More Or Less Aggressive?
Author: Rafael Gerke
Publisher:
Published: 2009
Total Pages: 0
ISBN-13: 9783865585509
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Monetary and Macroprudential Policy with Endogenous Risk
Author: Tobias Adrian
Publisher:
Published: 2020
Total Pages:
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKMore Or Less Aggressive? Robust Monetary Policy in a New Keynesian Model with Financial Distress
Author: Rafael Gerke
Publisher:
Published: 2016
Total Pages: 44
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis paper investigates the optimal monetary policy response to a shock to collateral when policymakers act under discretion and face model uncertainty. The analysis is based on a New Keynesian model where banks supply loans to transaction constrained consumers. Our results confirm the literature on model uncertainty with respect to a cost-push shock. Insuring against model misspecification leads to a more aggressive policy response. The same is true for a shock to collateral. A preference for robustness leads to a more aggressive policy. Increasing the weight attached to interest rate smoothing raises the degree of aggressiveness. Our results indicate that a preference for robustness crucially depends on the way different types of disturbances affect the economy: in the case of a shock to collateral the policymaker does not need to be as much worried about model misspecification as in the case of a conventional cost-push shock.
Designing a Simple Loss Function for Central Banks
Author: Davide Debortoli
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Published: 2017-07-21
Total Pages: 56
ISBN-13: 1484311752
DOWNLOAD EBOOKYes, it makes a lot of sense. This paper studies how to design simple loss functions for central banks, as parsimonious approximations to social welfare. We show, both analytically and quantitatively, that simple loss functions should feature a high weight on measures of economic activity, sometimes even larger than the weight on inflation. Two main factors drive our result. First, stabilizing economic activity also stabilizes other welfare relevant variables. Second, the estimated model features mitigated inflation distortions due to a low elasticity of substitution between monopolistic goods and a low interest rate sensitivity of demand. The result holds up in the presence of measurement errors, with large shocks that generate a trade-off between stabilizing inflation and resource utilization, and also when ensuring a low probability of hitting the zero lower bound on interest rates.
The Subprime Crisis and Its Impact on Financial and Managerial Environments
Author: Elisabeth Paulet
Publisher: Cambridge Scholars Publishing
Published: 2013-01-04
Total Pages: 195
ISBN-13: 1443845140
DOWNLOAD EBOOKHistory has shown us the role that financial and banking crises have had in economic transformation. The last crisis in 2008 was particularly significant because of its extent and its effect worldwide. Two aspects hold equal importance. Firstly, governance is a key concept to be clearly defined and enforced, especially within the EU. Both entrepreneurial and financial players must measure the impact of their various actions (transparency in decision-making processes, strategic choices to achieve profit, etc.), maintaining their market position while preserving the social positioning of all partners. Secondly, from a more technical point of view, the relevance of mathematical and quantitative methods should be discussed in order to evaluate asset performance. Securitization has always been a tool used to increase financial institutions’ profit margins but it cannot become their primary goal. The error does not come from the use of this technique but from its misuse at international level. This book aims to provide the reader with a broad discussion of the financial impacts and consequences arising from the last subprime crisis. By means of an international and European analysis, the different contributors intend to stress the relevance of a multi-national solution guaranteeing the stability of the international financial and banking system.
Toward an Integrated Policy Framework
Author: International Monetary Fund
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Published: 2020-10-08
Total Pages: 54
ISBN-13: 9781513558769
DOWNLOAD EBOOKPolicymakers often face difficult tradeoffs in pursuing domestic and external stabilization objectives. The paper reflects staff’s work to advance the understanding of the policy options and tradeoffs available to policymakers in a systematic and analytical way. The paper recognizes that the optimal path of the IPF tools depends on structural characteristics and fiscal policies. The operational implications of IPF findings require careful consideration. Developing safeguards to minimize the risk of inappropriate use of IPF policies will be essential. Staff remains guided by the Fund’s Institutional View (IV) on the Liberalization and Management of Capital Flows.
