Mild Hypoxia and Visual Performance with Night Vision Goggles
Mild Hypoxia and Visual Performance with Night Vision Goggles

Author: Leray Lyle Leber

Publisher:

Published: 1985

Total Pages: 92

ISBN-13:

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

Pilots have frequently reported an apparent darkening of the visual field while flying at high altitude without supplemental oxygen, and subsequent exposure to oxygen resulted in marked increases in the brightness of lights. Likewise, at low light intensities visual acuity is greatly decreased during oxygen deprivation. In contrast, at high light intensities, the effect of moderate oxygen deprivation on visual acuity is slight. Even though the Night Vision Goggles (NVGs) amplify low night illumination, the interaction between amplified illumination and high altitude effects may prove to be important factors in visual performance. The objective of this research was to investigate the effects of mild hypoxia on monocular visual performance with NVGs. This study revealed that mild oxygen deprivation significantly affects unaided square-wave grating visual acuity but does not significantly affect NVG-augmented performance. Large differences between visual sensitivities at different spatial frequencies were not differentially affected by mild hypoxia. Supplemental oxygen did significantly improve naked-eye but not NVG-augmented night resolution acuity up to an altitude of 13,000 feet (3,692 m) above sea level (ASL).

Altitude and Night Vision Goggles
Altitude and Night Vision Goggles

Author:

Publisher:

Published: 1998

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13:

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

This paper presents the findings from a study to quantify the effect of mild hypoxia and breathing supplemental oxygen on an aircrew member's static visual acuity while using night vision goggles (NVG). In this within subjects experiment, static NvG visual acuity was measured for 15 subjects at six simulated altitude levels (i.e., ground level, 5,000, 10,000, 15,000, 18,000 and 20,000 feet). Three target contrasts (i.e., high, medium, and low) were used for each visual acuity measurement under both simulated starlight and quarter moon illumination levels. Two supplemental oxygen conditions (i.e., 100% and normal setting) were used at all altitudes and a "no" supplemental oxygen condition was used up to 10,000 feet. Overall, there was a significant decrease in average visual performance across all conditions from the equivalent of 20/44 Snellen acuity at ground level to the equivalent of 20/46 at 20,000 feet. Overall, the "100%" and "normal" oxygen conditions were not significantly different from one another. At the two lowest altitudes, the "no" supplemental oxygen condition did not differ significantly from the other two oxygen conditions. However, at the 10,000 ft. altitude, the "no" supplemental oxygen condition was significantly degraded from both the "100%" and "normal" conditions. Since this study was conducted under an existing generic altitude protocol, the results did not provide complete information on the impact on visual acuity while performing operations at 15,000 feet without supplemental oxygen, applicable to helicopter operations in the mountains. A follow-up study was recommended but not funded.

The Effects of 12 Hours of Low-Grade Hypoxia at 10,000 Ft at Night in Special Operations Forces Aircraft Operations on Cognition, Night Vision, Goggle Vision and Subjective Symptoms
The Effects of 12 Hours of Low-Grade Hypoxia at 10,000 Ft at Night in Special Operations Forces Aircraft Operations on Cognition, Night Vision, Goggle Vision and Subjective Symptoms

Author:

Publisher:

Published: 2007

Total Pages: 40

ISBN-13:

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

This study evaluated the effects of extended exposure to low-grade hypoxia on cognitive function and visual performance (unaided and night vision goggle [NVG] visual acuity). Thirty subjects were exposed to two, 12 hour exposures, one at ground level and another at 10,000 ft altitude in a hypobaric chamber. Half of the subjects performed moderate exercise. Results: Twelve hour exposure at 10,000 feet produced no significant negative impact on cognitive function, but minor negative effects on night vision goggle performance under operational lighting (starlight) conditions. The altitude exposure did not negatively affect unaided night vision performance under twilight lighting. There was a slight increase in self-reported symptoms of headache, fatigue and lack of concentration, but there was no increase in reported symptoms with the moderate exercise. The increased reports of headache at altitude may possibly indicate imminent mild acute mountain sickness.

Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports
Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports

Author:

Publisher:

Published: 1995

Total Pages: 456

ISBN-13:

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

Lists citations with abstracts for aerospace related reports obtained from world wide sources and announces documents that have recently been entered into the NASA Scientific and Technical Information Database.

Selected Papers on Night Vision Technology
Selected Papers on Night Vision Technology

Author: R. Hradaynath

Publisher: SPIE-International Society for Optical Engineering

Published: 2001

Total Pages: 1050

ISBN-13:

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

This collection of 104 papers is divided into two parts. Part One, Image Intensification, focuses on developments with image intensified tubes. Part Two, Thermal Imaging, concentrates on the practical applications of night vision technology for its main users: the armed forces.

Space Safety and Human Performance
Space Safety and Human Performance

Author: Barbara G. Kanki

Publisher: Butterworth-Heinemann

Published: 2017-11-10

Total Pages: 946

ISBN-13: 0081018703

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

Space Safety and Human Performance provides a comprehensive reference for engineers and technical managers within aerospace and high technology companies, space agencies, operators, and consulting firms. The book draws upon the expertise of the world’s leading experts in the field and focuses primarily on humans in spaceflight, but also covers operators of control centers on the ground and behavior aspects of complex organizations, thus addressing the entire spectrum of space actors. During spaceflight, human performance can be deeply affected by physical, psychological and psychosocial stressors. Strict selection, intensive training and adequate operational rules are used to fight performance degradation and prepare individuals and teams to effectively manage systems failures and challenging emergencies. The book is endorsed by the International Association for the Advancement of Space Safety (IAASS). 2019 PROSE Awards - Winner: Category: Engineering and Technology: Association of American Publishers Provides information on critical aspects of human performance in space missions Addresses the issue of human performance, from physical and psychosocial stressors that can degrade performance, to selection and training principles and techniques to enhance performance Brings together essential material on: cognition and human error; advanced analysis methods such as human reliability analysis; environmental challenges and human performance in space missions; critical human factors and man/machine interfaces in space systems design; crew selection and training; and organizational behavior and safety culture Includes an endorsement by the International Association for the Advancement of Space Safety (IAASS)

Hypoxia and Exercise
Hypoxia and Exercise

Author: Robert Roach

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2007-04-03

Total Pages: 354

ISBN-13: 0387348174

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

The 14th volume in the series will focus on cutting edge research at the interface of hypoxia and exercise. The work will cover the range from molecular mechanisms of muscle fatigue and muscle wasting to whole body exercise on the world’s highest mountains. State of the art papers on training at high altitude for low altitude athletic performance will also be featured.

Introduction to Human Factors for Organisational Psychologists
Introduction to Human Factors for Organisational Psychologists

Author: Mark W. Wiggins

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2022-05-22

Total Pages: 454

ISBN-13: 1000559386

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

This text introduces industrial and organisational psychologists to the discipline of human factors. It also provides a range of tools necessary for the application of human factors strategies and techniques in practice. The text is intended to respond to the growing demand for organisational psychologists to assist in the development and evaluation of initiatives that are intended to optimise the relationship between workers and the operational environments with which they engage. The book • Contains practical strategies and examples that are intended to guide readers • Combines human factors and organisational psychological concepts in a single volume • Covers context-related examples that illustrate the application of human factors tools and principles • Presents an integrated approach to human factors from an organisational psychological perspective The text begins by discussing the application of human factors in organisations, together with notions of risk and uncertainty. Frameworks for human factors are considered, including error-based and system safety approaches. It explores the links between individual differences and human factors, and it covers group processes and the impact on team performance, including the role of leadership and followership. The book also presents a range of tools and techniques that can be applied by organisational psychologists to acquire human factors-related information and develop an understanding of the situation or factors that may explain human behaviour.