Molecular Function and Regulation of Non-coding RNAs in Multifactorial Diseases
Molecular Function and Regulation of Non-coding RNAs in Multifactorial Diseases

Author: Mohammadreza Hajjari

Publisher: Frontiers Media SA

Published: 2016-12-14

Total Pages: 73

ISBN-13: 2889450023

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Our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the development of multifactorial diseases such as diabetes, autism, Alzheimer's disease, and cancer has been greatly advanced. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), generally including microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs, have recently been found to have potential roles in these diseases, and provide new opportunities for developing both specific biomarkers and therapeutic targets. However, the molecular function and regulation of these RNAs still remains challenging. Numerous studies are focusing on this field in order to fully appreciate the role and regulation of these molecules in human medicine and biology. This e-book aims to bring together new findings on Non-coding RNAs in different complex diseases. It will highlight the characterization, roles, mechanism, and mode of action of these RNAs in complex disorders. We believe that the publications on this topic would be exponentially extended in future. The improved approaches at multiple levels may pave the way for designing and applying new biomarker and therapeutic targets for specific diseases based on these attractive molecules.

Molecular Function and Regulation of Non-coding RNAs in Multifactorial Diseases
Molecular Function and Regulation of Non-coding RNAs in Multifactorial Diseases

Author:

Publisher:

Published: 2016

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13:

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Our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the development of multifactorial diseases such as diabetes, autism, Alzheimer's disease, and cancer has been greatly advanced. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), generally including microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs, have recently been found to have potential roles in these diseases, and provide new opportunities for developing both specific biomarkers and therapeutic targets. However, the molecular function and regulation of these RNAs still remains challenging. Numerous studies are focusing on this field in order to fully appreciate the role and regulation of these molecules in human medicine and biology. This e-book aims to bring together new findings on Non-coding RNAs in different complex diseases. It will highlight the characterization, roles, mechanism, and mode of action of these RNAs in complex disorders. We believe that the publications on this topic would be exponentially extended in future. The improved approaches at multiple levels may pave the way for designing and applying new biomarker and therapeutic targets for specific diseases based on these attractive molecules.

Non-Coding RNAs
Non-Coding RNAs

Author: Jan Barciszewski

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2003-08-31

Total Pages: 302

ISBN-13: 9780306478352

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General inspection of a role performed in the cell by RNAs allows us to distinguish three major groups of transcripts: I. protein-coding mRNAs, II. non-coding housekeeping and III. regulatory RNAs. The housekeeping RNAs include RNA classes that are generally, constitutively expressed and whose presence is required for normal function and viability of the cells. On the other hand, a group of regulatory RNAs includes RNA species that are expressed at certain stages of organism development or cell differentiation or as a response to external stimuli and can affect expression of other genes on the levels of transcription or translation. Non-coding RNA transcripts form a heterogeneous class of RNAs that can not be characterized by a single specific function. Initially, the term non-coding RNA (ncRNA) was used primarily to describe polyadenylated and a capped eukaryotic RNAs transcribed by RNA polymerase II, but lacking long open reading frames. Now, this definition can be extended to cover all RNA transcripts that do not show protein-coding capacity and is sometimes used to describe any RNA that does not encode protein, including introns. This book is an in-depth look at the function of Non-Coding RNAs and their relationship to Molecular Biology and Molecular Biology.

Long Non-Coding RNA
Long Non-Coding RNA

Author: Syed Mudasir Andrabi

Publisher: Cambridge Scholars Publishing

Published: 2020-09-03

Total Pages: 201

ISBN-13: 1527559106

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Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) were originally regarded as “noise” in the genome due to their lack of protein-encoding capacity. However, their roles are now understood to cover various biological functions like gene regulation, cell proliferation, survival, differentiation, and chromatin remodeling. As an emerging group of non-coding RNA molecules, LncRNAs are involved in diverse diseases like cancer, cardiovascular, autoimmune, hormonal disorders, neurodegeneration, and infection, among others. However, knowledge of the mechanisms by which they act is still ambiguous. As such, this book meets the essential need for a textbook dedicated to this topic and provides a comprehensive and captivating account of lncRNA research.

Long Non-coding RNA
Long Non-coding RNA

Author: Antonin Morillon

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2018-02-01

Total Pages: 192

ISBN-13: 0081023553

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The dark side of the genome represents vast domains of the genome that are not encoding for proteins – the basic bricks of cellular structure and metabolism. Up to 98% of the human genome is non-coding and produces so-called long non-coding RNA. Some of these non-coding RNA play fundamental roles in cellular identity, cell development and cancer progression. They are now widely studied in many organisms to understand their function. This book reviews this expanding field of research and present the broad functional diversities of those molecules and their putative fundamental and therapeutic roles and develops the recent history of non-coding RNA, their very much debated classification and how they raise a formidable interest for developmental and tumorigenesis biology. Using classical examples and an extensive bibliography, the book illustrates the most studied and attractive examples of these long non-coding RNA, how they interface with epigenetics, genome integrity and expression and what are the current models of their regulatory mechanisms. - This book offers a large review about the long non-coding RNA - It presents the broad functional diversities of those molecules - It presents pioneer works from the field - Provides a comprehensive review of the field - Presents fundamental and therapeutic interests

