Efficient Parsing for Natural Language

Efficient Parsing for Natural Language

Author: Masaru Tomita

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2013-04-17

Total Pages: 209

ISBN-13: 1475718853

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Parsing Efficiency is crucial when building practical natural language systems. 'Ibis is especially the case for interactive systems such as natural language database access, interfaces to expert systems and interactive machine translation. Despite its importance, parsing efficiency has received little attention in the area of natural language processing. In the areas of compiler design and theoretical computer science, on the other hand, parsing algorithms 3 have been evaluated primarily in terms of the theoretical worst case analysis (e.g. lXn», and very few practical comparisons have been made. This book introduces a context-free parsing algorithm that parses natural language more efficiently than any other existing parsing algorithms in practice. Its feasibility for use in practical systems is being proven in its application to Japanese language interface at Carnegie Group Inc., and to the continuous speech recognition project at Carnegie-Mellon University. This work was done while I was pursuing a Ph.D degree at Carnegie-Mellon University. My advisers, Herb Simon and Jaime Carbonell, deserve many thanks for their unfailing support, advice and encouragement during my graduate studies. I would like to thank Phil Hayes and Ralph Grishman for their helpful comments and criticism that in many ways improved the quality of this book. I wish also to thank Steven Brooks for insightful comments on theoretical aspects of the book (chapter 4, appendices A, B and C), and Rich Thomason for improving the linguistic part of tile book (the very beginning of section 1.1).


Foundations of Statistical Natural Language Processing

Foundations of Statistical Natural Language Processing

Author: Christopher Manning

Publisher: MIT Press

Published: 1999-05-28

Total Pages: 719

ISBN-13: 0262303795

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Statistical approaches to processing natural language text have become dominant in recent years. This foundational text is the first comprehensive introduction to statistical natural language processing (NLP) to appear. The book contains all the theory and algorithms needed for building NLP tools. It provides broad but rigorous coverage of mathematical and linguistic foundations, as well as detailed discussion of statistical methods, allowing students and researchers to construct their own implementations. The book covers collocation finding, word sense disambiguation, probabilistic parsing, information retrieval, and other applications.


Natural Language Processing with Python

Natural Language Processing with Python

Author: Steven Bird

Publisher: "O'Reilly Media, Inc."

Published: 2009-06-12

Total Pages: 506

ISBN-13: 0596555717

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This book offers a highly accessible introduction to natural language processing, the field that supports a variety of language technologies, from predictive text and email filtering to automatic summarization and translation. With it, you'll learn how to write Python programs that work with large collections of unstructured text. You'll access richly annotated datasets using a comprehensive range of linguistic data structures, and you'll understand the main algorithms for analyzing the content and structure of written communication. Packed with examples and exercises, Natural Language Processing with Python will help you: Extract information from unstructured text, either to guess the topic or identify "named entities" Analyze linguistic structure in text, including parsing and semantic analysis Access popular linguistic databases, including WordNet and treebanks Integrate techniques drawn from fields as diverse as linguistics and artificial intelligence This book will help you gain practical skills in natural language processing using the Python programming language and the Natural Language Toolkit (NLTK) open source library. If you're interested in developing web applications, analyzing multilingual news sources, or documenting endangered languages -- or if you're simply curious to have a programmer's perspective on how human language works -- you'll find Natural Language Processing with Python both fascinating and immensely useful.


Natural Language Processing

Natural Language Processing

Author: Yue Zhang

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2021-01-07

Total Pages: 487

ISBN-13: 1108420214

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This undergraduate textbook introduces essential machine learning concepts in NLP in a unified and gentle mathematical framework.


Natural Language Processing in Action

Natural Language Processing in Action

Author: Hannes Hapke

Publisher: Simon and Schuster

Published: 2019-03-16

Total Pages: 798

ISBN-13: 1638356890

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Summary Natural Language Processing in Action is your guide to creating machines that understand human language using the power of Python with its ecosystem of packages dedicated to NLP and AI. Purchase of the print book includes a free eBook in PDF, Kindle, and ePub formats from Manning Publications. About the Technology Recent advances in deep learning empower applications to understand text and speech with extreme accuracy. The result? Chatbots that can imitate real people, meaningful resume-to-job matches, superb predictive search, and automatically generated document summaries—all at a low cost. New techniques, along with accessible tools like Keras and TensorFlow, make professional-quality NLP easier than ever before. About the Book Natural Language Processing in Action is your guide to building machines that can read and interpret human language. In it, you'll use readily available Python packages to capture the meaning in text and react accordingly. The book expands traditional NLP approaches to include neural networks, modern deep learning algorithms, and generative techniques as you tackle real-world problems like extracting dates and names, composing text, and answering free-form questions. What's inside Some sentences in this book were written by NLP! Can you guess which ones? Working with Keras, TensorFlow, gensim, and scikit-learn Rule-based and data-based NLP Scalable pipelines About the Reader This book requires a basic understanding of deep learning and intermediate Python skills. About the Author Hobson Lane, Cole Howard, and Hannes Max Hapke are experienced NLP engineers who use these techniques in production. Table of Contents PART 1 - WORDY MACHINES Packets of thought (NLP overview) Build your vocabulary (word tokenization) Math with words (TF-IDF vectors) Finding meaning in word counts (semantic analysis) PART 2 - DEEPER LEARNING (NEURAL NETWORKS) Baby steps with neural networks (perceptrons and backpropagation) Reasoning with word vectors (Word2vec) Getting words in order with convolutional neural networks (CNNs) Loopy (recurrent) neural networks (RNNs) Improving retention with long short-term memory networks Sequence-to-sequence models and attention PART 3 - GETTING REAL (REAL-WORLD NLP CHALLENGES) Information extraction (named entity extraction and question answering) Getting chatty (dialog engines) Scaling up (optimization, parallelization, and batch processing)


