Geographic Information Systems mainly tend to be two dimensional, thus limiting the applications. As GIS are being developed, researchers and practioners are finding new ways of making GIS three dimensional, even four dimensional in some instances, increasing their usability. This book focuses on the way in which GIS could be made `multidimensional' based on the modelling limitations of current 2D GIS. It suggests extending GIS to incorporate the third and fourth dimensions, as well as time (spatio-temporal GIS), using a variety of programming techniques and discusses current examples of multidimensional GIS.
The way people normally view a GIS is 2-dimensional, a greatly limiting form. However, as developments occur within the field, researchers and practitioners are finding ways to make a GIS 3-dimensional, and in some instances even 4-dimensional. Being able to view a GIS in more than 2 dimensions greatly enhances its usability. This forward-lookin
Since its inception in Savannah, Georgia (USA) in 2000, the highly successful GIScience conferenceseries (www.giscience.org)has regularlyattractedover250 researchers from all over the world whose common interest lies in advancing the research frontiers of fundamental aspects of the production, dissemination, and use of geographic information. The conference is bi-annual and brings together leading researchers from all cognate disciplines re?ecting the interdisciplinary breadth of GIScience, including (but not limited to) geography, cognitive s- ence, computer science, engineering, information science, mathematics, philo- phy, psychology, social science, and (geo)statistics. Following the, literally breathtaking,conference in Park City, Utah (USA) at 2103m, the sixth GIScience 2010 conference returned to Europe for the second time. The 2010 conference was held in Zurich, Switzerland, a place nominated repeatedly as the world’s most livable (if not cheapest!) city. Zurich is also a GIScience landmark, as in 1990 one of the founders of the GIScience conference series, Dr. Michael Goodchild, delivered a memorable talk setting out how f- damental research on GISystems could turn into GIScience at the very same conference location during the Spatial Data Handling Symposium.
This Handbook is an essential reference and a guide to the rapidly expanding field of Geographic Information Science. Designed for students and researchers who want an in-depth treatment of the subject, including background information Comprises around 40 substantial essays, each written by a recognized expert in a particular area Covers the full spectrum of research in GIS Surveys the increasing number of applications of GIS Predicts how GIS is likely to evolve in the near future
Published on the occasion of the XXIst Congress of the International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing (ISPRS) in Beiijng, China in 2008, Advances in Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences: 2008 ISPRS Congress Book is a compilation of 34 contributions from 62 researchers active within the ISPRS. The book covers
A close relationship exists between GIS and numerous applications, including cartography, photogrammetry, geodesy, surveying, computer and information science, and statistics, among others. Scientists coined the term "geographic information science (GIScience)" to describe the theory behind these fields. A Research Agenda for Geographic Information
Developments in technologies have evolved in a much wider use of technology throughout science, government, and business; resulting in the expansion of geographic information systems. GIS is the academic study and practice of presenting geographical data through a system designed to capture, store, analyze, and manage geographic information. Geographic Information Systems: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications is a collection of knowledge on the latest advancements and research of geographic information systems. This book aims to be useful for academics and practitioners involved in geographical data.
This book is intended for scholars and students of geography, geology, environmental science, civil engineering, urban planning biology, and social sciences.
Master's Thesis from the year 2007 in the subject Geography / Earth Science - Miscellaneous, grade: 1,3, University of Bonn (Geographisches Institut), language: English, abstract: 1. INTRODUCTION Many organizations face the challenge of managing and presenting the sheer quantity of data being captured on a monthly, weekly, daily and hourly level. The introduction of business intelligence (BI) applications and technologies has helped organizations gather, provide access to, analyze, and present data and information easily to the decision makers. The applications utilize both relational and multidimensional technologies to form the overall BI infrastructure. From a historical perspective BI is a popularized umbrella term introduced by Howard Dresner of the Gartner Group in 1989 to describe a set of concepts and methods to improve business decision making by using fact-based support systems. BI is a broad category of applications and technologies for gathering, storing, analyzing, and providing access to data to help enterprise users make better business decisions. BI solutions include the activities of decision support systems, query and reporting, online analytical processing (OLAP), statistical analysis, forecasting and data mining. Microsoft defines BI as: THE PROCESS OF EXTRACTING DATA FROM A DATABASE AND THEN ANALYZING THAT DATA FOR INFORMATION THAT YOU CAN USE TO MAKE INFORMED BSINESS DECISIONS AND TAKE ACTION. However, data is not always used to its full potential and part of its richness, the spatial component, is simply left out. It has been estimated that about 80% of the data stored in corporate databases integrates spatial information that can be characterized by position, shape, orientation or size (Frankin, April 1992). It is obvious that this meaningful data is worth being integrated in the decision making process to provide a complete operational picture. To gain better advantage of the spatial dimension in decision making the appropriate tools must be used. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are the obvious potential candidate for such a task. (Worboys, 1995) provide this typical definition of a conventional GIS: A GIS IS A COMPUTERBASED INFORMATION SYSTEM THAT ENABLES CAPTURE, MODELING, MANIPULATION, RETRIEVAL, AND PRESENTATION OF GEOGRAPHICALLY REFERENCED DATA. GIS provides functionalities like
