Poland has a long tradition of space-related research and activities, going back to the 15th-century astronomer Nicolaus Copernicus. In the 21st century, the Polish space sector is building stable cooperation between science and industry, developing innovative technologies, and stimulating contacts and foreign cooperation, despite the government only devoting around 0.01 percent of Poland’s GDP to its space sector. This overview of the Polish space sector covers the heritage of space-related activities in Poland, present-day development of space law in Poland, and a review of present applications and regulations in both commercial and public applications.
Durch den Start des Satelliten BRITE Austria (TUGSAT-1) im Jahr 2008 wird Osterreich erstmals "Start-Staat" im volkerrechtlichen Sinn sein. Mangels eines osterreichischen Weltraum-Gesetzes sind viele Rechtsfragen in diesem Kontext jedoch ungeklart.Im September 2006 kamen internationale Experten zu einer Konferenz in Graz zusammen, um uber Notwendigkeit und Mindestinhalte nationaler Weltraumrechts-Gesetze zu diskutieren. Konferenzbeitrage und Ergebnisse, weiterfuhrende Analysen und der mogliche Inhalt eines osterreichischen Weltraumgesetzes, dies auf der Basis eines Vergleichs mit jungsten nationalen Weltraumgesetzen in Europa, werden zum Teil auf Englisch und zum Teil auf Deutsch veroffentlicht.
This open access book explores the legal aspects of cybersecurity in Poland. The authors are not limited to the framework created by the NCSA (National Cybersecurity System Act - this act was the first attempt to create a legal regulation of cybersecurity and, in addition, has implemented the provisions of the NIS Directive) but may discuss a number of other issues. The book presents international and EU regulations in the field of cybersecurity and issues pertinent to combating cybercrime and cyberterrorism. Moreover, regulations concerning cybercrime in a few select European countries are presented in addition to the problem of collision of state actions in ensuring cybersecurity and human rights. The advantages of the book include a comprehensive and synthetic approach to the issues related to the cybersecurity system of the Republic of Poland, a research perspective that takes as the basic level of analysis issues related to the security of the state and citizens, and the analysis of additional issues related to cybersecurity, such as cybercrime, cyberterrorism, and the problem of collision between states ensuring security cybernetics and human rights. The book targets a wide range of readers, especially scientists and researchers, members of legislative bodies, practitioners (especially judges, prosecutors, lawyers, law enforcement officials), experts in the field of IT security, and officials of public authorities. Most authors are scholars and researchers at the War Studies University in Warsaw. Some of them work at the Academic Centre for Cybersecurity Policy - a thinktank created by the Ministry of National Defence of the Republic of Poland. .
Outer space is subject to a legal framework; there is a set of rules specifically dedicated to outer space and to the activities carried out there. These rules have developed since 1957, the year the first artificial satellite was launched. Major changes have also affected the technology used and the actors involved, as well as the domains concerned by the exploration and use of outer space. Space Law will lay out the progressive densification of the legal framework that is applicable to outer space and the activities that are carried out there. Without claiming to be exhaustive, the aim of this book is to present the main primary sources of space law, its main principles, the diversity of its fields of application and the challenges and issues that the development of space activities inevitably raises.
Embark on a journey into South Korea's remarkable rise as a space power. Discover how this technological giant has secured its place among a select group of seven nations capable of launching one-ton satellites using domestically engineered rockets. Delve into South Korea's intricate space legislation, dissecting four pivotal laws and regulations through a global lens. This pioneering academic endeavor sheds light on South Korea's alignment with international obligations and the real-world application of its domestic laws. It offers pragmatic reforms, charting a course for policymakers and stakeholders toward a comprehensive legal framework to propel South Korea's cosmic aspirations.
The opening of space to exploration and use has had profound effects on society. Remote sensing by satellite has improved meteorology, land use and the monitoring of the environment. Satellite television immediately informs us visually of events in formerly remote locations, as well as providing many entertainment channels. World telecommunication facilities have been revolutionised. Global positioning has improved transport. This book examines the varied elements of public law that lie behind and regulate the use of space. It also makes suggestions for the development and improvement of the law, particularly as private enterprise plays an increasing role in space.
Space law is an area of International Law that has developed massively in the last fifty years. Francis Lyall, Emeritus Professor of Public Law at the University of Aberdeen, Scotland, and Paul B. Larsen, Adjunct Professor at Georgetown Law Centre, Washington DC, and formerly lawyer for the Office of the US Secretary of Transportation, have been involved with it since their days at the Institute of Air and Space Law, McGill University, Montreal, in 1963-4 and both teach Space Law at their respective Universities. This book gathers together their experience in readable form, and, with an extensive citation of the literature of space law, its discussion provides an excellent source for both student and practitioners.
The United Nations currently has five effective international space treaties, namely the Outer Space Treaty of 1967, Space Rescue Agreement of 1968, Space Liability Convention of 1972, Space Registration Convention of 1975, and Moon Agreement of 1979. However, with recent competition and movements to mine and exploit natural resources from such entities as the moon, asteroids, etc., these outdated treaties no longer address current advancements. It is imperative that new research is undertaken to urge and progress new space laws and policies that strengthen international cooperation and joint undertakings into the exploitation of natural resources from outer space. Global Issues Surrounding Outer Space Law and Policy grants a general understanding for the current issues and methods of solution in the field of outer space law and policy in the global society. It suggests a revision of the five international space treaties and presents a new International Space Agency (ISA) that would use international cooperation and an International Court of Air and Space Law to promote the speed of work and fairness in trials of air and space law cases. Additionally, solutions for the cooperation of the global community towards joint undertakings and exploitation of natural resources in celestial bodies is explored. This book is ideal for lawyers, professors, government officials, space agencies, academicians, researchers, students, and anyone looking to understand the complicated problems and methods of solution in international space law and policy.