Natural Language Parsing

Natural Language Parsing

Author: David R. Dowty

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 1985-05-31

Total Pages: 431

ISBN-13: 0521262038

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This collection of new papers by leading researchers on natural language parsing brings together different fields of research, each making significant contributions to the others. The volume includes papers applying the results of experimental psychological studies of parsing to linguistic theory. Others which present computational models of parsing and a mathematical linguistics paper on tree-adjoining grammars and parsing.


Natural Language Processing with Python and spaCy

Natural Language Processing with Python and spaCy

Author: Yuli Vasiliev

Publisher: No Starch Press

Published: 2020-04-28

Total Pages: 217

ISBN-13: 171850053X

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An introduction to natural language processing with Python using spaCy, a leading Python natural language processing library. Natural Language Processing with Python and spaCy will show you how to create NLP applications like chatbots, text-condensing scripts, and order-processing tools quickly and easily. You'll learn how to leverage the spaCy library to extract meaning from text intelligently; how to determine the relationships between words in a sentence (syntactic dependency parsing); identify nouns, verbs, and other parts of speech (part-of-speech tagging); and sort proper nouns into categories like people, organizations, and locations (named entity recognizing). You'll even learn how to transform statements into questions to keep a conversation going. You'll also learn how to: • Work with word vectors to mathematically find words with similar meanings (Chapter 5) • Identify patterns within data using spaCy's built-in displaCy visualizer (Chapter 7) • Automatically extract keywords from user input and store them in a relational database (Chapter 9) • Deploy a chatbot app to interact with users over the internet (Chapter 11) "Try This" sections in each chapter encourage you to practice what you've learned by expanding the book's example scripts to handle a wider range of inputs, add error handling, and build professional-quality applications. By the end of the book, you'll be creating your own NLP applications with Python and spaCy.


Embeddings in Natural Language Processing

Embeddings in Natural Language Processing

Author: Mohammad Taher Pilehvar

Publisher: Morgan & Claypool Publishers

Published: 2020-11-13

Total Pages: 177

ISBN-13: 1636390226

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Embeddings have undoubtedly been one of the most influential research areas in Natural Language Processing (NLP). Encoding information into a low-dimensional vector representation, which is easily integrable in modern machine learning models, has played a central role in the development of NLP. Embedding techniques initially focused on words, but the attention soon started to shift to other forms: from graph structures, such as knowledge bases, to other types of textual content, such as sentences and documents. This book provides a high-level synthesis of the main embedding techniques in NLP, in the broad sense. The book starts by explaining conventional word vector space models and word embeddings (e.g., Word2Vec and GloVe) and then moves to other types of embeddings, such as word sense, sentence and document, and graph embeddings. The book also provides an overview of recent developments in contextualized representations (e.g., ELMo and BERT) and explains their potential in NLP. Throughout the book, the reader can find both essential information for understanding a certain topic from scratch and a broad overview of the most successful techniques developed in the literature.


Natural Language Processing Recipes

Natural Language Processing Recipes

Author: Akshay Kulkarni

Publisher: Apress

Published: 2019-01-29

Total Pages: 253

ISBN-13: 148424267X

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Implement natural language processing applications with Python using a problem-solution approach. This book has numerous coding exercises that will help you to quickly deploy natural language processing techniques, such as text classification, parts of speech identification, topic modeling, text summarization, text generation, entity extraction, and sentiment analysis. Natural Language Processing Recipes starts by offering solutions for cleaning and preprocessing text data and ways to analyze it with advanced algorithms. You’ll see practical applications of the semantic as well as syntactic analysis of text, as well as complex natural language processing approaches that involve text normalization, advanced preprocessing, POS tagging, and sentiment analysis. You will also learn various applications of machine learning and deep learning in natural language processing. By using the recipes in this book, you will have a toolbox of solutions to apply to your own projects in the real world, making your development time quicker and more efficient. What You Will LearnApply NLP techniques using Python libraries such as NLTK, TextBlob, spaCy, Stanford CoreNLP, and many more Implement the concepts of information retrieval, text summarization, sentiment analysis, and other advanced natural language processing techniques. Identify machine learning and deep learning techniques for natural language processing and natural language generation problems Who This Book Is ForData scientists who want to refresh and learn various concepts of natural language processing through coding exercises.