This book explores alternative ways of accomplishing secure information transfer with incoherent multi-photon pulses in contrast to conventional Quantum Key Distribution techniques. Most of the techniques presented in this book do not need conventional encryption. Furthermore, the book presents a technique whereby any symmetric key can be securely transferred using the polarization channel of an optical fiber for conventional data encryption. The work presented in this book has largely been practically realized, albeit in a laboratory environment, to offer proof of concept rather than building a rugged instrument that can withstand the rigors of a commercial environment.
On behalf of KES International and the KES 2009 Organising Committee we are very pleased to present these volumes, the proceedings of the 13th Inter- tional Conference on Knowledge-Based Intelligent Information and Engineering Systems, held at the Faculty of Physical Sciences and Mathematics, University of Chile, in Santiago de Chile. This year, the broad focus of the KES annual conference was on intelligent applications, emergent intelligent technologies and generic topics relating to the theory, methods, tools and techniques of intelligent systems. This covers a wide range of interests, attracting many high-quality papers, which were subjected to a very rigorous review process. Thus, these volumes contain the best papers, carefully selected from an impressively large number of submissions, on an - teresting range of intelligent-systems topics. For the ?rsttime in overa decade of KES events,the annualconferencecame to South America, to Chile. For many delegates this represented the antipode of their own countries. We recognise the tremendous e?ort it took for everyone to travel to Chile, and we hope this e?ort was rewarded. Delegates were presented with the opportunity of sharing their knowledge of high-tech topics on theory andapplicationofintelligentsystemsandestablishinghumannetworksforfuture work in similar research areas, creating new synergies, and perhaps even, new innovative ?elds of study. The fact that this occurred in an interesting and beautiful area of the world was an added bonus.
New possibilities have recently emerged for producing optical beams with complex and intricate structures, and for the non-contact optical manipulation of matter. Structured Light and Its Applications fully describes the electromagnetic theory, optical properties, methods and applications associated with this new technology. Detailed discussions are given of unique beam characteristics, such as optical vortices and other wavefront structures, the associated phase properties and photonic aspects, along with applications ranging from cold atom manipulation to optically driven micromachines. Features include: Comprehensive and authoritative treatments of the latest research in this area of nanophotonics, written by the leading researchers Accounts of numerous microfluidics, nanofabrication, quantum informatics and optical manipulation applications Coverage that fully spans the subject area, from fundamental theory and simulations to experimental methods and results Graduate students and established researchers in academia, national laboratories and industry will find this book an invaluable guide to the latest technologies in this rapidly developing field. Comprehensive and definitive source of the latest research in nanotechnology written by the leading people in the field From theory to applications - all is presented in detail Editor is Chair of the SPIE Nanotechnology Technical Group and is leading the way in generation and manipulation of complex beams
This handbook provides comprehensive knowledge on device and system technologies for seamlessly integrated networks of various types of transmission media such as optical fibers and millimeter and THz waves to offer super high-speed data link service everywhere. The seamless integration of the knowledge of radio and optical technologies is needed to construct wired and wireless seamless networks. High-frequency bands such as millimeter-wave and THz-wave bands where super wideband spectra are available can offer high-speed data transmission and high-resolution sensing. However, the expected coverage is limited due to large wave propagation loss. Thus, convergence of radio and optical links is indispensable to construct worldwide networks. The radio and optical technologies share the same physics and are closely related to each other but have been developed independently. Therefore, there is a big gap between these two fields. Bridging the two fields, this handbook is also intended as a common platform to design integrated networks consisting of wireless and wired links. Full coverage of wireless and wired convergence fields ranging from basics of device and transmission media to applications allows the reader to efficiently access all the important references in this single handbook. Further, it also showcases state-of-the-art technology and cases of its use.
An urgent warning from two bestselling security experts--and a gripping inside look at how governments, firms, and ordinary citizens can confront and contain the tyrants, hackers, and criminals bent on turning the digital realm into a war zone. "In the battle raging between offense and defense in cyberspace, Clarke and Knake have some important ideas about how we can avoid cyberwar for our country, prevent cybercrime against our companies, and in doing so, reduce resentment, division, and instability at home and abroad."--Bill Clinton There is much to fear in the dark corners of cyberspace: we have entered an age in which online threats carry real-world consequences. But we do not have to let autocrats and criminals run amok in the digital realm. We now know a great deal about how to make cyberspace far less dangerous--and about how to defend our security, economy, democracy, and privacy from cyber attack. Our guides to the fifth domain -- the Pentagon's term for cyberspace -- are two of America's top cybersecurity experts, seasoned practitioners who are as familiar with the White House Situation Room as they are with Fortune 500 boardrooms. Richard A. Clarke and Robert K. Knake offer a vivid, engrossing tour of the often unfamiliar terrain of cyberspace, introducing us to the scientists, executives, and public servants who have learned through hard experience how government agencies and private firms can fend off cyber threats. With a focus on solutions over scaremongering, and backed by decades of high-level experience in the White House and the private sector, The Fifth Domain delivers a riveting, agenda-setting insider look at what works in the struggle to avoid cyberwar.
The era of quantum computing is about to begin, with profound implications for the global economy and the financial system. Rapid development of quantum computing brings both benefits and risks. Quantum computers can revolutionize industries and fields that require significant computing power, including modeling financial markets, designing new effective medicines and vaccines, and empowering artificial intelligence, as well as creating a new and secure way of communication (quantum Internet). But they would also crack many of the current encryption algorithms and threaten financial stability by compromising the security of mobile banking, e-commerce, fintech, digital currencies, and Internet information exchange. While the work on quantum-safe encryption is still in progress, financial institutions should take steps now to prepare for the cryptographic transition, by assessing future and retroactive risks from quantum computers, taking an inventory of their cryptographic algorithms (especially public keys), and building cryptographic agility to improve the overall cybersecurity resilience.
Rising concerns about the security of our data have made quantum cryptography a very active research field in recent years. Quantum cryptographic protocols promise everlasting security by exploiting distinctive quantum properties of nature. The most extensively implemented protocol is quantum key distribution (QKD), which enables secure communication between two users. The aim of this book is to introduce the reader to state-of-the-art QKD and illustrate its recent multi-user generalization: quantum conference key agreement. With its pedagogical approach that doesn’t disdain going into details, the book enables the reader to join in cutting-edge research on quantum cryptography.
