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Author: David Fisher
Publisher:
Published: 2018-01-15
Total Pages: 180
ISBN-13: 9781945291487
DOWNLOAD EBOOKAll you want to know about negative thermal expansion materials in an easy to read condensed format. The development of these negative thermal expansion materials has advanced rapidly during the past fifteen years. This is the most up-to-date summary of the current range of negative thermal expansion materials and of the associated mechanisms.
Author: Takeshi Egami
Publisher: Elsevier
Published: 2003-10-02
Total Pages: 424
ISBN-13: 0080426980
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Author: D.J. Fisher
Publisher: Materials Research Forum LLC
Published: 2018-01-15
Total Pages: 179
ISBN-13: 1945291494
DOWNLOAD EBOOKIn everyday life, minute thermally-induced elongations are essentially invisible to the naked eye; but even minute expansions can fatally degrade device processing and performance in – for example – the semiconductor industry. Materials which, astonishingly, contract upon heating offer the great advantage of being able to tune the overall thermal expansion of composite materials or to act as thermal-expansion compensators. The development of these negative thermal expansion materials has advanced rapidly during the past fifteen years, and a wide variety of materials of differing types has now been identified, as well as a number of intriguing mechanisms which help to avoid the apparent inviolable tendency of size to increase with temperature. The present work is the most up-to-date summary of the current range of negative thermal expansion materials and of the associated mechanisms. Negative Thermal Expansion Materials, Thermomiotic Behavior, Thermal Stress-Fracture, Thermal Expansion of Composites, Thin-Film Design, Metamaterials
Author: Toru Moriya
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Published: 2012-12-06
Total Pages: 253
ISBN-13: 3642824994
DOWNLOAD EBOOKFerromagnetism of metallic systems, especially those including transition metals, has been a controversial subject of modern science for a long time. This controversy sterns from the apparent dual character of the d-electrons responsible for magnetism in transition metals, i.e., they are itinerant elec trons described by band theory in their ground state, while at finite tem peratures they show various properties that have long been attributed to a system consisting of local magnetic moments. The most familiar example of these properties is the Curie-Weiss law of magnetic susceptibility obeyed by almost all ferromagnets above their Curie temperatures. At first the problem seemed to be centered around whether the d-elec trons themselves are localized or itinerant. This question was settled in the 1950s and early 1960s by various experimental investigations, in particular by observations of d-electron Fermi surfaces in ferromagnetic transition metals. These observations are generally consistent with the results of band calculations. Theoretical investigations since then have concentrated on explaining this dual character of d-electron systems, taking account of the effects of electron-electron correlations in the itinerant electron model. The problem in physical terms is to study the spin density fluctuati·ons, which are ne glected in the mean-field or one-electron theory, and their influence on the physical properties.
Author: Igor L. Shabalin
Publisher: Springer
Published: 2014-05-16
Total Pages: 800
ISBN-13: 9400775873
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis exhaustive work in three volumes with featuring cross-reference system provides a thorough overview of ultra-high temperature materials – from elements and chemical compounds to alloys and composites. Topics included are physical (crystallographic, thermodynamic, thermo-physical, electrical, optical, physico-mechanical, nuclear) and chemical (solid-state diffusion, interaction with chemical elements and compounds, interaction with gases, vapours and aqueous solutions) properties of the individual physico-chemical phases and multi-phase materials with melting (or sublimation) points over or about 2500 °C. The first volume focuses on carbon (graphite/graphene) and refractory metals (W, Re, Os, Ta, Mo, Nb, Ir). The second and third volumes are dedicated solely to refractory (ceramic) compounds (oxides, nitrides, carbides, borides, silicides) and to the complex materials – refractory alloys, carbon and ceramic composites, respectively. It will be of interest to researchers, engineers, postgraduate, graduate and undergraduate students in various disciplines alike. The reader is provided with the full qualitative and quantitative assessment for the materials, which could be applied in various engineering devices and environmental conditions at ultra-high temperatures, on the basis of the latest updates in the field of physics, chemistry, materials science, nanotechnology and engineering.
