and developmental science more broadly, as well as clinical psychologists will be interested in the intriguing research presented in this volume.