Neutron Scattering and Other Nuclear Techniques for Hydrogen in Materials

Neutron Scattering and Other Nuclear Techniques for Hydrogen in Materials

Author: Helmut Fritzsche

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2016-04-22

Total Pages: 416

ISBN-13: 3319227920

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This book provides a comprehensive overview of the main nuclear characterization techniques used to study hydrogen absorption and desorption in materials. The various techniques (neutron scattering, nuclear magnetic resonance, ion-beams, positron annihilation spectroscopy) are explained in detail, and a variety of examples of recent research projects are given to show the unique advantage of these techniques to study hydrogen in materials. Most of these nuclear techniques require very specialized instrumentation, and there are only a handful of these instruments available worldwide. Therefore, the aim of this book is to reach out to a readership with a very diverse background in the physical sciences and engineering and a broad range of hydrogen-related research interests. The same technique can be used by researchers interested in the improvement of the performance of hydrogen storage materials and by those focused on hydrogen ingress causing embrittlement of metals. The emphasis of this book is to provide tutorial material on how to use nuclear characterization techniques for the investigation of hydrogen in materials – information that cannot readily be found in conference and regular research papers. Provides a comprehensive overview of nuclear techniques used for hydrogen-related research Explains all nuclear techniques in detail for the non-expert Covers the whole range of hydrogen-related research Features chapters written by world-renowned experts in nuclear technique and hydrogen-related research


Elements of Slow-Neutron Scattering

Elements of Slow-Neutron Scattering

Author: J. M. Carpenter

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2015-09-24

Total Pages: 539

ISBN-13: 0521857813

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This book provides a comprehensive and up-to-date introduction to the fundamental theory and applications of slow-neutron scattering.


Dynamics of Soft Matter

Dynamics of Soft Matter

Author: VICTORIA GARCIA SAKAI

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2011-12-19

Total Pages: 455

ISBN-13: 1461407265

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Dynamics of Soft Matter: Neutron Applications provides an overview of neutron scattering techniques that measure temporal and spatial correlations simultaneously, at the microscopic and/or mesoscopic scale. These techniques offer answers to new questions arising at the interface of physics, chemistry, and biology. Knowledge of the dynamics at these levels is crucial to understanding the soft matter field, which includes colloids, polymers, membranes, biological macromolecules, foams, emulsions towards biological & biomimetic systems, and phenomena involving wetting, friction, adhesion, or microfluidics. Emphasizing the complementarities of scattering techniques with other spectroscopic ones, this volume also highlights the potential gain in combining techniques such as rheology, NMR, light scattering, dielectric spectroscopy, as well as synchrotron radiation experiments. Key areas covered include polymer science, biological materials, complex fluids and surface science.


Vibrational Spectroscopy With Neutrons - With Applications In Chemistry, Biology, Materials Science And Catalysis

Vibrational Spectroscopy With Neutrons - With Applications In Chemistry, Biology, Materials Science And Catalysis

Author: Philip C H Mitchell

Publisher: World Scientific

Published: 2005-06-15

Total Pages: 670

ISBN-13: 9814482005

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Inelastic neutron scattering (INS) is a spectroscopic technique in which neutrons are used to probe the dynamics of atoms and molecules in solids and liquids. This book is the first, since the late 1960s, to cover the principles and applications of INS as a vibrational-spectroscopic technique. It provides a hands-on account of the use of INS, concentrating on how neutron vibrational spectroscopy can be employed to obtain chemical information on a range of materials that are of interest to chemists, biologists, materials scientists, surface scientists and catalyst researchers. This is an accessible and comprehensive single-volume primary text and reference source.


Introduction to the Theory of Thermal Neutron Scattering

Introduction to the Theory of Thermal Neutron Scattering

Author: G. L. Squires

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2012-03-29

Total Pages: 273

ISBN-13: 1107644062

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A long-awaited reprint of the book that has established itself as the classic textbook on neutron scattering. It will be an invaluable introductory text for students taking courses on neutron scattering, as well as for researchers and those who would like to deepen their knowledge on the subject through self-study.