Author: Mahmood M. Shokrieh
Publisher: Woodhead Publishing
Published: 2014-02-14
Total Pages: 407
ISBN-13: 0857098594
DOWNLOAD EBOOKResidual stresses are a common phenomenon in composite materials. They can either add to or significantly reduce material strength. Because of the increasing demand for high-strength, light-weight materials such as composites and their wide range of applications in the aerospace and automotive industries, in civil infrastructure and in sporting applications, it is critical that the residual stresses of composite materials are understood and measured correctly.The first part of this important book reviews destructive and non-destructive testing (NDT) techniques for measuring residual stresses. Various mathematical (analytical and numerical) methods for calculation of residual stresses in composite materials are also presented. Chapters in the first section of the book discuss the simulated hole drilling method, the slitting/crack compliance method, measuring residual stresses in homogeneous and composite glass materials using photoelastic techniques, and modeling residual stresses in composite materials. The second part of the book discusses residual stresses in polymer matrix, metal-matrix and a range of other types of composites. Moreover, the addition of nanoparticles to the matrix of polymeric composites as a new technique for reduction of residual stresses is discussed.Residual stresses in composite materials provides a comprehensive overview of this important topic, and is an invaluable reference text for both academics and professionals working in the mechanical engineering, civil engineering, aerospace, automotive, marine and sporting industries. - Reviews destructive and non-destructive testing (NDT) techniques for measuring residual stresses - Discusses residual stresses in polymer matrix, metal-matrix and other types of composite - Considers the addition of nanoparticles to the matrix of polymeric composites as a new technique for reduction of residual stresses
Author: Fran Cverna
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 2002-01-01
Total Pages: 564
ISBN-13: 0871707683
DOWNLOAD EBOOKA quick and easy to use source for qualified thermal properties of metals and alloys. The data tables are arranged by material hierarchy, with summary tables sorted by property value. Values are given for a range of high and low temperatures. Short technical discussions at the beginning of each chapter are designed to refresh the reader's understanding of the properties and units covered in that section
Author: Robert Joseph Corruccini
Publisher:
Published: 1961
Total Pages: 34
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKAuthor: Aaron P. Stebner
Publisher: Springer
Published: 2018-04-11
Total Pages: 277
ISBN-13: 3319769685
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis collection is organized around the central theme of “Martensite by Design.” Contributions include design, microstructure, properties, advanced processing and manufacturing, performance, phase transformations, and characterization.
Author: N.M. Ravindra
Publisher: Morgan & Claypool Publishers
Published: 2017-08-21
Total Pages: 160
ISBN-13: 1681741768
DOWNLOAD EBOOKOptical properties, particularly in the infrared range of wavelengths, continue to be of enormous interest to both material scientists and device engineers. The need for the development of standards for data of optical properties in the infrared range of wavelengths is very timely considering the on-going transition of nano-technology from fundamental R&D to manufacturing. Radiative properties play a critical role in the processing, process control and manufacturing of semiconductor materials, devices, circuits and systems. The design and implementation of real-time process control methods in manufacturing requires the knowledge of the radiative properties of materials. Sensors and imagers operate on the basis of the radiative properties of materials. This book reviews the optical properties of various semiconductors in the infrared range of wavelengths. Theoretical and experimental studies of the radiative properties of semiconductors are presented. Previous studies, potential applications and future developments are outlined. In Chapter 1, an introduction to the radiative properties is presented. Examples of instrumentation for measurements of the radiative properties is described in Chapter 2. In Chapters 3-11, case studies of the radiative properties of several semiconductors are elucidated. The modeling and applications of these properties are explained in Chapters 12 and 13, respectively. In Chapter 14, examples of the global infrastructure for these measurements are illustrated.