Hysteresis and Business Cycles
Author: Ms.Valerie Cerra
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Published: 2020-05-29
Total Pages: 50
ISBN-13: 1513536990
DOWNLOAD EBOOKTraditionally, economic growth and business cycles have been treated independently. However, the dependence of GDP levels on its history of shocks, what economists refer to as “hysteresis,” argues for unifying the analysis of growth and cycles. In this paper, we review the recent empirical and theoretical literature that motivate this paradigm shift. The renewed interest in hysteresis has been sparked by the persistence of the Global Financial Crisis and fears of a slow recovery from the Covid-19 crisis. The findings of the recent literature have far-reaching conceptual and policy implications. In recessions, monetary and fiscal policies need to be more active to avoid the permanent scars of a downturn. And in good times, running a high-pressure economy could have permanent positive effects.
Optimal Monetary Policy Under Bounded Rationality
Author: Jonathan Benchimol
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Published: 2019-08-02
Total Pages: 52
ISBN-13: 1498324584
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThe form of bounded rationality characterizing the representative agent is key in the choice of the optimal monetary policy regime. While inflation targeting prevails for myopia that distorts agents' inflation expectations, price level targeting emerges as the optimal policy under myopia regarding the output gap, revenue, or interest rate. To the extent that bygones are not bygones under price level targeting, rational inflation expectations is a minimal condition for optimality in a behavioral world. Instrument rules implementation of this optimal policy is shown to be infeasible, questioning the ability of simple rules à la Taylor (1993) to assist the conduct of monetary policy. Bounded rationality is not necessarily associated with welfare losses.
General Theory Of Employment , Interest And Money
Author: John Maynard Keynes
Publisher: Atlantic Publishers & Dist
Published: 2016-04
Total Pages: 410
ISBN-13: 9788126905911
DOWNLOAD EBOOKJohn Maynard Keynes is the great British economist of the twentieth century whose hugely influential work The General Theory of Employment, Interest and * is undoubtedly the century's most important book on economics--strongly influencing economic theory and practice, particularly with regard to the role of government in stimulating and regulating a nation's economic life. Keynes's work has undergone significant revaluation in recent years, and "Keynesian" views which have been widely defended for so long are now perceived as at odds with Keynes's own thinking. Recent scholarship and research has demonstrated considerable rivalry and controversy concerning the proper interpretation of Keynes's works, such that recourse to the original text is all the more important. Although considered by a few critics that the sentence structures of the book are quite incomprehensible and almost unbearable to read, the book is an essential reading for all those who desire a basic education in economics. The key to understanding Keynes is the notion that at particular times in the business cycle, an economy can become over-productive (or under-consumptive) and thus, a vicious spiral is begun that results in massive layoffs and cuts in production as businesses attempt to equilibrate aggregate supply and demand. Thus, full employment is only one of many or multiple macro equilibria. If an economy reaches an underemployment equilibrium, something is necessary to boost or stimulate demand to produce full employment. This something could be business investment but because of the logic and individualist nature of investment decisions, it is unlikely to rapidly restore full employment. Keynes logically seizes upon the public budget and government expenditures as the quickest way to restore full employment. Borrowing the * to finance the deficit from private households and businesses is a quick, direct way to restore full employment while at the same time, redirecting or siphoning
Monetary Policy, Inflation, and the Business Cycle
Author: Jordi Galí
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Published: 2015-06-09
Total Pages: 295
ISBN-13: 1400866278
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThe classic introduction to the New Keynesian economic model This revised second edition of Monetary Policy, Inflation, and the Business Cycle provides a rigorous graduate-level introduction to the New Keynesian framework and its applications to monetary policy. The New Keynesian framework is the workhorse for the analysis of monetary policy and its implications for inflation, economic fluctuations, and welfare. A backbone of the new generation of medium-scale models under development at major central banks and international policy institutions, the framework provides the theoretical underpinnings for the price stability–oriented strategies adopted by most central banks in the industrialized world. Using a canonical version of the New Keynesian model as a reference, Jordi Galí explores various issues pertaining to monetary policy's design, including optimal monetary policy and the desirability of simple policy rules. He analyzes several extensions of the baseline model, allowing for cost-push shocks, nominal wage rigidities, and open economy factors. In each case, the effects on monetary policy are addressed, with emphasis on the desirability of inflation-targeting policies. New material includes the zero lower bound on nominal interest rates and an analysis of unemployment’s significance for monetary policy. The most up-to-date introduction to the New Keynesian framework available A single benchmark model used throughout New materials and exercises included An ideal resource for graduate students, researchers, and market analysts