Neutron Generators for Analytical Purposes

Neutron Generators for Analytical Purposes

Author: International Atomic Energy Agency

Publisher: IAEA Radiation Technology Repo

Published: 2012

Total Pages: 145

ISBN-13: 9789201251107

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This publication addresses recent developments in neutron generator (NG) technology. It presents information on compact instruments with high neutron yield to be used for neutron activation analysis (NAA) and prompt gamma neutron activation analysis in combination with high count rate spectrometers. Traditional NGs have been shown to be effective for applications including borehole logging, homeland security, nuclear medicine and the on-line analysis of aluminium, coal and cement. Pulsed fast thermal neutron analysis, as well as tagged and timed neutron analysis, are additional techniques which can be applied using NG. Furthermore, NG can effectively be used for elemental analysis and is also effective for analysis of hidden materials by neutron radiography. Useful guidelines for developing NG based research laboratories are also provided in this publication.


Experimental Neutron Scattering

Experimental Neutron Scattering

Author: B. T. M. Willis

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2017-03-23

Total Pages: 325

ISBN-13: 0191545473

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The first systematic experiments in neutron scattering were carried out in the late 1940s using fission reactors built for the nuclear power programme. Crystallographers were amongst the first to exploit the new technique, but they were soon followed by condensed matter physicists and chemists. Engineers and biologists are the most recent recruits to the club of neutron users. The aim of the book is to provide a broad survey of the experimental activities of all these users. There are many specialist monographs describing particular examples of the application of neutron scattering: fifteen of such monographs have been published already in the Oxford University Press series edited by S. Lovesey and E. Mitchell. However this book will appeal to newcomers to the field of neutron scattering, who may be intimidated by the bewildering array of instruments at central facilities (such as the Institut Laue Langevin in France, the ISIS Laboratory in the UK, or the PSI Laboratory in Switzerland), and who may be uncertain as to which instrument to use.


Single Crystal Neutron Diffraction from Molecular Materials

Single Crystal Neutron Diffraction from Molecular Materials

Author: Chick C. Wilson

Publisher: World Scientific

Published: 2000

Total Pages: 390

ISBN-13: 9789810237769

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This important book presents a comprehensive account of the techniques & applications of single crystal neutron diffraction in the area of chemical crystallography & molecular structure. Beginning with a brief description of the general principles & the reasons for choosing the technique - the "why" - the book covers the methods for both the production of neutrons & the measurement of their scattering by molecular crystals - the "how" - followed by a detailed survey of past, present & future applications - the "what". The coverage of both steady state & pulsed neutron sources & instrumentation is extensive, while the survey of applications is the most comprehensive yet undertaken. The book endeavours to show why the technique is an essential method for studying areas as diverse as hydrogen bonding & weak interactions, organometallics, supramolecular chemistry & crystal engineering, metal hydrides, charge density & pharmaceuticals. It is an ideal reference source for the research worker interested in using neutron diffraction to study the structure of molecules. Contents: Crystallography & the Importance of Structural Information; Neutron Scattering; Neutron Diffractometers; Review of Applications I: The Accurate Location of Atoms; Review of Applications II: Hydrogen Bonding & Other Intermolecular Interactions; Review of Applications III: Probing Vibrations & Disorder; Impact on Material Properties & Design; The Future: New Instruments, New Sources, New Techniques. Readership: Students & researchers involved in structural science, especially chemical crystallography.


Hydrogen as a Future Energy Carrier

Hydrogen as a Future Energy Carrier

Author: Andreas Züttel

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2011-09-22

Total Pages: 441

ISBN-13: 352762290X

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This book fills the gap for concise but comprehensive literature on this interdisciplinary topic, involving chemical, physical, biological and engineering challenges. It provides broad coverage of the most important fields of modern hydrogen technology: hydrogen properties, production, storage, conversion to power, and applications in materials science. In so doing, the book covers all the pertinent materials classes: metal hydrides, inorganic porous solids, organic materials, and nanotubes. The authors present the entire view from fundamental research to viable devices and systems, including the latest scientific results and discoveries, practical approaches to design and engineering, as well as functioning prototypes and advanced systems.


Soft-Matter Characterization

Soft-Matter Characterization

Author: Redouane Borsali

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2008-07-28

Total Pages: 1490

ISBN-13: 140204464X

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This 2-volume set includes extensive discussions of scattering techniques (light, neutron and X-ray) and related fluctuation and grating techniques that are at the forefront of this field. Most of the scattering techniques are Fourier space techniques. Recent advances have seen the development of powerful direct imaging methods such as atomic force microscopy and scanning probe microscopy. In addition, techniques that can be used to manipulate soft matter on the nanometer scale are also in rapid development. These include the scanning probe microscopy technique mentioned above as well as optical and magnetic tweezers.