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Author: Craig Alexander Simmons
Publisher: National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada
Published: 2000
Total Pages: 376
ISBN-13: 9780612499430
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Published: 2000
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DOWNLOAD EBOOKAuthor: Craig Alexander Simmons
Publisher:
Published: 2000
Total Pages: 0
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKIn many cases, orthopaedic and dental implants can restore function to diseased or damaged joints and edentulous jaws. However, in several challenging clinical situations, it is difficult to achieve adequate fixation (osseointegration) between the implant and bone. Since osseointegration is necessary for clinical success, implant failure rates in these cases are unacceptably high. Understanding the factors that allow bone-interfacing implants to osseointegrate rapidly and reliably should lead to improvements in their use and design. With this being our goal, we investigated the influence of implant surface geometry and local tissue strains on peri-implant tissue formation. Using a rabbit model, we evaluated the histological and mechanical characteristics of the early healing tissues around nonfunctional implants with Ti6Al4V sintered porous surfaces and Ti plasma-sprayed surfaces. We found that the early healing tissues integrated with the three-dimensional interconnected structure of the sintered porous surface and mineralized more rapidly than the tissues around the irregular geometry of the plasma-sprayed surface. Consequently, the stiffness and strength of attachment was greater for the porous-surfaced implants. These results demonstrate that implant surface geometry influences early peri-implant tissue formation and, as a result, the early mechanical stability of implants. To investigate the relationship between implant surface geometry, the local mechanical environment, and peri-implant tissue formation, we developed a computational micromechanical model based on homogenization methods to describe the effective and local properties of the porous-surfaced and plasma-sprayed peri-implant regions. In validation tests, we showed that the model provided reasonably accurate initial predictions of the properties of the peri-implant regions. Using the computational model, we compared the local mechanical environments around porous-surfaced and plasma-sprayed implants. In cases with minimal implant loading, the model predicted local tissue strains that permitted localized ' and' appositional bone formation around porous-surfaced implants, but only appositional bone formation for plasma-sprayed implants. Based on the model predictions and experimental data from earlier studies, we proposed a quantitative model for the mechanical regulation of peri-implant tissue formation. The mechanoregulatory model is consistent with observations of tissue formation around porous-surfaced and plasma-sprayed implants, and provides initial criteria to evaluate the osseointegration potential of bone-interfacing implants.
Author: Meital Zilberman
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Published: 2011-05-05
Total Pages: 511
ISBN-13: 3642180655
DOWNLOAD EBOOKActive implants are actually drug or protein-eluting implants that induce healing effects, in addition to their regular task, such as support. This effect is achieved by controlled release of the active agent to the surrounding tissue. This book will give a broad overview of biomaterial platforms used as basic elements of drug-eluting implants. It will include mainly coatings for vascular stents with controlled release of antiproliferative agents, wound dressings with controlled release of antibacterial agents, drug-eluting vascular grafts, protein-eluting scaffolds for tissue regeneration, drug-eluting platforms for dental and other applications. Thus, both internal and external implants are described. The drug-eluting implants will be described in terms of matrix formats and polymers, incorporated drugs and their release profiles from the implants, as well as implant functioning. Smart polymeric systems, such as crosslinked poly-lactones, thermo and pH-sensitive hydrogels and poly(amido-amines), as well as novel basic structural elements, such as composite fibers and films, and nanostructures will be thoroughly described. The effect of the processing parameters on the microstructure and on the resulting drug release profiles, mechanical and physical properties, and other relevant properties, will be emphasized. The described new biomaterials approaches for active implants enhance the tools available for creating clinically important biomedical applications.
Author: Jorge Belinha
Publisher: Springer Nature
Published: 2020-02-11
Total Pages: 249
ISBN-13: 3030375412
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis book offers a timely snapshot of computational methods applied to the study of bone tissue. The bone, a living tissue undergoing constant changes, responds to chemical and mechanical stimuli in order to maximize its mechanical performance. Merging perspectives from the biomedical and the engineering science fields, the book offers some insights into the overall behavior of this complex biological tissue. It covers three main areas: biological characterization of bone tissue, bone remodeling algorithms, and numerical simulation of bone tissue and adjacent structures. Written by clinicians and researchers, and including both review chapters and original research, the book offers an overview of the state-of-the-art in computational mechanics of bone tissue, as well as a good balance of biological and engineering methods for bone tissue analysis. An up-to-date resource for mechanical and biomedical engineers seeking new ideas, it also promotes interdisciplinary collaborations to advance research in the field.