Molecular Biology of Long Non-coding RNAs
Molecular Biology of Long Non-coding RNAs

Author: Ahmad M. Khalil

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2013-09-20

Total Pages: 232

ISBN-13: 1461486211

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​Long non-coding RNAs (lnc)RNAs have emerged as a new paradigm in epigenetic regulation of the genome. Thousands of lncRNAs have been identified and observed in a wide range of organisms. Unlike mRNA, lncRNA have no protein-coding capacity. ​So, while their function is not entirely clear, they may serve as key organizers of protein complexes that allow for higher order regulatory events. Discovering these functions has been the result of intense research done of the last few years, and lncRNA research has had several critical developments during that time. This book will consolidate these ideas and models to better examine the most important issues in lncRNA biology. This will include critical studies that have led to the discovery and annotation of lncRNAs in numerous species, and the molecular mechanisms for a few lncRNA that have begun to emerge.

Long Non-Coding RNAs
Long Non-Coding RNAs

Author: Durdica Ugarkovic

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2011-02-01

Total Pages: 216

ISBN-13: 3642165028

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Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), tentatively defined as ncRNAs of more than two hundred nucleotides in length, are characterized by the complexity and diversity of their sequences and mechanisms of action. Based on genome-wide studies, more than 3,300 of them exist, but to date only the limited number of functional lncRNAs have been identified and characterized. Nonetheless, lncRNAs have emerged as key molecules involved in the control of transcriptional and posttranscriptional gene regulatory pathways. They take part in the recruitment of chromatin modifying complexes and regulate splicing, localization, stability and translation of the target mRNAs. This book provides an overview of the rapidly advancing field of long ncRNAs, describing the epigenetic and non-epigenetic mechanisms by which they regulate various biological functions in model systems, from yeast to mammals. The role of ncRNAs in sex chromosome dosage compensation in flies and mammals is described, as well as their role in centromere and telomere biology. Long non-coding RNAs involved in environmental stress response and development are presented and their mechanisms of action discussed.

Regulatory RNAs
Regulatory RNAs

Author: Bibekanand Mallick

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-02-01

Total Pages: 549

ISBN-13: 3642225179

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Recent progress in high-throughput technologies and genome wide transcriptome studies have lead to a significant scientific milestone of discovering non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) which spans through a major portion of the genome. These RNAs most often act as riboregulators, and actively participate in the regulation of important cellular functions at the transcriptional and/or post-transcriptional levels rather than simply being an intermediated messenger between DNA and proteins. As the appreciation for the importance of ncRNAs continues to emerge, it is also increasingly clear that these play critical roles in gene regulatory processes during development and differentiation. Further, regulatory RNAs are useful biomarkers for diagnosis of diseases. Hence these RNA regulators are essential to the development of therapeutics. This book on “Regulatory RNAs” offers a comprehensive view on our current understanding of these regulatory RNAs viz. siRNA, miRNA, piRNA, snoRNA, long non-coding RNA, small RNA etc. It addresses both the biogenesis and mechanism of action of regulatory RNAs with a primary focus on their annotation, experimental methodologies (microarray, next-gen sequencing etc.) for their discovery, computational tools for their prediction, and above all, applications of these revolutionary regulatory molecules in understanding biological systems and diseases, including therapeutics. This comprehensive volume is intended for readers with research or teaching interests in ncRNA biology and will provide a major information resource on current research in the fast-moving fields of RNA and gene expression regulation. Cutting-edge and concise, “Regulatory RNAs: Basics, Methods and Applications” promises to support vital research in the field of regulatory RNAs, ever-continuing to grow rapidly and gain increasing importance in basic and translational biology.

The Chemical Biology of Long Noncoding RNAs
The Chemical Biology of Long Noncoding RNAs

Author: Stefan Jurga

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2020-10-01

Total Pages: 545

ISBN-13: 303044743X

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This book offers a comprehensive and detailed overview of various aspects of long non-coding RNAs. It discusses their emerging significance in molecular medicine, ranging from human cancers to cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Transcriptomic studies have demonstrated that the majority of genomes found in complex organisms are expressed in highly dynamic and cell-specific patterns, producing huge numbers of intergenic, antisense and intronic long non-protein-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). Thousands of lncRNAs have been identified, and unlike mRNA, they have no protein-coding capacity. A large repertoire of ncRNAs, actively transcribed from the mammalian genome, control diverse cellular processes, both in terms of development and diseases, through a variety of gene regulatory mechanisms. IncRNAs have emerged as a new paradigm in epigenetic regulation of the genome. Given its scope, the book will be of particular interest to molecular, chemical, cell and developmental biologists, as well as specialists in translational medicine involved in disease-oriented research. It also offers a valuable resource for in silico experts seeking a deeper understanding of lncRNA expression and function through computational analysis of the NGS data.