Author: Jennifer A. Currey
Publisher:
Published: 2006
Total Pages: 260
ISBN-13:
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Publisher:
Published: 2017-11-27
Total Pages: 546
ISBN-13: 9781683086857
DOWNLOAD EBOOKIn addition to reprinting the PDF of the CMS CoPs and Interpretive Guidelines, we include key Survey and Certification memos that CMS has issued to announced changes to the emergency preparedness final rule, fire and smoke door annual testing requirements, survey team composition and investigation of complaints, infection control screenings, and legionella risk reduction.
Author: Ulrich Meyer
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Published: 2009-02-11
Total Pages: 1049
ISBN-13: 3540777555
DOWNLOAD EBOOK"Fundamentals of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine" provides a complete overview of the state of the art in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Tissue engineering has grown tremendously during the past decade. Advances in genetic medicine and stem cell technology have significantly improved the potential to influence cell and tissue performance, and have recently expanded the field towards regenerative medicine. In recent years a number of approaches have been used routinely in daily clinical practice, others have been introduced in clinical studies, and multitudes are in the preclinical testing phase. Because of these developments, there is a need to provide comprehensive and detailed information for researchers and clinicians on this rapidly expanding field. This book offers, in a single volume, the prerequisites of a comprehensive understanding of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. The book is conceptualized according to a didactic approach (general aspects: social, economic, and ethical considerations; basic biological aspects of regenerative medicine: stem cell medicine, biomolecules, genetic engineering; classic methods of tissue engineering: cell, tissue, organ culture; biotechnological issues: scaffolds; bioreactors, laboratory work; and an extended medical discipline oriented approach: review of clinical use in the various medical specialties). The content of the book, written in 68 chapters by the world’s leading research and clinical specialists in their discipline, represents therefore the recent intellect, experience, and state of this bio-medical field.
Author: Tony Romeo
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Published: 2008-02-26
Total Pages: 302
ISBN-13: 3540754180
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThroughout the biological world, bacteria thrive predominantly in surface-attached, matrix-enclosed, multicellular communities or biofilms, as opposed to isolated planktonic cells. This choice of lifestyle is not trivial, as it involves major shifts in the use of genetic information and cellular energy, and has profound consequences for bacterial physiology and survival. Growth within a biofilm can thwart immune function and antibiotic therapy and thereby complicate the treatment of infectious diseases, especially chronic and foreign device-associated infections. Modern studies of many important biofilms have advanced well beyond the descriptive stage, and have begun to provide molecular details of the structural, biochemical, and genetic processes that drive biofilm formation and its dispersion. There is much diversity in the details of biofilm development among various species, but there are also commonalities. In most species, environmental and nutritional conditions greatly influence biofilm development. Similar kinds of adhesive molecules often promote biofilm formation in diverse species. Signaling and regulatory processes that drive biofilm development are often conserved, especially among related bacteria. Knowledge of such processes holds great promise for efforts to control biofilm growth and combat biofilm-associated infections. This volume focuses on the biology of biofilms that affect human disease, although it is by no means comprehensive. It opens with chapters that provide the reader with current perspectives on biofilm development, physiology, environmental, and regulatory effects, the role of quorum sensing, and resistance/phenotypic persistence to antimicrobial agents during biofilm growth.
Author: G. Björn Stark
Publisher:
Published: 1998
Total Pages: 330
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKC.A. VACANTI The loss or failure of an organ or tissue is one of the most frequent, devastating, and costly problems in human health care. Advances in the medical sciences have enabled physicians to restore lost functions in their patients through or gan transplantation, reconstructive surgery with autogenous tissue transfer, or the implantation of alloplastic materials. Although only recently termed "Tissue Engineering" [1], the use of biological andlor synthetic materials in conjunction with cells to create biologic substitutes to serve as functional tis sue replacements has been explored by modern scientists for several decades. The concept of generating functional tissue from an organ biopsy was de scribed very early in the literature: "The Lord God cast a deep sleep on the man, and while he was asleep, he took out one of his ribs and closed up its place with flesh. The Lord God then built up into a woman the rib that he had taken from the man" [2]. Review of history further reveals that, according to legend, the first homotransplantation of an entire limb was performed by Saints Damian and Cosmas, as depicted by the artist Fra Angelico.
